Pain and somatosensory findings in patients 3 years after total hip arthroplasty

Background: Chronic hip pain after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a significant problem, but the aetiology remains unclear. Aims: To determine sensory function in patients with chronic hip pain 3 years after THA. Patients without hip pain after THA served as controls. Methods: Eighteen patients with chronic hip pain and 18 controls without chronic hip pain were recruited from a previous questionnaire study about hip pain after total hip arthroplasty. All participants answered questions about pain and mental vulnerability and underwent clinical examination followed by quantitative sensory testing (brush‐evoked allodynia, pinprick hyperalgesia, mechanical and thermal thresholds). Results: Brush‐evoked allodynia was present in 4 patients with hip pain (P=0.1) and pinprick hyperalgesia (P=0.02) was more frequent in patients with chronic hip pain. Mechanical and thermal thresholds were similar in patients and controls. Patients with chronic hip pain had higher scores on the mental vulnerability scale (P<0.001). Chronic hip pain was significantly associated with low back pain (P=0.002). Conclusions: We found signs of hypersensitivity on the operated side, which was more prominent in patients with pain. Pain referred from the back or deeper structures in the hip seems to play a role for the pain in subgroups of patients. In addition, chronic hip pain was associated with mental vulnerability.     

Sonographically guided injection of anesthetic for iliopsoas tendinopathy after total hip arthroplasty

We report 2 patients who developed pain in the region of the iliopsoas tendon after undergoing total hip arthroplasty. The pain was temporarily relieved by sonographically guided injection of steroid and anesthetic and was subsequently treated by surgical release of the tendon.     

全髋关节置换术后99康复训练程序

全髋关节置换术 (THA)后“99康复训练程序”的内容包括肌力训练、关节活动度训练、ADL训练。患者术后即可开始康复训练 ,在院训练时间为 2周 ,分为卧位及坐位、站立位、步行训练 3期。通过训练 ,可使患者恢复患肢功能、减少术后并发症、缩短住院日期。经临床试用 ,证实此法切实可行。     

全髋关节置换后的股骨假体周围骨折

背景：随着全髋关节置换及翻修患者的不断增加,股骨假体周围骨折的发生率及复杂性随之增加。 目的：回顾有关股骨假体周围骨折的研究文献,探讨其危险因素、预防措施、Vancouver分型和治疗方案。 方法：以电子检索方式对CNKI 数据库、FMJS数据库及PubMed数据库1994年9月至2012年6月收录的有关全髋关节置换后股骨假体周围骨折的研究文献进行分析,检索词为＂全髋关节置换,股骨假体周围骨折＂和＂total hip arthroplasty,periprosthetic femoral fractures＂,排除报道时间较早的研究或重复研究。 结果与结论：随着全髋关节置换人数的增加,置换后股骨假体周围骨折发生率正在增加。目前公认的危险因素包括年龄、性别、创伤、固定方式、假体松动、翻修、骨溶解、置换前疾病、骨质疏松、假体类型和置换技术等。熟悉及理解股骨假体周围骨折的危险因素对其预防及治疗至关重要。Vancouver分型涉及股骨假体周围骨折位置及稳定性、假体松动情况、股骨近端骨量等,是临床上常用的分型方法。临床治疗应根据骨折类型、是否有假体松及骨缺损等采用不同的方法。     

直接前入路全髋关节置换术治疗大骨节病性髋关节炎的临床效果

目的观察直接前入路全髋关节置换术(DAA-THA)治疗大骨节病(KBD)性髋关节炎的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2015年8月至2019年10月的21例KBD性髋关节炎行全髋关节置换术患者的临床资料,记录患者的手术相关情况和术后并发症发生情况,评价患者术前、术后1周及随访1、6个月的Harris、WOMAC、VAS评分。结果所有患者的手术均顺利完成,术后无严重并发症,随访6个月无假体松动、下沉及脱位等现象。患者术后6个月的Harris、WOMAC、VAS评分与术前存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论DAA-THA治疗KBD性髋关节炎的损伤小,手术时间短,髋关节功能恢复快,术后效果好。     

Gait in the early days after total knee and hip arthroplasty: A comparison

Purpose.?To evaluate whether gait after Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is different from gait after Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) in the early days following surgical intervention.

Method.?The gait was studied in water, thus exploiting its buoyancy force. Twenty consecutive patients underwent TKA and twenty consecutive patients underwent THA. The mean age was 70.2 years (SD 6.9). Twenty age-matched volunteers were the control group.

