缺血性结肠炎与溃疡性结肠炎的临床鉴别诊断

背景:缺血性结肠炎(IC)与溃疡性结肠炎(UC,左半结肠型)在临床和内镜表现上有一定相似之处,对于临床表现不典型者,初步诊断颇具难度。目的:分析IC与UC的临i床鉴别诊断要点。方法:收集武汉大学中南医院2008年1月～2009年12月确诊为IC或UC左半结肠炎的住院患者,对其病史资料进行回顾性分析。结果:21例IC和25例UC患者纳入研究。IC患者以老年女性居多,病程相对较短,常伴有高血压和糖尿病,最突出的临床表现为突发腹痛后24 h内出现便血,贫血少见;UC患者的主要临床表现为黏液血便伴腹痛,贫血常见。IC病变多仅累及单一肠段,直肠受累少见,溃疡小而表浅,病理学表现为慢性炎,隐窝炎罕见;UC病变多起源于直肠,呈连续性,溃疡弥漫,病理学表现为慢性炎伴多种炎性细胞浸润,隐窝炎、隐窝脓肿常见。结论:根据性别、年龄、病程以及临床、实验室、内镜和病理检查结果进行综合分析,有助于IC与U C的鉴别诊断。     

缺血性结肠炎与溃疡性结肠炎的对比分析

目的:研究缺血性结肠炎(ischemic colitis,IC)与溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)临床及组织病理学的差异,有助两者的鉴别诊断,利于临床治疗.方法:收集20例IC和30例UC患者,对其临床及组织病理学等资料进行对比分析.结果:IC组发病时间[(5±7)d]明显较UC组发病时间[(953±1354)d]短.IC组中65%的患者伴有高血压、冠状动脉性心脏病、心房颤动、房性早搏、腹部手术史等疾病史中的一项或几项,明显高于UC组的20%;IC组以急性发病、腹痛(85%)、血便(60%)及腹泻(50%)多见,而UC且以腹痛(83%)、腹泻(63%)、黏液脓血便(57%)及里急后重(20%)为主要临床表现;在内镜表现方面,IC多以沿肠系膜侧分布的纵形溃疡为主(60%),且病变多仅累及肠腔的1/4～1/2周(80%),呈节段性分布(60%),与邻近正常黏膜分界清楚(75%),而UC则以弥漫性地图状溃疡为主(43%),病变多累及肠腔全周(90%),炎性息肉明显多见(37%).在组织病理学方面,血管扩张充血(90%)、间质严重水肿(95%)在IC中多见,血管壁增厚(50%)是其特征性表现,隐窝脓肿(47%)则在UC中多见.两组以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:组织病理学特点、肠镜下表现以及患者临床特征的差异,为IC和UC的鉴别提供了有力依据.     

缺血性结肠炎与溃疡性结肠炎临床诊断对比分析

目的对比分析缺血性结肠炎及溃疡性结肠炎临床特点与组织病理学的差异,为临床鉴别诊断提供依据。方法收集广西医科大学第一附属医院2010~2013年20例缺血性结肠炎及30例溃疡性结肠炎患者性别、病程、年龄、基础疾病史、临床表现,肠镜结果及病理特点等资料,并进行对比分析。结果缺血性结肠炎发病以60岁以上老年人为主,起病急,病程短,多伴有高血压、糖尿病等基础疾病,溃疡性结肠炎以中青年患者为主,病程长,伴随基础疾病较少见,前者临床表现以腹胀、呕吐多见,后者以黏液血便及里急后重症状较多见。缺血性结肠炎肠镜下病变较少累及直肠,多出现黏膜水肿,溃疡多呈纵行,溃疡性结肠炎常累及直肠,常合并炎性假息肉,溃疡以地图状为主,病变部位呈连续性。病理上,缺血性结肠炎以血管扩张充血、间质水肿及血管壁增厚多见,而炎性细胞浸润及隐窝脓肿较少见。结论结合年龄、既往病史、临床症状及内镜、组织病理学检查结果,有助于缺血性结肠炎与溃疡性结肠炎的鉴别诊断。     

缺血性结肠炎与溃疡性结肠炎临床表现及内镜特点的对比分析

目的 比较缺血性结肠炎(IC)与溃疡性结肠炎(UC)临床及内镜表现的差异,研究对两者的鉴别以利对其的诊断和治疗.方法 回顾分析2007年1月～2010年8月诊断为IC 30例和UC 40例患者的资料,重点分析两者在年龄分布、性别构成、病程、基础疾患、临床和内镜表现及病理诊断的异同点.结果 IC组和UC组在年龄分布、病...     

