CAC-DRS: Coronary Artery Calcium Data and Reporting System. An expert consensus document of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT)

The goal of CAC-DRS: Coronary Artery Calcium Data and Reporting System is to create a standardized method to communicate findings of CAC scanning on all noncontrast CT scans, irrespective of the indication, in order to facilitate clinical decision-making, with recommendations for subsequent patient management. The CAC-DRS classification is applied on a per-patient basis and represents the total calcium score and the number of involved arteries. General recommendations are provided for further management of patients with different degrees of calcified plaque burden based on CAC-DRS classification. In addition, CAC-DRS will provide a framework of standardization that may benefit quality assurance and tracking patient outcomes with the potential to ultimately result in improved quality of care.     

自由呼吸状态下冠状动脉CT造影可行性研究

目的 探讨自由呼吸、不屏气状态下,利用256-MDCT行冠状动脉造影的可行性.方法 80例受检者随机分为两组:A组40例,扫描时须受检者屏气配合;B组40例,检查全过程无屏气口令,受检者自由呼吸.比较两组图像噪声水平、信噪比、主观评分(3分制:3分最佳,2分尚可,1分不能满足诊断)、辐射剂量.比较两组增强扫描前后心率变化程度.结果 两组间噪声水平、信噪比、辐射剂量均无统计学差异.增强扫描前与增强扫描中心率差异:A组(6.80±7.59)bpm,B组(3.03 ±2.58)bpm(P =0.012).图像质量主观评分:A组(2.55±0.64)分,B组(2.85 ±0.36)分(P=0.018).两种扫描模式相比,自由呼吸状态心率变化较小,检查效果更佳.结论 针对本研究中使用的设备及扫描方案,自由呼吸状态下行CCTA检查,效果优于屏气状态下检查.     

256层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像与冠状动脉造影对比分析

目的 探讨256层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像(CTA)在冠心病诊断中的价值并与冠状动脉造影(ICA)结果比较.资料与方法 回顾性分析93例临床疑似和诊断为冠心病患者的影像资料,行256层螺旋CTA和常规ICA.管腔狭窄程度≥50％作为明显狭窄的诊断结果,检查结果与常规ICA结果对比分析,共分析了93例患者的372支血管共1349个可评估血管节段,ICA共发现215处狭窄.采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)评价CTA相对于ICA诊断的准确性.结果 基于患者分析中,CTA对冠状动脉狭窄诊断的AUC为0.767(95％可信区间为0.578～0.956),敏感性为98.8％,特异性为54.5％,阳性预测值(PPV)为94.2％,阴性预测值(NPV)为85.7％;基于血管分析中,CTA对冠状动脉狭窄诊断的AUC为0.921(95％可信区间为0.888 ～0.954),敏感性为93.4％,特异性为90.8％,PPV为83.1％,NPV为96.6％;基于血管节段分析中,CTA对冠状动脉狭窄诊断的AUC为0.948(95％可信区间为0.927～0.969),敏感性为93.0％,特异性为96.6％,PPV为83.7％,NPV为98.6％.CTA对心率＞70次/min和心率≤70次/min患者的冠状动脉狭窄诊断的AUC分别为0.951(95％可信区间为0.929 ～ 0.974)和0.964(95％可信区间为0.927 ～1.000).结论 256层螺旋CTA作为无创的检查对血管狭窄诊断的敏感性高,有较高的预测价值;检查受心率影响较小,无需控制心率,可以作为冠心病患者早期筛查的可靠方法.     

2020 SCCT Guideline for Training Cardiology and Radiology Trainees as Independent Practitioners (Level II) and Advanced Practitioners (Level III) in Cardiovascular Computed Tomography: A Statement from the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography

Cardiovascular computed tomography (CCT) is a well-validated non-invasive imaging tool with an ever-expanding array of applications beyond the assessment of coronary artery disease. These include the evaluation of structural heart diseases, congenital heart diseases, peri-procedural electrophysiology applications, and the functional evaluation of ischemia. This breadth requires a robust and diverse training curriculum to ensure graduates of CCT training programs meet minimum competency standards for independent CCT interpretation. This statement from the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography aims to supplement existing societal training guidelines by providing a curriculum and competency framework to inform the development of a comprehensive, integrated training experience for cardiology and radiology trainees in CCT.     

