非小细胞肺癌脑转移预后影响因素

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌脑转移的生存情况及预后影响因素。方法选取我院2014年6月至2018年12月确诊139例非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者,收集临床资料并随访生存时间。运用Kaplan-Meier法对每个临床因素的不同水平进行生存分析,Log-rank法进行生存曲线的比较。采用单因素、多因素分析方法来筛选非小细胞肺癌脑转移的预后影响因素。结果本研究139例患者中位生存时间为11.2个月,对症支持组、全脑放疗组、靶向治疗组、全脑放疗+靶向治疗组、全脑放疗+化疗+靶向治疗组分别为8.1个月、10.1个月、14.6个月、16.7个月、23.4个月。单因素分析显示病理类型、发生脑转移的时间、EGFR突变的状态、RPA分级以及治疗方式对非小细胞肺癌脑转移的发生有显著影响作用。多因素分析表明KPS评分、RPA分级、治疗方法、发生脑转移的时间及EGFR突变状态是影响生存期的独立预后因素。结论经积极治疗(化疗+全脑放疗+靶向治疗)脑转移瘤患者可以获得更长生存期,高KPS评分、RPA I级、异时性脑转移及EGFR敏感突变型是非小细胞肺癌脑转移的预后良好因素。     

非小细胞肺癌脑转移同步放化疗疗效分析

目的总结非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2005年1月～2007年12月我科对56例NSCLC脑转移患者采用放化疗同步治疗的近期疗效及副反应。结果非小细胞肺癌脑转移同步放化疗近期疗效较好,中位生存期12月,1年生存率50%。结论同步放化疗有较好的协同作用,延长了患者的生存时间,提高了生存质量。     

60例肺癌脑转移瘤患者生存与预后分析

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌脑转移不同治疗方案的疗效。方法分析60例肺癌脑转移患者的临床特点。结果单因素分析结果提示原发病治疗方法、脑部放疗方式、T分期、颅外转移数目对患者生存期有影响(P<0.05)。全脑放疗联合全身化疗优于单纯放化疗。Cox模型多因素分析显示脑转移瘤不同治疗方案为独立预后因素(P=0.0001)。结论脑转移瘤不同治疗方案是影响预后的独立预后因素,积极的多学科综合治疗疗效优于单纯全脑放疗。     

胸部放疗剂量对诱导化疗后未进展ES-SCLC患者临床预后的影响

目的探讨胸部放疗剂量对诱导化疗后未进展ES-SCLC患者临床预后的影响。方法回顾性分析我院2010年1月-2015年12月收治诱导化疗后未进展ES-SCLC患者共108例临床资料,其中18例单纯接受化疗,90例则加用胸部放疗;同时根据放疗剂量进行分组,比较不同组,中位总生存时间和无进展生存时间,采用Cox回归模型分析临床预后影响因素。结果:①放疗组患者中位总生存时间和无进展生存时间显著长于化疗组(P<0.05);②放疗B组,中位总生存时间显著长于化疗组(P<0.05);放疗C组和放疗D组总生存时间和无进展生存时间均显著长于放疗A组、放疗B组、化疗组(P<0.05);③单因素分析结果显示,同步放化疗、肝或骨转移、病灶转移数量及放疗剂量,是患者总生存时间预后影响因素(P<0.05);同时病灶转移数目和放疗剂量是患者无进展生存时间预后影响因素(P<0.05)。Cox回归模型分析结果显示,同步放化疗、病灶转移数量及放疗剂量是患者总生存时间预后独立影响因素(P<0.05);病灶转移数量和放疗剂量是患者无进展时间独立影响因素(P<0.05);④倾向性评分匹配因素包括年龄、吸烟、KPS评分、体重减轻,转移灶个数、转移器官个数、脑转移、肝骨转移、同步放化疗、放疗时机、分割方式及脑预防;倾向性评分匹配分析结果显示,高剂量放疗患者中位总生存时间和无进展生存时间均显著长于低剂量放疗患者(P<0.05)。结论诱导化疗后未进展ES-SCLC患者加用胸部放疗有助于改善临床预后,同时给予49.5~53.7Gy放疗剂量在延长生存时间方面更具优势,在此基础上增加或减少放疗剂量均未明显增加生存获益。     

