KAP模式护理干预对高血压患者自我效能的影响

目的:探讨KAP模式护理干预对高血压患者自我效能的影响.方法:将125例原发性高血压患者随机分为观察组63例和对照组62例,对照组给予常规护理健康教育,观察组除常规教育外还应用KAP模式护理干预.应用自制的<高血压患者自我效能评价表>进行评价,半年后对两组人群自我效能进行比较.结果:经过KAP模式护理干预,高血压患者自我效能明显提高,血压控制平稳,遵医行为及不良生活习惯明显改善(P<0.05).结论:KAP模式护理干预对高血压患者自我效能提高有显著影响,对高血压患者建立健康生活方式,养成良好生活习惯和遵医行为有促进作用.     

健康教育路径对社区糖尿病患者遵医行为的影响

目的:探讨健康教育路径对社区糖尿病患者遵医行为的影响.方法:将116例社区糖尿病患者随机分为实验组和对照组各58例,实验组实施健康教育路径,对照组给予普通门诊知识教育.比较两组患者干预后对糖尿病相关知识掌握情况及遵医行为.结果:两组干预后对糖尿病相关知识掌握情况及遵医行为比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:健康教育路径可改善糖尿病患者的遵医行为,有利于控制血糖,提高生活质量.     

家庭延伸教育对社区老年糖尿病患者遵医行为的影响

目的:探讨家庭延伸教育对社区老年糖尿病患者遵医行为的影响。方法:将80例出院的社区老年糖尿病患者随机分为观察组和对照组各40例,对照组给予常规糖尿病知识健康教育,观察组在此基础上加强家庭延伸教育,1年后比较两组遵医率及血糖值。结果:观察组干预后遵医率高于对照组,血糖值低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:家庭延伸教育增强了社区老年糖尿病患者的遵医行为,提高了社区老年糖尿病患者的生活质量。     

糖尿病并发冠心病25例社区护理干预

目的:探讨糖尿病并发冠心病患者的社区护理干预方法及效果。方法:将49例糖尿病并发冠心病患者随机分为观察组25例和对照组24例,对照组实施常规护理和健康教育,观察组在此基础上给予社区护理干预,比较两组患者遵医行为、指标合格率、再住院率。结果:两组患者遵医行为、指标合格、再住院情况比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:社区护理干预能改善糖尿病并发冠心病患者的遵医行为,促进患者康复。     

社区糖尿病健康教育效果观察

为观察社区健康教育在糖尿病患者遵医行为和血糖控制中的作用,作者自2009年6月至12月对100例2型糖尿病患者随机分为干预组(健康教育组)50例和对照组50例,6个月后问卷调查患者遵医行为和外周静脉血测量HbAlc.结果显示社区糖尿病健康教育对于提高糖尿病患者的遵医率和控制血糖是有效的.报道如下.     

社区健康教育对糖尿病病人遵医行为的影响

目的探讨社区糖尿病病人的遵医行为及健康教育对糖尿病病人遵医行为的影响。方法将90名社区糖尿病病人随机分为两组,观察组和对照组,每组45名,对观察组病人进行有计划的健康教育、指导,对照组未实施干预,1年后对两组病人遵医情况及血糖控制进行评价。结果观察组病人遵医行为及血糖控制情况均优于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论实施社区健康教育可提高糖尿病病人的遵医行为,并能有效控制血糖。     

KAP模式护理干预对高血压患者自我效能的影响

目的：探讨KAP模式护理干预对高血压患者自我效能的影响。方法：将125例原发性高血压患者随机分为观察组63例和对照组62例,对照组给予常规护理健康教育,观察组除常规教育外还应用KAP模式护理干预。应用自制的《高血压患者自我效能评价表》进行评价,半年后对两组人群自我效能进行比较。结果：经过KAP模式护理干预,高血压患者自我效能明显提高,血压控制平稳,遵医行为及不良生活习惯明显改善（P〈0.05）。结论：KAP模式护理干预对高血压患者自我效能提高有显著影响,对高血压患者建立健康生活方式,养成良好生活习惯和遵医行为有促进作用。     