Results.?At the beginning TKA and THA patients had the same speed and the same step length. At day 15 there was a speed difference in favour of THA patients (t = ? 2.245, df 38, p = 0.031). Likewise, the step length was longer in THA patients (t = ?2.293 df 38, p = 0.027). In contrast to TKA patients, THA patients were unbalanced, having a longer stance phase on the non-operated leg and a longer swing on the contralateral one.

Conclusions.?Gait strategies were completely different after TKA and THA interventions. TKA patients were balanced over their feet and they appeared more cautious and more concerned about gait quality than moving quickly. By contrast, THA patients were unbalanced, having a longer stance phase on the non-operated leg and a longer swing on the contralateral one. However, their speed gain was higher.     

Patients' learning needs after hip arthroplasty

The purpose of this study was to describe patients' learning needs after hip arthroplasty and compare them prior to and 2 weeks after hospital discharge. Data were collected in two phases from 22 surgical wards in 17 hospitals in Finland using a Canadian Patient Learning Needs Scale (Galloway et al., 1996). The first questionnaire (n=212, 81%) was completed before hospital discharge and the second (n=144, 55%) was completed at home after hospital discharge. Results indicated that patients' learning needs diminished significantly after hospital discharge. In both questionnaires patients felt that the most important information was about complications and symptoms. Information about medication was ranked the second most important. Demographic variables such as age, gender, education and working life were clearly related to learning needs. Women over 60 years old, and less educated and retired respondents had many learning needs.     

Gait in the early days after total knee and hip arthroplasty: a comparison

Purpose. To evaluate whether gait after Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is different from gait after Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) in the early days following surgical intervention.

Method. The gait was studied in water, thus exploiting its buoyancy force. Twenty consecutive patients underwent TKA and twenty consecutive patients underwent THA. The mean age was 70.2 years (SD 6.9). Twenty age-matched volunteers were the control group.

Results. At the beginning TKA and THA patients had the same speed and the same step length. At day 15 there was a speed difference in favour of THA patients (t = - 2.245, df 38, p = 0.031). Likewise, the step length was longer in THA patients (t = -2.293 df 38, p = 0.027). In contrast to TKA patients, THA patients were unbalanced, having a longer stance phase on the non-operated leg and a longer swing on the contralateral one.

Conclusions. Gait strategies were completely different after TKA and THA interventions. TKA patients were balanced over their feet and they appeared more cautious and more concerned about gait quality than moving quickly. By contrast, THA patients were unbalanced, having a longer stance phase on the non-operated leg and a longer swing on the contralateral one. However, their speed gain was higher.     

护理干预对老年患者髋骨关节置换术后并发症的预防效果分析

目的探讨护理干预对髋关节置换术老年患者的实施效果,观察其术后病并发症情况。方法选取髋部骨折并实施髋关节置换术的老年患者68例,随机分为对照组与实验组各34例,对照组患者均使用常规护理方法,实验组患者除使用常规护理方法外,还实施相应的护理干预措施。比较2组患者在进行髋关节置换术后出现肺部感染、深静脉血栓、压疮、关节脱位等并发症情况,评价护理效果。结果与对照组相比,实验组患者的Harris评分显著高于对照组,住院时间短于对照组,实验组并发症发生率低于对照组。结论对髋骨实施关节置换术后的老年患者进行干预护理,可减少患者术后并发症,缩短住院时间。     

非骨水泥型全髋关节置换术患者的早期康复

目的：比较早期负重和晚期负重对非骨水泥型全髋关节置换术后患者功能恢复和生存质量的影响.方法：共收集患者30例（32髋）,分为早期负重组（治疗组）和晚期负重组（对照组）,除术后负重方法不同外,均予系统的早期康复治疗.术前、术后12周内进行临床和放射学的评定和比较.结果：术后12周,早期负重组患者能够更早地获得独立步行的能力（P＜0.001）,Harris评分和WOMAC评分改善更明显（P＜0.001）;SF-36量表的评分中,早期负重组患者的生理职能、生理机能,以及社会功能评分更高（P＜0.001）.术后12周,放射学检查结果初步表明早期负重并未导致假体固定失败.结论：术后12周,早期负重组患者功能改善更明显,更快地获得独立的日常生活和社会活动能力,生存质量更高.早期负重的康复治疗,必须在一定条件下进行.     