CT冠状动脉成像诊断心肌桥的价值:与传统冠状动脉造影对照分析

目的 对比分析均行CT冠状动脉成像(CTCA)和传统冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查患者的影像学资料,探讨CTCA对心肌桥诊断的临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析83例同时行CTCA及CAG检查患者的影像学资料.图像分析采用双盲法,由两名放射科诊断医师及两位介入科医师分别在不知道CTCA及CAG诊断结果的前提下协商作出心肌桥的诊断,计算CTCA及CAG对心肌桥的检出率并采用x2检验进行比较.结果 83例患者中CTCA显示41例共48处心肌桥,检出率为49.40％,CAG显示19例共19处冠状动脉“挤牛奶”效应,检出率为22.89％.与CTCA对照,CAG显示的19处心肌桥与其位置一致,其中15处为完全性心肌桥,4处为不完全心肌桥.CTCA对心肌桥的检出率高于CAG(x2=12.633,P＜0.001).结论 CTCA能多方位、直观显示冠状动脉与心肌的解剖关系,对心肌桥的显示优于CAG,且具有无创检查的优点.     

Coronary Artery Lumen Segmentation Using Location–Adaptive Threshold in Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography: A Proof-of-Concept

ObjectiveTo compare the lumen parameters measured by the location-adaptive threshold method (LATM), in which the inter- and intra-scan attenuation variabilities of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) were corrected, and the scan-adaptive threshold method (SATM), in which only the inter-scan variability was corrected, with the reference standard measurement by intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS).Materials and MethodsThe Hounsfield unit (HU) values of whole voxels and the centerline in each of the cross-sections of the 22 target coronary artery segments were obtained from 15 patients between March 2009 and June 2010, in addition to the corresponding voxel size. Lumen volume was calculated mathematically as the voxel volume multiplied by the number of voxels with HU within a given range, defined as the lumen for each method, and compared with the IVUS-derived reference standard. Subgroup analysis of the lumen area was performed to investigate the effect of lumen size on the studied methods. Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate the agreement between the measurements.ResultsLumen volumes measured by SATM was significantly smaller than that measured by IVUS (mean difference, 14.6 mm³; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.9–24.3 mm³); the lumen volumes measured by LATM and IVUS were not significantly different (mean difference, −0.7 mm³; 95% CI, −9.1–7.7 mm³). The lumen area measured by SATM was significantly smaller than that measured by LATM in the smaller lumen area group (mean of difference, 1.07 mm²; 95% CI, 0.89–1.25 mm²) but not in the larger lumen area group (mean of difference, −0.07 mm²; 95% CI, −0.22–0.08 mm²). In the smaller lumen group, the mean difference was lower in the Bland-Altman plot of IVUS and LATM (0.46 mm²; 95% CI, 0.27–0.65 mm²) than in that of IVUS and SATM (1.53 mm²; 95% CI, 1.27–1.79 mm²).ConclusionSATM underestimated the lumen parameters for computed lumen segmentation in CCTA, and this may be overcome by using LATM.     

解读国际心血管CT协会“CAD-RADS冠状动脉病变报告和数据系统”

随着CT技术的飞速发展,冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)的应用越来越普遍,CCTA诊断报告的影像学术语和评价内容的标准化成为迫切需要解决的问题。对国际心血管CT协会的冠状动脉病变报告和数据系统(CAD-RADS)进行深入解读,学习其标准化的影像学术语和评价内容,有助于为临床提供更多、更明确的信息,指导医生制定下一步诊疗计划,甚至更好地评估治疗方案对病人预后的影响。