Concomitant ventricular septal rupture and interventricular septal aneurysm in neglected inferior myocardial infarction misdiagnosed with congenital ventricular septal defect: A case report

This study emphasizes that VSD should not be immediately diagnosed as a congenital disorder; instead, regional wall motion abnormalities in the left ventricle should also be taken into account since it may result from mechanical complications of neglected myocardial infarction.     

室间隔缺损合并主动脉窦瘤破裂的外科治疗

目的:总结室间隔缺损合并主动脉窦瘤破裂的外科治疗经验。方法:29例室间隔缺损合并主动脉窦瘤破裂的患者均在全麻低温体外循环下行室间隔缺损及窦瘤修复术,同时纠治心内合并畸形。结果:本组无手术死亡病例,随访3个月～6年,未发现室间隔缺损及窦瘤残余分流或窦瘤破裂复发。3例出现主动脉瓣轻度或中度反流。1例行主动脉瓣置换术患者术后1年因瓣周漏再次手术。结论:室间隔缺损合并主动脉窦瘤破裂一经诊断明确,应尽早手术治疗,术中精确修复,加强心肌保护,同期彻底矫治合并心内畸形可获满意疗效。     

Rare silent ischemic ventricular septal aneurysm and rupture: A multimodality diagnostic approach

A multimodality approach in addition to high level of clinical suspicion and thorough physical examination is important in the diagnosis and management of left ventricular aneurysm and rupture after a silent inferior infarction.     

Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm in two patients with subarterial ventricular septal defect

Summary Rupture of a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a rare, but life–threatening, event and requires immediate recognition and intervention. We present two previously healthy and physically active patients who were 12 and 33 years of age when rupture of a right coronary SVA into the right ventricle occurred. A subarterial ventricular septal defect (VSD) was detectable in both patients. Cardiac surgery involved VSD closure as well as reconstruction of the aortic valve. Considering complications of subarterial VSD, such as aortic cusp prolapse, aortic insufficiency or SVA, we suggest close follow–up and surgical closure of the VSD in case of any aortic valve deformity.     

室间隔缺损合并主动脉瓣脱垂及瓦氏窦瘤破裂的外科治疗

目的总结室间隔缺损合并主动脉瓣脱垂及瓦氏窦瘤破裂的治疗体会.方法 118例室间隔缺损患者中合并主动脉瓣脱垂80例,主动脉瓣关闭不全为（＋～＋＋＋）;合并瓦氏窦瘤破裂37例;合并动脉导管未闭3例,三尖瓣关闭不全4例;合并亚急性细菌性心内膜炎7例,合并主动脉-右心室通道1例.结果本组无术后早期死亡,无室间隔缺损残余分流,复查部分病例仍有主动脉瓣关闭不全（＋、＋＋）,2例亚急性细菌性心内膜炎术后3个月再次行主动脉瓣置换术.结论室间隔缺损合并主动脉瓣脱垂及瓦氏窦瘤破裂及早手术治疗总体效果好.术中加强心肌保护、正确处理是治疗     

房间隔膨出瘤及合并畸形52例临床报告

目的：探讨房间隔膨出瘤（IASA）合并畸形的诊断特征及治疗适应证。方法：32例IASA合并畸形的住院患者及20例孤立性IASA门诊随诊患者,经心电图（ECG）、胸片、体表超声（TTE）、食道超声（TEE）及心导管检查,选择外科开胸,内科介入及门诊随诊观察的IASA患者。结果：32例IASA合并畸形的住院患者,16例（50%）合并畸形行外科开胸手术治疗,其中7例合并多发性房间隔缺损（ASD）。16例（50%）IASA合并ASD行内科介入治疗,其中6例为多发性ASD。结论：IASA合并畸形最常见的为ASD,而ASD中多发性ASD较为常见,通过TTE及TEE准确诊断,选择内、外治疗适应证。     

Prenatal diagnosis of atrial septal aneurysm

We report the prenatal diagnosis of fetal atrial septal aneurysm based on the observation of a fluttering flap in the left atrium. The aneurysm was associated with an interatrial communication. In a 4-chamber view, separate arms of the aneurysm could be seen contracting in and extending out in response to the fetal cardiac cycle, giving the fluttering appearance of a jellyfish. The aneurysm disappeared 1 month after birth with no complications. The findings in this case indicate that isolated atrial septal aneurysm is a natural transient phase of spontaneous closure of the foramen ovale during normal fetal development.     

术前超声分型在膜部瘤型室间隔缺损介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨经胸彩色超声心动图在膜部瘤型室间隔缺损(VSD)介入治疗术前超声分型的临床应用价值。方法40例患者行经导管膜部瘤型VSD封堵术,经胸彩色超声心动图行术前筛选分型、术中监测及术后复查。术前超声检查将膜部瘤型VSD的解剖特点分为4种类型:1型为囊袋型,2型为漏斗型,3型为菜花型,4型为管状型。结果40例膜部瘤VSD中,囊袋型20例、漏斗型10例、菜花型4例及管状型6例,全部成功封堵,术中造影证实术前超声测量膜部瘤VSD部位、形态、大小(包括右室面缺损外口大小数目、左室面缺损内口、膜部瘤深度、宽度)与实际一致,封堵成功,5d后经胸超声检查未见残余分流。结论经胸彩色超声心动图在膜部瘤VSD分型封堵术前有着重要的应用价值。     

