重症胰腺炎早期肠内营养支持的护理

目的讨论实施早期的肠内营养治疗对急性重症胰腺炎患者的护理及疗效评价.方法选取来我院就诊的急性重症胰腺炎患者62例,随机分为AB两组,A组35例,实施早期肠内营养;B组27例,采用肠外营养(TPN).对两组患者的疗效、并发症发生率以及平均住院天数进行比较.结果 A组患者对肠内营养的疗效优于B组,P<0.05,并发症以及住院天数均低于B组,P<0.05,差异均有明显的统计学意义.结论对于急性重症胰腺炎患者早期应实行肠内营养支持治疗加上个性化护理可取的满意的治疗效果,值得临床的推广应用.     

重症急性胰腺炎早期肠内营养支持护理分析

目的探讨分析重症急性胰腺炎早期肠内营养支持护理效果。方法选取2014年5月至2015年5月在我院消化内科就诊的86例重症急性胰腺炎患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和研究组,各43例。对照组患者给予早期肠内营养支持的常规护理,研究组在常规护理的基础上清洁肠道并给予综合护理干预。护理干预后,比较分析两组患者的护理效果以及对护理工作的满意度。结果与对照组患者相比,研究组患者在早期肠内营养支持护理干预后腹痛缓解时间、血清蛋白酶复常时间和平均住院时间均明显缩短,其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组患者对护理工作的满意度97.92%明显高于对照组的60.42%,且差异显著(P0.05)。结论重症急性胰腺炎早期肠内营养支持护理效果显著,提高患者的满意度,值得进一步推广其应用价值。     

心理护理在重症急性胰腺炎患者ICU护理过程中的应用

目的:探讨心理护理在胰腺炎患者ICU护理过程中的作用。方法:将我科2011年6月~2013年6月重症急性胰腺炎患者63例随机分为对照组33例和观察组30例。对照组患者给予重症急性胰腺炎的常规护理,而观察组在常规护理的基础上加强心理护理,将两组患者肠内营养开始时间、肠内营养耐受量、精神症状、平均ICU住院日进行比较[1]。结果:观察组患者观察指标均明显高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:重症急性胰腺炎患者在ICU护理过程中给予心理护理,有助于早期给予肠内营养,并能增加肠内营养量,减少精神症状,缩短ICU住院日。     

肠内外营养在重症胰腺炎治疗中疗效的临床对比

目的:肠内营养支持与胃肠外营养支持对急性重症胰腺炎(SAP)患者的临床疗效对比.方法:选取2012年1月至2015年11月我院救治的急性重症胰腺炎患者80例作为研究对象,分成观察组和对照组,两组患者入院后均给予常规治疗的同时分别给予肠内及肠外营养,比较两组患者的营养状况、局部和全身的并发症、病死率、住院天数及费用情况.结果:观察组患者局部和全身的并发症、病死率、住院天数及费用明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:早期进行肠内营养支持相比比肠外营养支持在重症急性胰腺炙的治疗上更有显著效果,值得临床推广使用.     

早期肠内营养联合清胰汤肠内滴注治疗急性重症胰腺炎患者疗效观察

目的:探讨早期肠内营养联合清胰汤肠内滴注治疗急性重症胰腺炎患者的疗效。方法:选取90例急性重症胰腺炎患者作为研究对象,按照数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各45例。对照组患者进行常规治疗;观察组患者则进行早期肠内营养联合清胰汤肠内滴注治疗;比较两组患者的治疗效果、血清淀粉酶变化情况以及血清C反应蛋白变化情况。结果:两组患者治疗后对比血清淀粉酶未发现明显差异,对比结果不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者血清C反应蛋白明显低于对照组,两组数据的对比结果具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者死亡率、住院时间及并发症发生率均明显低于对照组,两组数据的对比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:早期肠内营养联合清胰汤治疗重症胰腺炎疗效显著、并发症发生率较低,具有一定安全性,可有效提高患者的康复速度,值得推广应用。     

