准分子激光治疗近视眼疗效观察

目的了解准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（ＰＲＫ）治疗近视眼的临床效果。方法对有１ａ随访资料的５６９人１０８２只眼ＰＲＫ治疗进行分析和总结。结果术后１ａ时，第１组（＜－６．００Ｄ），第２组（－６．２５～－９．００Ｄ）和第３组（＞－９．２５Ｄ）裸眼视力在１．０及１．０以上分别为７５．３４％、６１．３８％和１１．３９％，裸眼视力达到０．５以上３组病人的比例分别是９２．２４％、８６．２１％和４１．７７％；３组病人术后屈光度在±１．００Ｄ范围内的比例分别是８２．６５％、７４．４８％和１５．２％。没有严重并发症发生。结论ＰＲＫ手术是一种安全、疗效稳定的近视眼治疗方法     

准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视和近视散光一年临床观察

采用ＶＩＳ×２０／２０型准分子激光仪对１６９例（２８１眼）近视患者进行屈光性角膜切削术（ＰＲＫ）。术前等值球镜屈光度为－１．７５—１６．００Ｄ（－８．１９Ｄ±１．５２Ｄ）。分为两组：Ⅰ组：－１．７５—－６．００Ｄ，１５３眼：Ⅱ组：－６．２５—－１６．００Ｄ，１２８眼。随防一年以上。术后１年实际矫正屈光度在预测矫正度±１．００Ｄ者在Ⅰ、Ⅱ组分别为８７．６％，５４．７％，裸眼视力≥０．５，１．０者在Ⅰ组分别为９７．４％，７４．５％，Ⅱ组分别为８６．７％，３５．９％。并发症主要有角膜上皮下雾状混浊（Ｈａｚｅ），其中Ⅱ组有９．５％的术眼发生了２—３级的Ｈａｚｅ。全组１．９％术眼发生了激素性高眼压     

准分子激光角膜切削术治疗低、中度近视术后五年疗效分析

目的评价准分子激光角膜切削术（ｐｈｏｔｏｒｅｆｒａｃｔｉｖｅｋｅｒａｔｅｃｏｍｙ,ＰＲＫ）治疗低、中度近视的远期疗效。方法对１４８只眼屈光度为－１５０～－６００ＤＰＲＫ术后５年以上患者的视力、屈光度及角膜曲率进行随访观察。结果ＰＲＫ术后５年未矫正视力≥１０者１３６只眼（９１９％）,０８者４只眼（２７％）,≥０６者８只眼（５４％）。术后等值球镜（－０１２±０２２）Ｄ,角膜曲率Ｋ值术前（４３８１±１１０）Ｄ,术后（４１３６±１３０）Ｄ两者间比差异有显著性（Ｐ＜００１）。结论ＰＲＫ治疗低、中度近视的远期疗效可靠。     

Tetraflex拟调节人工晶状体术后1年疗效的研究

目的 研究白内障超声乳化吸除联合Tetraflex拟调节人工晶状体(intraocular lens,IOL)植入术后1年的疗效.方法 临床病例对照研究.对2006年8月29日至2011年1月2日在温州医学院附属眼视光医院行白内障超声乳化吸除联合IOL植入术的患者,试验组20例(20只眼)植入Tetraflex拟调节IOL,对照组20例(20只眼)植入传统单焦点人工晶状体.随访1年时的视力、单眼近附加和调节幅度.结果 术后两组均能获得较好的裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力及最佳矫正近视力,差异均无统计学意义.试验组的裸眼近视力及远视力矫正下的近视力明显优于对照组(P＜0.01).近附加试验组为(2.04±0.29)D,对照组为(2.47±0.39)D,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).术眼调节幅度试验组为(1.86±1.01)D,对照组为(1.15±0.48)D,差异有统计学意义(P =0.008).结论 与传统单焦点IOL相比,Tetreflex拟调节IOL术后1年可获得较大的调节幅度,所需近附加减少,可同时提供较好的远、近视力.     

Episcleral and subconjunctival lipid deposits. One year follow-up

A series of 39 subjects, aged under 70, had the numbers of lipid globules counted in the slit lamp within 4 regions of the right eye and 4 regions of the left. The counting was repeated after an averaged period of 12 months (range 7-20 months). The investigation disclosed that the number of lipid globules rises. No instances were detected of a fall in their number, allowance being made for errors of measurement, assessed on the basis of blind double counting. The degeneration is not positively correlated to xanthelasma, diabetes mellitus, or presenile arcus.     