社区健康教育对糖尿病患者遵医行为和康复效果的影响

目的 探讨社区健康教育对糖尿病患者遵医行为及康复效果的影响,为糖尿病个体化健康教育提供依据.方法 选择58例在本院景秦街社区服务中心建档的糖尿病患者,随机分为观察组(31例)和对照组(27例),观察组在住院和出院后均实施系统的健康教育干预,对照组仅在住院期间给予健康教育,出院后未再给予健康指导.6个月后对两组患者在药物治疗、饮食控制、运动疗法、自我监测等方面的遵医行为及疾病康复指标进行调查,并进行相关性分析.结果 观察组遵医行为明显提高(p<0.05),血糖控制水平、糖化血红蛋白、生活满意度等方面显著优于对照组(p均<0.05),且与遵医行为间存在较高的相关性.结论 社区健康教育能提高糖尿病患者遵医行为,促进糖尿病康复;通过对糖尿病不同治疗方式的遵医率与疾病康复指标进行相关性比较,更有利于在糖尿病社区护理干预过程中对患者进行个性化的指导.     

社区糖尿病患者健康教育干预效果与影响因素的分析

目的 评价以社区为基础的健康教育干预措施对糖尿病患者遵医行为的改善。方法 对150例糖尿病患者随机分为干预组和对照组,经过6个月的健康教育策略实施后,进行遵医行为的问卷调查。同时对糖尿病患者的健康教育需求方式进行了探讨。结果 干预组患者遵医行为如按时服药、体育锻炼、定期复查、血糖监测等高于对照组,(P<0.01)。结论 有针对性的健康教育干预对于糖尿患者遵医行为的提高具有明显作用。     

护理干预对高血压患者治疗依从性的作用分析

目的探讨信息-知识-行为理论（KAP）模式护理干预对高血压病人自我效能的影响。方法将125例原发性高血压患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组。应用自制的高血压病人自我效能评价表进行评价,对照组给予常规护理健康教育,观察组除常规教育外还应用KAP模式护理干预。半年后对两组人群自我效能进行比较。结果经过KAP模式护理干预,高血压病人自我效能明显提高,血压控制平稳,遵医行为及不良生活习惯明显改善（P〈0．05）。结论KAP模式护理干预对高血压患者自我效能提高有显著影响,对高血压病人建立健康生活方式,养成良好生活习惯和遵医行为方面有促进作用。     

Development of microRNA-145 for therapeutic application in breast cancer

MicroRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, are key regulators of tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis through inhibition of gene expression. Therefore, there is increasing interest in developing anti-cancer therapies using microRNAs. In this study, we determined the therapeutic potency of microRNA-145(miR-145) against breast cancer. We found a reverse-correlation between the expression of miR-145 and its target genes, such as fascin-1, c-myc, SMAD2/3 and IGF-1R in breast cancer cell lines and breast cancer patient tissues. Transfected miR-145 mimicking double-stranded oligonucleotides was directly reduced cell proliferation and motility via interaction with 3′UTR of target gene and also indirectly regulates Wnt signaling. An inhibitor of miR-145 nullified this decreasing effect of miR-145 on cell proliferation and motility. We prepared an adenoviral constructed miR-145(Ad-miR-145) and subjected it to breast cancer cells in vitro and orthotopic breast cancer mice in vivo. Ad-miR-145 suppressed cell growth and motility in both the in vitro and in vivo systems. Furthermore, a treatment combining Ad-miR-145 with 5-FU significantly showed anti-tumor effects, compared to treating alone. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that miR-145 suppresses tumor growth by inhibition of multiple tumor survival effectors, and more we suppose that miR-145 is potentially useful in the therapy of breast cancers.     

Performance evaluation of a specific IgE assay developed for the ADVIA centaur immunoassay system

OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a liquid phase immunoassay for accurate determination of allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) as a useful tool in the diagnosis of allergy patients. DESIGN AND METHODS: A fully automated, quantitative sIgE assay was developed for the ADVIA Centaur technology platform using a unique calibration method based on a recombinant reference allergen. Compared to most other IgE-assays, the assay employs a reverse sandwich architecture using monoclonal mouse anti-human IgE antibody covalently bound to paramagnetic particles in the solid phase and capturing the sample IgE. Bound sIgE reacts with liquid biotin-labeled allergen, which is detected as chemiluminescence using acridiniumester-labeled streptavidin. RESULTS: The ADVIA Centaur sIgE assay (Centaur assay) has exclusive reactivity to human IgE and performs with excellent linearity in the assay range 0.35-100 kU/L and high precision (imprecision within-run <2.6%, between-run <4.9%, and total imprecision <7.1%). The analytical sensitivity is <0.10 kU/L. Using Pharmacia CAP system FEIA (CAP) as a comparative method, positive/negative concordance was 94% at 0.35 kU/L cut-off, and the Centaur assay has a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 98%. Validation of the assay in a general population sample (The Copenhagen allergy study) revealed that sIgE was highly associated with a clinical diagnosis of inhalation allergy. CONCLUSIONS: The Centaur assay is an allergen-specific assay for measurement of IgE without interference from other types of immunoglobulins or nonspecific IgE. The assay performs with a linear reaction, high assay range, and good reproducibility. The assay correlates well with the CAP system and is in agreement with clinical diagnosis.     

中医护理评估流程和质量标准的构建

目的 建立中医护理评估流程和质量标准.方法 采用文献综述法和深入访谈法形成护理评估流程和质量标准的初步框架及条目池,应用专家咨询法对南京市22名护理专家调研,再次进行筛选,确立体系最终内容.结果 研制了入院护理评估流程和质量标准由7个步骤、21个条目构成;住院护理评估流程和质量标准由6个步骤、18个条目构成.结论 中医护理评估流程和质量标准的建立为临床护理人员提供了较为规范的质量评价依据.     

Matrix metalloproteinase-1, -3, and -9 gene polymorphisms and the risk of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in a Chinese Han population

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1(-1607 1G/2G), MMP-3(-1171 5A/6A), and MMP-9(-1562 C/T) polymorphism and susceptibility to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM). DESIGN AND METHODS: MMP-1, -3, -9 genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP analysis. RESULTS: Genotype frequency of MMP-3, but not MMP-1 and MMP-9 in IDCM patients, was significantly different from that in healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested that MMP-3 5A/6A polymorphism could be a risk factor for the susceptibility to IDCM.     

Attenuation-Corrected vs. Nonattenuation-Corrected 2-Deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-<Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">d</Emphasis>-glucose-Positron Emission Tomography in Oncology,A Systematic Review

Purpose To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the diagnostic accuracy of attenuation-corrected (AC) vs. nonattenuation-corrected (NAC) 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-d-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in oncological patients. Procedures Following a comprehensive search of the literature, two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of eligible studies. The diagnostic value of AC was studied through its sensitivity/specificity compared to histology, and by comparing the relative lesion detection rate reported with NAC-PET vs. AC, for full-ring and dual-head coincidence PET (FR- and DH-PET, respectively). Results Twelve studies were included. For FR-PET, the pooled sensitivity/specificity on a patient basis was 64/97% for AC and 62/99% for NAC, respectively. Pooled lesion detection with NAC vs. AC was 98% [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 96–99%, n = 1,012 lesions] for FR-PET, and 88% (95% CI:81–94%, n = 288 lesions) for DH-PET. Conclusions Findings suggest similar sensitivity/specificity and lesion detection for NAC vs. AC FR-PET and significantly higher lesion detection for NAC vs. AC DH-PET.     

神经内科护士失禁性皮炎知信行的访谈分析

目的：探讨神经内科护士对失禁性皮炎(IAD)的知识、态度、信念及行为现状,为 IAD 的培训、教育及规范管理提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样,运用半结构式访谈法,对50名神经内科护理人员进行一对一深入访谈,记录、整理并分析资料,归纳主题。结果被访者对于 IAD 知识缺乏,态度积极,护理行为有待提高。结论降低 IAD 发生率、减少 IAD 患者痛苦需多部门合作,护理人员需进行相关知识培训,对家属行健康指导,管理部门需制定相关处理策略,从而提高 IAD 护理质量。     

MR findings of hepatic cavernous hemangioma after intraarterial infusion of iodized oil