超声诊断乏式窦瘤破裂伴室间隔缺损1例

患者女,45岁,2年前出现活动后心累,1个月前症状加重,自诉口唇稍发绀,无胸闷、胸痛。体格检查:颈静脉无怒张,心率75次/min,心界稍向左下扩大,于胸骨左缘第三、四肋间闻及Ⅳ级全收缩期连续性杂音伴震颤。经胸超声心动图检查:左室及双房内径均增大;室间隔上份(紧邻主动脉瓣右冠瓣,大动脉短轴约11点)可探及连续性回声中断,宽约3 mm。右冠窦窦壁呈“囊袋”状凸入右室流出道,顶端破口约5 mm(图1),Sakakibara分类Ⅱ型;CDFI及频谱多普勒示右冠窦血流分流入右室流出道,分流信号为双期连续性;室间隔回声中断处探及收缩期左向右血流信号,伴少量三尖瓣反流及二尖瓣轻度脱垂(图2,3)。     

房间隔瘤的超声声像图特征

目的：探讨房间隔瘤（A SA）的超声声像图特点。方法：回顾性分析32例A SA的超声表现,总结其声像图特征。结果：在32例A SA的超声表现中,A SA突向右心房22例,突向左心房6例,随心动周期在两心房之间摆动4例。32例A SA患者中均未见血栓形成,未造成二尖瓣或三尖瓣梗阻。结论：A SA是由于房间隔结缔组织先天性缺陷或薄弱,或继发于心室流入道或流出道梗阻,而左、右心房之间存在压力阶差所致;超声检查简便、可重复,应列为首选的影像检查方法。     

国产对称型封堵器封堵膜部室间隔缺损的近期效果

目的:观察应用国产对称型膜部室间隔缺损封堵器介入治疗膜部室间隔缺损的即刻及近期效果。方法:纳入2003-08/2005-04安徽医科大学第一附属医院心内科的住院患者45例,经胸心脏超声和左心室造影明确确诊为膜部室间隔缺损。采取经左心系统-室间隔缺损-右心系统建立导丝轨道,再经股静脉沿导丝经输送鞘送入封堵器的介入方法实施封堵。术后即刻、72h及1个月行经胸心脏超声复查。观察疗效。术后1个月随访超声心动图多项血流动力学指标。结果:①42例成功封堵,全组技术成功率93%,术中未发生任何严重的并发症。②已行封堵的全部患者术后均无残余分流,术后即刻完全封堵率100%。术后72h及1个月经胸心脏超声检查无残余分流。③1例术后5d出现Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞并阿-斯发作,2例患者术后出现一过性交界性心动过速,1例出现阵发性房颤,10例出现发热,经处理后均恢复正常。④1个月后血流动力学指标改善,左房内径、左室舒张末期内径、左室收缩末期内径、三尖瓣返流量术后均小于术前[术后1个月:(3.23±0.32),(4.54±0.63),(3.04±0.37)mm,(20.53±5.6)mL;术前:(3.61±0.59),(5.12±0.54),(3.34±0.45)mm,(28.27±7.12)mL,P<0.05]。结论:应用国产对称型膜部室间隔缺损封堵器,介入治疗膜部室间隔缺损损伤小、成功率高、安全可靠。     

Postinfarction remodeling and left ventricular aneurysm

The degree of cardiac insufficiency, which to a large extent is determined by changes in the volume and geometric characteristics of the left ventricle (LV), is an important prognostic factor of survival of patients after myocardial infarction. The term "postinfarction LV remodeling" was introduced to describe processes that lead to its dysfunction. This process becomes most important when postinfarction LV aneurysm (LVA) is formed. Recent research into the role of LV structure and mechanics show the hemodynamic significance of postinfarction LVA, especially in cases of its substantial expansion onto the interventricular septum (IVS). That is why a clear concept of the hemodynamic significance of postinfarction LVA and the extent of IVS involvement in a case with a prominent disorder of stereometric characteristics is a key factor for both choice of the optimal tactics and prediction of the end result of treatment of this threatening complication of coronary heart disease.     

国产对称型封堵器封堵膜部室间隔缺损的近期效果

目的：观察应用国产对称型膜部室间隔缺损封堵器介入治疗膜部室间隔缺损的即刻及近期效果。 方法：纳入2003—08／2005—04安徽医科大学第一附属医院心内科的住院患者45例，经胸心脏超声和左心室造影明确确诊为膜部室间隔缺损。采取经左心系统-室间隔缺损-右心系统建立导丝轨道．再经股静脉沿导丝经输送鞘送入封堵器的介入方法实施封堵。术后即刻、72h及1个月行经胸心脏超声复查。观察疗效。术后1个月随访超声心动图多项血流动力学指标。 结果：①42例成功封堵，全组技术成功率93％，术中未发生任何严重的并发症。②已行封堵的全部患者术后均无残余分流．术后即刻完全封堵率100％。术后72h及1个月经胸心脏超声检查无残余分流。③1例术后5d出现Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞并阿-斯发作，2例患者术后出现一过性交界性心动过速，1例出现阵发性房颤，10例出现发热，经处理后均恢复正常。④1个月后血流动力学指标改善，左房内径、左室舒张末期内径、左室收缩末期内径、三尖瓣返流量术后均小于术前[术后1个月：（3．23&;#177;0．32），（4．54&;#177;0．63），（3．04&;#177;037）mm，（20．53&;#177;5．6）mL；术前：（3．61&;#177;0．59），（5．12&;#177;0．54），（3．34&;#177;0．45）mm．（28．27&;#177;7．12）mL，P〈0．05]。 结论：应用国产对称型膜部室间隔缺损封堵器，介入治疗膜部室间隔缺损损伤小、成功率高、安全可靠。