经角膜上皮激光角膜切削术治疗近视及近视散光术后1年的临床疗效观察

目的评价经角膜上皮的激光角膜切削术（TPRK）治疗近视及近视散光的临床疗效。方法前瞻性研究。入选2013年5月至2014年6月在安徽医科大学第二附属医院屈光中心行TPRK治疗的65例（127只眼）患者。术后1~3 d对患者行疼痛评分问卷调查。记录术前术后视力、术后残余屈光度及术后角膜上皮下雾状混浊（Haze）程度的变化。术后1年对患者行满意度问卷调查。手术前后视力对比采用配对t检验。结果术后第1天疼痛程度平均为（2.29±0.71）（1~3）。术后1年UCVA达到1.0为65只眼（98.5%）,所有眼均达到0.8（100%）。术后1年UCVA优于术前BCVA（t=6.11,P﹤0.001）,Haze值为（0.08±0.20）。术后1年平均等效球镜为（-0.25±0.57）D。结论 TPRK治疗近视合并散光疗效明确,为安全、有效、精确的角膜屈光手术方式,能有效改善患者视力及生活质量。     

One year follow-up of IOGEL intraocular lenses with ciliary sulcus fixation

Fifty-one soft hydrogel posterior chamber intraocular lenses (IOLs) were implanted in the ciliary sulcus after planned extracapsular cataract extractions. In nine cases the IOLs were positioned with one haptic in the capsular bag and the other in the ciliary sulcus. During a one-year follow-up, Nd:YAG capsulotomy was performed on five eyes and cystoid macular edema was present in two cases. No other serious complications were encountered. At one year, visual acuity was 20/30 or better in all eyes that did not have preexisting secondary eye problems. To prevent postoperative rotation, decentration, and deformation of the IOL, unnecessary intraocular manipulation and "in-out" positioning of the IOL should be avoided.     

选择性激光小梁成形术治疗原发性开角型青光眼的一年疗效观察

目的研究选择性激光小梁成形术(SLT)治疗原发性开角型青光眼的安全性和有效性。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象47例62眼早期原发性开角性青光眼患者。方法所有患者应用Q开关、倍频532 nm、Nd:YAG激光器(Selecta Duet型)行SLT治疗,范围下方房角180度,50个点,单脉冲能量0．5～1．4mJ。激光手术前后抗青光眼药物保持不变。随访12个月。主要指标眼压与并发症。结果在62眼中有72．5%眼压控制。SLT术前平均眼压(24．3±3．7)mmHg,手术后12个月的平均眼压(19．1±3．9)mmHg,眼压的下降差异有统计学意义(P＜0．001)。所有病例在手术后1小时均出现轻度前房炎症反应,3天后消失。结论SLT治疗早期原发性开角型青光眼随访一年是安全有效的。(眼科,2007,16:37-39)     

Trabeculectomy with the use of sodium hyaluronate. One year follow-up

The effect of sodium hyaluronate (Healon) on the post-operative course 1 week, 1 month and 1 year after trabeculectomy is reported. Forty-six eyes of 38 patients with open-angle glaucoma (16 simple, 16 capsular and 14 secondary glaucomas) were operated with the use of sodium hyaluronate. The study was prospective. For comparison, 46 eyes of 38 age-, sex- and diagnosis-matched patients with glaucoma operated during the pre-Healon period were selected. Patients in the study group were operated by the same surgeon and in the control group by different senior staff members. IOP decrease was essentially the same in both groups. No differences in post-operative pressure level existed between the different types of glaucoma. Extremely shallow or flat chamber occurred more frequently in the control series: 15 versus 9. Statistical analysis could not be applied. The trend in favour of Healon is discussed. Pressure rise greater than or equal to 30 mmHg 2-7 days after the operation was diagnosed in 8 eyes of the Healon group and 13 eyes of the control group. IOP rise was relieved by argon laser treatment of the fistula during the first week post-operatively in 6/8 eyes of the Healon group in order to facilitate aqueous drainage. Sodium hyaluronate facilitated the technical performance and prevented collapse of anterior chamber and AC haemorrhages during the operation. Sodium hyaluronate seems to prevent excessive early filtration and hypotony.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Ten-year follow-up of photorefractive keratectomy for myopia

Background  

The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term (10-year) outcome of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) on myopic eyes.     