血瘀与溃疡性结肠炎的关系研究进展

溃疡性结肠炎(UC)是一种病因尚不清楚的直肠和结肠慢性非特异性炎症性疾病,病变主要侵犯直肠、乙状结肠,可扩展至降直肠、横结肠,也可累及全结肠.是以腹泻、黏液脓血便、腹痛及里急后重等为主要症状,以结肠黏膜慢性炎症和溃疡形成为病理特点的临床上较为常见的一种消化道疾病.结肠镜下,可见黏膜充血、水肿、糜烂出血溃疡,起病缓慢,病程长,病情轻重不一,常反复发作,患者十分痛苦.从目前的研究中越来越多的医家认识到血瘀在UC的发生及发展中起着重要作用,从瘀论治UC收到较好效果,相应的基础研究也取得了一定进展.现综述如下.     

溃疡性结肠炎与感染性结肠炎临床和病理比较分析

目的　比较溃疡性结肠炎 (UC)与感染性结肠炎 (IC)临床表现、内镜及组织学特点等方面的不同。方法　复习 1996～ 2 0 0 1年我院住院的 12 7例UC和 14 3例IC患者的临床资料 ,比较两组患者的临床表现及常规实验室检查指标 ;盲法比较其中 46例UC和 42例IC患者内镜及组织学表现。结果　两组患者的病程、起病方式、有无血便、诱因、腹痛、恶心呕吐、发热等比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1)。血白细胞计数及血色素比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1)。内镜表现中提示UC的指标为弥漫性分布、粗糙颗粒变、自发性出血、袋囊变浅、肠管短缩及息肉。提示IC的指标为病变呈灶性分布。组织学表现中弥漫性混合性或慢性固有层炎症、隐窝扭曲与分叉、隐窝萎缩、绒毛状表面、基底浆细胞增多有助于UC的诊断。结论　结肠镜及粘膜活检有助于UC和IC的诊断     

118例溃疡性结肠炎临床、内镜与直肠动力分析

目的了解溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的临床、内镜和直肠动力特点。方法分析1982年2002年我院确诊118倒UC的临床、内镜、直肠动力特点。结果①UC症状以腹泻、粘液、粘液血便、腹痛为主,肠外表现少见;病程通常较短;病变范围以左半结肠为主;IgG、IgM升高;②肠镜下充血水肿最多见,其次是糜烂、溃疡;③腹压增加时肛门内外括约肌净增压降低(P<0.05),直肠最低敏感量、最大耐受性、最大顺应性明显降低(P<0.01);④大多数患者以柳氮磺胺吡啶治疗有效。结论了解UC的临床、内镜和直肠动力特点,有助于理解UC的发病规律、病理生理和更有效地治疗该病。     

溃疡性结肠炎治疗后内镜下不同进展情况的预测因素

背景 溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis, UC)患者粪便中部分蛋白、外周血实验室指标与黏膜愈合等预后有关.但目前关于UC治疗前各项临床指标与治疗后内镜下进展的关系并未完全明确. UC内镜严重程度指数(UC endoscopic index of severity,UCEIS)是评估UC疗效的重要工具,包含了血管形态、出血、糜烂与溃疡3个项目.本研究通过分析溃疡性结肠炎治疗后内镜下不同进展情况的因素,以便临床医生更好的预测疗效.目的 分析UC治疗后内镜下不同进展情况的预测因素.方法 选择杭州市第九人民医院收治的UC患者156例,按照治疗后内镜下血管形态、出血、糜烂与溃疡是否进展,分为进展组与未进展组,收集并比较两组各项临床指标的差异,采用Logistic回归模型分析UC治疗后内镜下进展的影响因素.结果 血管形态进展组与未进展组治疗前血清白蛋白、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)以及血小板体积比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).出血进展组与未进展组治疗前病变范围、血小板体积以及血小板计数比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).糜...     

老年溃疡性结肠炎患者临床特点

目的探讨老年溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者的临床特点。方法收集UC患者完整临床资料,分为老年组21例和中青年组91例,比较两组病情程度、临床表现、镜下及病理表现、病变范围和治疗情况。结果老年组病变以左半结肠及直肠为主;内科治疗无效率明显高于中青年组(P<0.05);甘油三酯(TG)及凝血功能变化较中青年组明显(P<0.05)。老年组发生异型增生明显高于中青年组(P<0.05)。结论老年UC患者疾病活动程度较轻,病变以左半结肠及直肠为主,TG及凝血功能改变明显,癌变率高,内科治疗效果差,并发症多。     

