国外医学领域模糊逻辑研究主题分析

目的：通过对国外医学领域模糊逻辑相关研究进行可视化分析,以期为国内学者开展医学领域模糊逻辑研究提供借鉴和参考。方法：计算机检索PubMed数据库获取模糊逻辑研究,采用书目共现分析系统(BICOMS-2)分析软件对发表时间、期刊、作者和主题词进行抽取和整理;采用NetDraw绘制作者和主题词社会网络分析图;采用gCLUTO 2.0软件对主题词进行聚类分析。结果：最终纳入3 951篇模糊逻辑研究、38个国家的10 027名作者和2个团队参与发表,发表地区之间存在不均衡性,国家之间缺乏合作,形成合作团队数量较少。研究主题主要集中在大脑核磁共振/乳腺肿瘤X射线的图像处理/解释;利用模糊逻辑/人工智能/计算机模型对肿瘤的生理检测/临床反馈两个方面。结论：医学领域模糊逻辑外文研究数量一直呈稳定增长的趋势,近几年发表数量有所下降;参与的作者和国家存在不平衡性,跨区域和国家间合作少见,作者之间的合作需进一步加强,地区交流有待进一步提高,研究主题仍需进一步拓展。     

基于文献计量学的近五年肝脏肿瘤分子影像学研究热点分析

目的从文献剂量学的视角对近五年肝脏肿瘤分子影像学领域的研究状况进行分析。方法下载PubMed数据库中近五年发表的肝脏肿瘤分子影像学研究文献题录,使用Bicomb 2.0软件统计分析文献的发表年代、来源期刊及期刊所属国家、第一作者以及高频主要主题词分布情况。对文献第一作者所属研究机构进行人工逐条统计分析。将出现频次≥2次的主要主题词作为高频主要主题词,建立词篇矩阵,使用SPSS 22.0软件进行聚类分析,得到该领域的研究热点。结果筛选出相关文献30篇,获得该领域研究热度趋势、来源期刊分布、各国研究热度等数据资料。高频主要主题词共计20个,通过对高频主要主题词进行聚类分析,得到4个主要研究热点方向。结论近五年肝脏肿瘤分子影像学研究热点主要集中在方法学、诊断、代谢与磁共振成像、病理学与治疗四个方向。     

EndNote在医学科研管理中的应用

目的 应用EndNote软件分析我院10年来SCI论文的发表情况和科研热点.方法 采用EndNote的统计功能,统计各年度发表论文数、作者发表论文数、关键词出现频次和热门期刊.结果 2001-2011年,我院发表的论文数量呈逐年上升趋势,知名专家发表论文次数较多,出现次数最多的关键词是"expression",大部分论文发表在中文期刊上.我院发表论文的研究方向主要集中在基因组学、分子生物学和疾病的临床研究方面.结论 EndNote可以方便快捷地统计批量文献,科研人员可以通过该软件方便地获得统计结果,并可以根据统计结果确定科研方向.     

国内外哮喘临床研究现状比较——基于SCI论文的计量分析

文章采用文献计量学方法,对1997~2009年哮喘临床研究领域发表在SCI上的研究论文进行了统计和数据挖掘,分别从论文发表的年代?地区?机构?学科和作者分布进行了分析,并就国内外的研究状况进行了比较,通过对被SCI收录的哮喘方面的研究论文的数量及引用情况?期刊分布和学科分布等因素的统计分析,揭示出国内外哮喘研究的现状和差距,以期为国内的哮喘研究提供参考?     

关于与肿瘤坏死因子相关的凋亡诱导配体研究文献分析

利用MEDLINE光盘数据库、中国生物医学文献光盘数据库及中文生物医学期刊数据库,检索有关肿瘤坏死因子相关的凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)研究的中外文文献,并对其年代与类型分布、语种与国家分布、期刊分布及主要主题词等方面进行统计分析.     

国际医学信息学领域大数据研究热点分析

基于Web of Science从发文年代、国家/地区和机构、核心作者及主要期刊分布几方面分析医学信息学学科大数据研究的现状和进展,借助软件对关键词进行聚类分析,发现研究热点主题主要集中在临床决策支持系统、临床研究数据管理、电子健康档案、转化生物信息学和遗传流行病学等方面。     

《中华肿瘤杂志》引文分析及核心期刊探讨

<正>引文分析自六十年代问世以来,受到了人们广泛重视。但在我国肿瘤学方面的报道甚少。本文对《中华肿瘤杂志》引文进行统计和分析,旨在找出我国肿瘤学方面学科论文的一般规律和某些参考结论。供医学图书情报部门和本专业人员参考。 对象和方法 《中华肿瘤杂志》是中华医学会主办的系列期刊之一,其刊载的论文基本上反映了肿瘤病研究的学术水平和发展动向,在国内外享有较高的声誉,拥有广泛的作者和读者队伍。本文以其为分析对象,将它1990～1994年发表的在基础研究、临床研究方面的所有论著,以篇为单位,就引文数量、语种、类型和年代分布、半衰期、刊     

基于文献计量学方法的中国医科大学基础医学院科研活动的分析

目的回顾和总结我校基础医学院科研活动的历史和现状,为科研人员和科研管理部门提供参考.方法 运用文献计量学研究方法对检索到的中国医科大学基础医学院1978-2006年29年间发表的论文,按照年代、作者、期刊、教研室、关键词等5个方面进行统计分析.结果 1978-2006年基础医学院总体发文量呈指数增长趋势,病理、病原生物、解剖、生物化学教研室发文量位居前列,基础医学院发表论文期刊主要以该校学报为主,发文量在100篇以上的作者有5位,此期间基础医学院的研究热点为:免疫组织化学和基因.结论近年来基础医学院发表论文数量处于稳步上升阶段,病理、病原生物、解剖、生物化学在基础医学院科研活动中占有重要地位,但发表论文的质量有待提高,基础医学院在重视优势学科建设的同时应兼顾弱势学科的发展.     

基于CiteSpace的糖尿病胃轻瘫相关研究的可视化分析

目的 基于CiteSpace对糖尿病胃轻瘫领域的相关文献进行可视化分析,为该领域的研究提供借鉴。方法 检索CNKI中已发表的有关糖尿病胃轻瘫的文献,检索时间范围为2000年1月至2020年10月。采用CiteSpace 5.7.R1软件对纳入文献的作者、研究机构和关键词进行可视化分析。结果 本研究最终收录文献1 713篇,其中发文量≥5篇的作者12名,发文量最多的机构是湖南中医药大学,发文13篇。关键词共现聚类共有12个,关键词突现14个。研究热点主要涉及临床研究：中医药疗法、中西医结合疗法;基础研究：大鼠、Cajal间质细胞;胃肠激素：胃动素、胃泌素。结论 糖尿病胃轻瘫领域作者与研究机构合作力度较低,研究热点主要涉及临床研究、基础研究、胃肠激素,未来的研究趋势仍可能是临床研究。     

多肿瘤抑制基因研究的文献分析

本文利用MEDLINE光盘数据库,检索有关多肿瘤抑制基因(P16)研究的文献,对检索结果的年代分布、语种分布、国家分布、期刊分布及1996年以来相关文献的主要主题词等五个方面进行了统计分析。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.