One year follow-up study on polymetacrylate and hydrogen intraocular lenses.

This study includes two selected groups of patients operated for cataract with implantation of either a polymetacrylate (PMMA, Sinskey J-loop, prolene haptics, Mod.102H, Pharmacia) or a soft hydrogel (IO-gel, Alcon) posterior chamber lens. There were 27 patients in the PMMA group and 32 in the hydrogel lens group. The study concludes that after 1 year of observation a comparison between the two groups disclosed no major difference concerning the visual outcome and influence on the ocular tissue. No substantial observations point towards the hydrogel lens as the more biocompatible of the two lenses.     

Five-year follow-up of photorefractive keratectomy for myopia

PURPOSE: To analyze long-term results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia and myopic astigmatism. METHODS: This retrospective study included 15 eyes of 8 patients who were examined annually for 5 years after PRK. The Nidek EC-5000 laser with an ablation zone of 5.0 mm was used. Evaluations included spherical equivalent manifest refraction, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), corneal haze, and corneal astigmatism calculated by Fourier analysis of videokeratography data. RESULTS: A tendency toward myopic regression was most evident within the first postoperative year, with manifest refraction changing from +0.80 +/- 1.62 D at 1 week to -0.45 +/- 0.70 D at 1 year postoperatively (P = .007). Regression continued after the second postoperative year. There was a statistically significant difference between manifest refraction at 2 years (-0.36 +/- 0.75 D) and 5 years (-1.11 +/- 1.12 D) (P = .002). Postoperative UCVA stabilized from 3 months up to 3 years, but slightly deteriorated at 4 years and thereafter due to the myopic refractive shift. BSCVA remained stable throughout the 5-year follow-up period. Several eyes developed mild corneal haze after surgery, but haze was minimal in the majority of patients by 1 year and continued to fade over time. The asymmetry component of the cornea significantly increased after surgery, with all postoperative values significantly higher than before PRK (P < .05). Higher order irregularity increased after surgery, with a statistically significant difference between preoperative and 1 year postoperative (P < .05), but values after 2 years were not different from preoperative baseline. CONCLUSION: Fifteen eyes with a baseline refraction of -3.00 to -9.00 D had PRK with the Nidek EC-5000 laser and a 5-mm-diameter ablation zone. Myopic regression occurred in the first year, with continued mild regression of approximately -0.75 D between 2 and 5 years. Nevertheless, the results show the procedure was relatively safe and effective in this group.     

Eight-year follow-up of photorefractive keratectomy for myopia

PURPOSE: We evaluated 8-year results of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia in terms of stability and late complications. METHODS: Ninety-two myopic eyes of 55 patients were treated with a single-step method using an Aesculap-Meditec MEL 60 excimer laser with a 5.0-mm ablation zone. Treated eyes were divided into three groups according to preoperative refraction: low myopes (< or = -6.00 D), medium myopes (-6.10 to -10.00 D), and high myopes (>-10.00 D). RESULTS: Change in myopic regression stabilized in all myopia groups within 12 months, although a small myopic shift occurred up to 8 years after PRK. Mean change in refraction between 2 and 8 years was -0.42 +/- 0.48 D for low myopes, -0.37 +/- 0.34 D for medium myopes, and -0.41 +/- 0.50 D for high myopes. The percentage of eyes within +/- 1.00 D of emmetropia 8 years after PRK was 78.3% in the low myopia group, 68.8% in the medium myopia group, and 57.1% in the high myopia group. One eye lost 2 lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity due to irregular astigmatism. In 13.0% of eyes, a residual trace corneal haze was observed, which had no effect on visual acuity. Apart from the loss of 2 lines of BSCVA in one eye, there were no other late complications during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: The mean change in refraction between 2 and 8 years was less than -0.50 D, regardless of preoperative refraction, and may be attributed to natural age-related refractive change. The appearance of residual corneal haze after 8 years correlated with the amount of myopic correction. PRK was a safe and stable surgical procedure in this group of patients.     

Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy for myopia: two-year follow-up

PURPOSE: To assess and compare the clinical results (efficacy, safety, stability, and postoperative pain or discomfort) of laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) and conventional photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for the correction of low to moderate myopia. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Masaryk University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic. METHODS: A prospective comparative study was performed in 184 eyes of 92 patients who had surface excimer ablation for the correction of myopia. The preoperative mean spherical equivalent (MSE) was -4.65 diopters (D) +/- 3.14 (SD) (range -1.75 to -7.50 D). In each patient, LASEK was performed in 1 eye and PRK in the fellow eye by the same surgeon. The first eye treated and the surgical method used in the first eye were randomized. Both procedures were performed with the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser using the same parameters and nomogram. The postoperative pain level, visual recovery, complications (haze), uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), and refractive outcome were evaluated and compared. All eyes completed a 24-month follow-up. RESULTS: The postoperative MSE was -0.18 +/- 0.53 D in the PRK eyes and -0.33 +/- 0.46 D in the LASEK eyes. At 1 week, the mean UCVA was 0.64 +/- 0.21 and 0.87 +/- 0.23, respectively. No LASEK eye lost a line of BSCVA. There were no statistically significant differences between PRK and LASEK eyes in the safety and efficacy indices at 2 years. The mean pain level was significantly lower on days 1 to 3 in the LASEK eyes (P <.05). The mean corneal haze level was lower in the LASEK eyes (0.21) than in the PRK eyes (0.43) (P <.05). Seventy-nine patients preferred LASEK to PRK. CONCLUSIONS: Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy provided significantly quicker visual recovery, eliminated post-PRK pain, and reduced the haze level in eyes with low to moderate myopia compared with conventional PRK. It provided good visual and refractive outcomes. There were no serious complications.     

Outcomes of epikeratoplasty for advanced keratoglobus

PURPOSE: To determine the visual and anatomic outcomes of epikeratoplasty in keratoglobus. METHODS: In an interventional case series, 7 eyes of 6 patients with keratoglobus (KGB), 5 to 39 years of age, underwent epikeratoplasty. Three patients (3 eyes) had blue sclera, joint hypermobility, and consanguineous parents; 3 other patients (4 eyes) had only KGB. In the blue sclera group, all patients had lost the fellow eye because of minor trauma. We used a corneo-scleral button 1 mm larger than corneal diameter as an onlay graft. Orbscan pachymetry was performed before and 3 months after surgery. RESULTS: Mean visual acuity was 20/400 preoperatively and improved to 20/160 postoperatively. Mean central corneal thickness was 200 microm preoperatively, which increased to 800 microm after surgery. Epithelial inclusion cysts developed in 1 patient. Severe interface vascularization was observed in 1 eye of the blue sclera group, which had total Descemet membrane detachment before epikeratoplasty. Neurotrophic ulcer occurred in 1 case, which improved with tarsorrhaphy, punctal occlusion, and medical therapy. CONCLUSION: Epikeratoplasty is a safe and effective procedure in preserving ocular integrity and increasing visual acuity in patients with keratoglobus and should be considered before corneal perforation, which often results in loss of an eye.     

Correction of myopia with LASIK--two year observation

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of correction of moderate and high myopia as well as myopic astigmatism with LASIK. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 112 randomly selected eyes (79 patients) were analyzed after LASIK. In this group there were 55 women and 24 men aged 17 to 50 (mean 34.9). The eyes were divided into two groups (the first: between -8.0 D to -14.75 D; the second: between -15.0 D to -23.0 D). The follow-up time was 24 months. The effectiveness of this method was evaluated on the basis of the best visual acuity without correction after LASIK procedure compared to the best visual acuity with correction before LASIK. The course of the healing process, the state of cornea and subjective symptoms were also evaluated. RESULTS: One week after the operation (after LASIK) a statistically significant decrease of mean visual acuity was observed. In group I after 2 weeks the mean visual acuity was in the same range of values compared with the visual acuity before the operation. In the next period no statistically significant were observed differences. In group II after 2, 4, and 12 weeks the mean visual acuity was equalized in comparison with the mean visual acuity before correction. After 6, 12 and 24 months statistically significant improvement of visual acuity was observed. CONCLUSION: On the basis of our own observations we can say that LASIK is an effective and safe method of myopia and myopic astigmatism correction.