早期肠内复方谷氨酰胺治疗重症胰腺炎的疗效

目的：观察肠内营养液中加复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊对急性重症胰腺炎的疗效。方法将49例急性重症胰腺炎患者随机分为,治疗组26例,对照组23例,两组给予西药常规治疗,均在治疗第3天开始肠内营养,治疗组加复方谷氨酰胺。比较两组疗效及不良反应。结果治疗组肠道功能及APACHE II评分均优于对照组,感染率、住院天数均较对照组低（P〈0.05）,不良反应比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论早期肠内给予复方谷氨酰胺可以提高疗效,改善急性重症胰腺炎的预后。     

早期肠内营养联合双歧杆菌治疗急性胰腺炎对照研究

目的:观察早期肠内营养联合双歧杆菌治疗重度急性胰腺炎的临床疗效。方法:对64例确诊为重度急性胰腺炎的患者按入院时间顺序分成观察组和对照组各32例,其中对照组采取常规治疗方法,观察组在对照组的治疗基础上给予肠内营养联合双歧杆菌治疗。结果:观察组患者腹痛缓解时间、首次排便时间明显优于对照组,比较有统计学差异(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率明显低于对照组,比较有统计学差异(P<0.05);两组之间血尿淀粉酶恢复时间和治愈率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。治疗第7天两组患者血糖、血清总蛋白、血清白蛋白之间无统计学差异(P>0.05);但治疗后14 d观察组患者血糖明显低于对照组(P<0.05),其血清白蛋白、血清总蛋白明显高于对照组,比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:采取肠内营养联合双歧杆菌治疗急性胰腺炎不但可以加快腹痛缓解、减少并发症,也能够改善患者肠道营养状况,效果确切。     

肠道清洁和早期肠内营养在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的疗效

目的:讨论肠道清洁和早期肠内营养在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的疗效和护理方法。方法:选择重症急性胰腺炎并自愿接受本次研究的住院患者70例,根据处理手段的差异分为对照组和治疗组,每组35例。对照组应用常规方式进行治疗,治疗组应用肠道清洁以及早期肠内营养方式进行治疗,并为患者提供全面的护理,对两组的临床疗效以及护理效果进行比较。结果:治疗组临床疗效97.14%(34/35),对照组临床疗效88.57%(31/35),两组总有效率差异显著(P<0.01)。结论:肠道清洁和早期肠内营养在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的疗效明显。     

重症急性胰腺炎早期经鼻空肠管行肠内营养支持的护理效果观察

目的:探讨重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)早期经鼻空肠管行肠内营养支持的护理效果。方法:选择本院收治的88例重症急性胰腺炎患者作为研究对象,随机将其分为观察组和对照组,每组44例。观察组早期经鼻空肠管给予肠内营养支持及护理,对照组给予常规营养支持及护理。观察两组患者住院时、住院10 d、20 d的血清白蛋白和血红蛋白数值,比较并发症发生情况、住院时间及治疗费用。结果:两组住院时的血清白蛋白、血红蛋白水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。住院10 d后,观察组有1例中途退出,对照组有2例中途退出,住院20 d后,观察组有2例退出,对照组有2例退出。观察组住院10、20 d的血清白蛋白、血红蛋白水平均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的并发症发生率6.82%明显低于对照组的22.73%,差异有统计学意义(字2=4.4226,P=0.0355)。观察组的住院天数明显短于对照组,治疗费用明显少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)早期经鼻空肠管行肠内营养及护理,可有效缩短患者的住院天数,降低并发症发生率,减少住院费用,值得临床推广。     

早期肠内营养护理干预对急性重症胰腺炎患者的影响研究

目的探讨早期肠内营养护理干预对急性重症胰腺炎（SAP）患者的临床疗效。方法选取急性重症胰腺炎患者随机分成研究组和对照组,比较两组患者腹痛缓解、血清淀粉酶和白细胞复常的时间、并发症发生率以及住院天数。结果与对照组相比,研究组腹痛缓解、血清淀粉酶复常以及白细胞复常的时间均明显缩短、并发症发生率明显降低、住院时间明显缩短,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。讨论早期肠内营养支持能够提高急性重症胰腺炎患者的治疗效果,适于临床的广泛推广应用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.