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed on five tumors of three patients who had hepatic hemangiomas. Four tumors were given an intraarterial infusion of 3–8 ml of iodized oil, while one tumor was not. MR images were obtained at 2.0 or 0.5 T. A single spin echo sequence with TE of 30 ms and TR of 500 ms and a double echo sequence with TEs of 60 and 150 ms and TR of 2000 ms, were used to produce relatively T1-, T2-weighted, and heavily T2-weighted images, respectively. Follow-up MR imaging was done 1–5 months after infusion of iodized oil. On relatively T1 weighted images, hemangiomas showed iso or hypointensity. On T2-weighted images, all tumors showed hyperintensity. However, on heavily T2-weighted images, tumors with iodized oil showed heterogeneous, slight hyperintensity, while tumors without iodized oil showed characteristic appearance of marked hyperintensity in hemangiomas. In hepatic cavernous hemangiomas with intraarterial infusion of iodized oil, familiarity with this unusual MR intensity of tumors on heavily T2-weighted images is useful to avoid the incorrect diagnosis and to reduce the frequency of inappropriate hepatic resection.     

Videofluoroscopy of the pharynx and esophagus in chronic graft-versus-host disease

Successful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for hematologic disorders may be complicated by graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD). Chronic GVHD is a systemic disease, involving, among other organs, the skin, mouth, liver, and esophagus. Esophageal involvement results in mucosal inflammation, leading to submucosal fibrosis and, occasionally, formation of webs and strictures. We investigated 25 allogeneic BMT recipients (17 with and eight without chronic GVHD). All patients had a videofluoroscopic study of the pharynx and esophagus to determine the radiographic abnormalities characteristic of chronic GVHD. Oropharyngeal abnormalities (poor bolus control, pharyngeal retention, or excessive mucous secretions) were found in five patients with and three patients without GVHD. Only one patient with GVHD had a pharyngo-esophageal stricture. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to pharyngo-esophageal radiographic abnormalities and esophageal symptoms. Radiographic evidence of esophageal motility disorder is not specific for GVHD involvement. In the absence of specific radiographic features, endoscopy is the most accurate method for the diagnosis of esophageal involvement by GVHD.This work was supported by the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Radiologic Tumor Diagnosis, Vienna, Austria.     

飞行时间质谱检测HBV耐药位点变异及其影响因素探讨

目的 建立PCR-MALDI-TOF MS检测乙型肝炎病毒针对核苷类药物耐药突变位点的检测方法,探讨PCR-MALDI-TOF MS技术的影响因素,为正确应用该技术提供参考.方法 采用PCR-MALDI-TOF MS检测10份HBV质粒标准品及100份HBV阳性临床标本(均单独或者联合使用过拉米夫定、阿德福韦酯、恩替卡韦和替比夫定等核苷类药物),并用PCR产物测序进行验证.结果 100份HBV阳性的临床标本,PCR-MALDI-TOF MS检测耐药阳性结果31份,阴性结果69份.与测序结果相比完全一致的有94份(94%),6份检测结果不一致,其中3份质谱与测序结果均为耐药阳性,但质谱检测结果耐药位点多于测序.PCR-MALDI-TOF MS检测灵敏度为100 copies/μl,突变型的检出阈值为5%.结论 PCR-MALDI-TOF MS技术检测HBV耐药位点变异具有高灵敏度,高准确率,高通量和自动化的特点,适合用于临床对HBV耐药位点进行基因检测.

Abstract：

Objective To establish a rapid method for detection of drug-resistance mutation in HBV, based on PCR-MALDI-TOF MS, and to explore the influential factors on this method. Methods One hundred blood serum samples, which were collected from chronic HBV patients with single drug-resistance or multiple drug-resistance of Lamivudin, Adefovi, Entecavir and Telbivudine, and 10 kinds of mutant HBV plasmids were analyzed using PCR-MALDI-TOF MS and confirmed by PCR-based sequencing. Results Of 100 samples detected, thirty-one samples were positive for drug-resistance and 69 samples were negative. The PCR-MALDI-TOF MS results of 94 samples were completely consistent with PCR-based sequencing. Six samples were inconsistent , of which three samples were positive by the two methods, but more mutation loci were detected by PCR-MALDI-TOF MS than sequencing. The consistent rate of two methods was 94%,detection sensitivity was up to 100 copies/μl, and the cut off value of detectable mutation level was 5%.Conclusion PCR-MALDI-TOF MS could be used for rapid and simple analysis of the drug resistance for the clinical application with features of high sensitivity and accuracy, high throughput and automation.