陶瓷对陶瓷全髋关节置换后的异响问题

背景：陶瓷对陶瓷界面的人工髋关节假体置换手术目前在临床上广泛开展,但是越来越多的报道显示全陶关节置换术后有些患者会出现髋关节异响,影响患者的手术满意度,严重者甚至患者的生活质量. 目的：综述目前国内外对髋关节异响问题的研究现状,阐明髋关节置换后异响的发生率和危险因素,探究髋关节异响产生的机制和临床防治路径. 方法：由第一作者检索1972年1月至2012年12月PubMed数据库,在标题和摘要中以“total hip arthroplasy,hip squeaking,hip noise”为主题词进行检索有关髋关节异响危险因素及形成原因和机制等方面的相关文献. 结果与结论：异响声在陶瓷对陶瓷界面中和金属对金属界面中都会发生,发生率报道不一.引起全髋关节置换后异响声的原因包括患者因素、手术因素和假体因素,它们间互为因果,相互影响.目前的研究认为异响产生的机制包括边缘负荷,斑纹磨损,假体撞击,第三体颗粒和润滑缺失等.髋关节置换后异响是多因素作用下产生的界面异常摩擦,从而造成假体振动产生异响.大多数患者只需临床随访,少部分患者需要手术干预.     

Zweymuller非骨水泥型全髋关节置换术的临床应用体会

目的 :探讨Zweymuller非骨水泥型全髋关节置换术临床应用的有效性。方法 :应用Zweymuller非骨水泥型人工髋关节对 47例 ( 5 2个髋关节 )行置换手术。结果 :所有病例切口一期愈合 ,5 0个髋关节获得 5～ 72个月随访 ,无 1例出现假体脱位、松动等并发症 ,术后Harris评分由术前的平均 48 5分增至术后的平均 88 5分 ,髋关节功能优良率 94%。结论 :Zweymuller非骨水泥型人工髋关节假体的临床初期稳定性及初期随访效果满意。     

全髋关节置换术在老年髋部骨折患者中的应用效果

目的 分析全髋关节置换术(THA)在老年髋部骨折患者中的应用效果.方法 选取2017年1月至2019年4月来我院骨科接受治疗的150例髋部骨折患者为研究对象,根据随机抽样法将患者分为Gamma钉固定组和THA组,每组75例.比较两组患者手术相关指标、生活质量、髋关节功能、并发症发生情况.结果 THA组的术中出血量、住院...     

全髋关节置换术后引流放置的对比研究

目的对比全髋关节置换术后放置引流与否的结果是否对近期疗效有不同影响,为进_.步康复方案的制定提供数据支持。方法随机抽取2007年在我院骨科初次全髋关节置换术后放置引流和不放置引流的两组病例各35髋,共纳入70髋。观察其手术时间、术后输红细胞量、术后下地时间,术后退热时间、术后拆线时间,比较放置引流和不放置引流两组以上指标是否有差异。结果两组患者术后输血、退热时间、下地时间、拆线时间等方面放置引流组和不放置引流组差异均无显著意义（P〉0.05）。结论对于有选择的全髋关节置换病例,术后不放置引流组的出血及功能恢复方面同放置引流组没有明显差异。就全髋关节置换术后近期影响来说,不放置引流是可行的,对于长期结果是否有影响尚需进一步观察。     

抗抑郁护理对人工全髋关节翻修术后康复的影响

目的探讨抗抑郁护理对人工全髋关节翻修术后康复的影响。方法人工全髋关节翻修术患者24例,随机分为观察组16例和对照组8例,观察组采用抗抑郁护理,对照组采用常规护理。两组术前及术后2周应用抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）对患者进行评定;观察术后康复计划的完成情况及髋关节功能恢复情况。结果观察组患者抑郁评分得分、康复计划的完成情况及髋关节功能恢复情况明显优于对照组,差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论抗抑郁护理可减轻人工全髋关节翻修术后的抑郁及提高康复计划的完成及髋关节功能恢复。     

Fatal cobalt toxicity after total hip arthroplasty revision for fractured ceramic components

Context: Post-arthroplasty metallosis, which refers to metallic corrosion and deposition of metallic debris in the periprosthetic soft tissues of the body, is an uncommon complication. Systemic cobalt toxicity post-arthroplasty is extremely rare. The few known fatal cases of cobalt toxicity appear to be a result of replacing shattered ceramic heads with metal-on-metal or metal-on-polyethylene implants. Friction between residual shards of ceramic and cobalt–chromium implants allows release of cobalt into the synovial fluid and bloodstream, resulting in elevated whole blood cobalt levels and potential toxicity.