溃疡性结肠炎患者内镜分析

目的 回顾性探讨昆明市近10年来溃疡性结肠炎(UC)住院患者内镜表现.方法 选取昆明市1998年1月～2009年3月期间7家大型综合医院379例住院的炎症性肠病患者作为调查对象,诊断均符合2007年中华医学会消化病学分会的UC诊治标准,分析UC患者内镜下表现.结果 有98.2％的病例接受结肠镜检查,其诊断符合率为88.4％.100％为活动期,其中轻度38.3％,中度42.2％,重度19.5％.分型如下:直肠型者13.2％,直肠和乙状结肠型26.9％,左半结肠型34.9％,右半结肠型3.2％,全结肠型21.7％.内镜下表现病变呈弥漫性分布90.50％,充血水肿86.20％,糜烂或溃疡76.90％,活动性出血60％,脓性分泌物25％,假性息肉18％.结论 昆明市UC患者的病期以中度为主,病变范围以左半结肠型和直肠和乙状结肠型为主,以弥漫性分布、充血水肿、糜烂或溃疡为主要表现.     

Collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis

The most recently recognized and least understood forms of inflammatory bowel disease are two types of idiopathic microscopic colitis-collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis. These disorders share many clinical and histologic features, but they have a few notable differences. Whether these are two distinct entities or different presentations of the same disease remains controversial. Bismuth subsalicylate is effective in some patients and treatment is symptomatic and empirical in others. Unlike ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, these forms of inflammatory bowel disease rarely require surgery. Ileostomy with or without colectomy is curative for the rare patient with severe symptoms that are refractory to medical measures. Collagenous and lymphocytic colitis are not associated with an increased risk of malignancy.     

Yersinia colitis masquerading as pseudomembranous colitis

Summary We describe a 15-month-old male who presented with fever and diarrhea 24 hr after receiving antibiotics for otitis media. A flexible sigmoidoscopy was initially interpreted endoscopically as antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis, and the patient was treated with vancomycin. The diagnosis of antibiotic-associated colitis was excluded in our patient by the negative stool examination forClostridium difficile toxin, the failure to obtain supportive features on rectal biopsy, and the failure to demonstrate sigmoidoscopic improvement with vancomycin therapy. Thirteen days later,Y. enterocolitica was cultured from the initial stool specimens. In this case, the raised central whitish area on an erythematous base was misinterpreted as pseudomembranous colitis.     

Follicular lymphoma-related colitis resembling ulcerative colitis

Among the various manifestations of colonic involvement in malignant lymphomas, an ulcerative colitis-like appearance is rare. Herein, we describe a case in which extranodal colonic involvement resembled ulcerative colitis in a patient with advanced follicular lymphoma. A 59-year-old Japanese man with diarrhea and body weight loss was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography (CT) revealed systemic lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and thickening of the sigmoid colon and rectum walls. ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxy-glucose positron emission tomography (¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT) revealed intense tubular ¹⁸F-FDG accumulation extending from the rectum to the colon at the hepatic flexure and much weaker accumulation in the systemic lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen. The isotope-enriched areas had an ulcerative colitis-like appearance as shown via colonoscopy. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with follicular lymphoma (stage IV A, grade 1) based on a pathological examination of the neck lymph nodes, iliac bone marrow, and colon. After six courses of chemotherapy (R-CHOP), ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT confirmed complete remission of the lymphoma including the colonic lesion. This is presumably the first case of ulcerative-like colitis caused by a follicular lymphoma. As a novel approach, the lymphoma-related colitis was detected by comparing the pathology results and the ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT results.     

Progression of collagenous colitis to ulcerative colitis

Collagenous colitis is a form of microscopic colitis that results in chronic watery diarrhea. The disorder predominantly affects middle-aged women, and its course tends to be benign. It is not thought to be a precursor of overt inflammatory bowel disease; however, apparent progression to ulcerative colitis has been reported on one previous occasion. We describe two further patients with symptoms and histologic features of collagenous colitis who subsequently developed ulcerative colitis. The first patient developed ulcerative colitis 13 months after diagnosis of collagenous colitis, although she gave a 23-year history of profuse watery diarrhea, which had not been adequately investigated. In the second patient, collagenous colitis was diagnosed soon after the onset of watery diarrhea, and 12 months later, progression to ulcerative colitis was documented. Both patients tested positive for perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody after they developed ulcerative colitis; the first patient was initially negative. In conclusion, these two cases, in addition to the one other in the literature, suggest that collagenous colitis and ulcerative colitis may represent extremes in the spectrum of inflammatory bowel disease and that collagenous colitis may evolve to ulcerative colitis. Therefore, progression to ulcerative colitis should be considered in any patient with known collagenous colitis whenever bloody diarrhea occurs, or if red cells, as well as white cells, are noted on stool microscopy.