Case details: This is a single patient chart review of a 60-year-old woman with prior ceramic-on-ceramic right total hip arthroplasty complicated by fractured ceramic components and metallosis of the joint. She underwent synovectomy and revision to a metal-on-polyethylene articulation. Ten months post-revision, she presented to the emergency department (ED) with right hip pain, dyspnea, worsening hearing loss, metallic dysgeusia, and weight loss. Chest CTA revealed bilateral pulmonary emboli (PE), and echocardiogram revealed new cardiomyopathy with global left ventricular hypokinesis with an ejection fraction (EF) of 35–40% inconsistent with heart strain from PE. Whole blood cobalt level obtained two days into her admission was 424.3?mcg/L and 24-h urine cobalt level was 4830.5?mcg/L. Although the patient initially clinically improved with regard to her PE and was discharged to home on hospital day 5, she returned 10 days later with a right hip dislocation and underwent closed reduction of the hip. The patient subsequently decompensated, developing cardiogenic shock, and respiratory failure. She went into pulseless electrical activity (PEA) and expired. Autopsy revealed an extensive metallic effusion surrounding the right hip prosthesis that tested positive for cobalt (41,000?mcg/L). There was also cobalt in the heart muscle tissue (2.5?mcg/g). A whole blood cobalt level obtained two days before she expired was 641.6?mcg/L.

Discussion: This is a case of fatal cobalt-induced cardiomyopathy in a patient whose ceramic components of a total hip arthroplasty fractured causing metallosis with worsening cobalt toxicity. We recommend that when a fractured device is revised with a prosthesis with cobalt–chromium components, whole blood and urine cobalt measurements should be obtained and periodically monitored to evaluate for rising concentrations. Providers should be aware of clinical signs and symptoms of cobalt toxicity in patients who have prostheses with cobalt–chromium components. If suspected, toxicology and orthopedics should be involved for possible chelation and removal of the prosthesis.     

美洛昔康与吲哚美辛防治全髋关节置换后异位骨化的比较

背景：为了避免全髋关节置换后发生异位骨化,常使用吲哚美辛等非类固醇类消炎药进行预防治疗。 目的：对比观察美洛昔康与吲哚美辛对全髋关节置换后预防异位骨化药物的效果。 方法：收集2010至2011年广州中医药大学第一附属医院骨科收治的51例患者,其中9例患者行双侧全髋关节置换,所有患者均由同一位医师采用后外侧入路进行关节置换。根据患者置换后使用的药物不同,分为对照组及实验组,分别在置换后口服吲哚美辛缓释片25 mg/d＋奥美拉唑肠溶胶囊20 mg/d或美洛昔康片15 mg/d。 结果与结论：单独使用美洛昔康和使用吲哚美辛＋奥美拉唑对关节置换患者异位骨化的发生率、疼痛、改良D＇Aubigne和Postel评分的差异均无显著性意义（P〉0.05）,但美洛昔康的胃肠道不良反应较少。因此,认为单独服用美洛昔康能够有效避免异位骨化的发生及缓解疼痛,可以作为预防全髋关节置换后异位骨化及疼痛的推荐用药。     

小切口人工全髋关节置换术50例临床疗效分析

目的探讨应用外侧小切口行人工全髋关节置换术的临床疗效。方法选择本院2006年4月至2009年4月全髋关节置换术手术患者100例,随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组行外侧小切口全髋关节置换术,对照组行常规人工全髋关节置换术。记录两组患者手术时间、手术出血量、引流量、输血量以及切口长度;观察两组患者术后关节功能的恢复情况;对两组患者治疗前和治疗后进行Harris评分。结果观察组切口长度、术中出血量、引流量、输血量分别与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义,P〈0．05;两组患者术后Harris评分比较,差异无统计学意义,P〉0．05。结论外侧入路小切口行人工全髋关节置换术,手术创伤小,术后早期功能恢复快,但须严格掌握手术适应证。     

人工全髋关节置换术后的康复护理

目的总结人工全髋关节置换术后的护理。方法回顾性分析38例人工髋关节置换术患者的术前、术后护理、功能锻炼及康复护理。结果 38例患者经过精心的治疗及护理,取得了较满意的临床效果,住院期间未发生切口、肺部、泌尿道感染,无下肢深静脉血栓形成,无护理并发症的发生,均顺利康复,患者及家属的满意度为100%。结论做好并发症的预防和术后的康复护理,对人工全髋关节置换术的成败起着至关重要的作用。