非小细胞肺癌脑转移放化疗联合的疗效观察

目的比较非小细胞肺癌脑转移同步放化疗及序贯放化疗的近期疗效和1年生存率。方法同步放化组:脑放疗36GY后给予顺铂为主的方案化疗。序贯放化组:脑放疗结束后序贯顺铂为主的方案化疗。结果两组的脑转移灶及胸部原发灶的有效率均无统计学差异(P0.05);1年生存率分别为83.3%及79.4%(P0.05);中位PFS分别为13.8个月及11.2个月;中位生存时间(OS)分别为19.5个月及16.5个月。骨髓抑制、恶心呕吐和头晕头痛发生率分别为90%、100%、100%及76.4%、91.2%、97.1%。结论非小细胞肺癌脑转移同步放化疗比较序贯放化疗,前者的近期疗效及1年生存率均有升高的趋势,且毒副反应可耐受。     

非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者预后多因素Cox回归分析

目的探讨影响非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)脑转移患者生存时间的因素。方法回顾性分析我院收治的NSCLC脑转移并行头颅放疗患者302例,其中资料完整者171例进行分析。采用SPSS13.0统计软件行影响生存期的单因素及多因素Cox风险比例模型回归分析。探讨患者的临床特征及放疗方式等因素对患者生存期的影响。结果全组患者中位生存期为8.8(95%CI:7.2~10.3)个月;单因素分析显示:PS评分(P=0.002)、脑转移数量(P=0.023)、脑转移时间(P=0.031)、放疗方式(P=0.041)和肺癌是否切除(P=0.002)与患者预后有关;Cox多元回归分析显示:PS评分(P=0.04)和肺癌是否手术切除(P=0.04)为脑转移患者独立预后因素而与脑转移数量(P=0.65)、脑转移时间(P=0.71)、放疗方式(P=0.91)等因素无关。结论 NSCLC脑转移整体预后较差,手术切除肺部肿瘤且体力评分较好患者预后相对较好。     

影响非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者放射治疗后生存的临床相关因素分析

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）脑转移患者放射治疗后的预后转归及影响患者生存期的相关因素.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2010年11月在我院诊治的NSCLC脑转移放疗后103例患者的资料.采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,以Log-Rank检验比较各亚组生存率差异,采用风险比例模型（COX模型）进行多因素生存相关危险因素分析.结果 103例NSCLC脑转移放疗后患者总体生存期为1～68个月;中位生存期为10个月（95％CI：7.231～ 12.769个月）,1年生存率为46.0％,2年生存率为22.0％;COX多因素分析结果 显示：体能状态评分（ECOG）、分级预后评估指数（GPA）是影响患者生存率的独立预后因素（P =0.024,P=0.000）.Log-Rank检验行GPA亚组分析显示,4组间生存曲线有显著性差异（P=0.000）.结论 ECOG评分、GPA是影响NSCLC脑转移放疗后患者生存率的独立预后因素;GPA指数模型可以反映放射治疗后NSCLC脑转移患者的预后.     

119例局部晚期非小细胞肺癌放化疗后预后分析

目的分析局部晚期非小细胞肺癌放化疗后预后影响因素。方法病例选自我院2009年3月至2013年2月首次确诊的119例局部晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者,对所有患者病例资料行回顾性分析,放疗设备为Elekta-6Mv X线直线加速器,放疗方案采用三维适形放疗(3DCRT)或调强放疗(IMRT),放疗剂量为60-70Gy,同步放化疗剂量60Gy,化疗方案为"多西紫杉醇+顺铂或培美曲塞+顺铂",所有患者均给予4-6周期化疗,后进入随访阶段;统计学采用Kaplan Meier法计算总生存率(OS),对可能影响患者预后生存的单因素行分析(Log-Rank检验),P0.05的单因素行Cox回归多因素分析。结果全组患者1年、2年、3年总生存率(OS)分别为:69.7%、46.2%、16.8%,中位生存时间为22个月。单因素研究结果提示放疗方案、吸烟、肿瘤分期、治疗方案为影响患者生存的主要因素(P=0.016、0.000、0.002、0.001),对有统计学意义的单因素行Cox多因素分析,发现吸烟、肿瘤分期、治疗方案为影响预后生存的独立危险因素(P=0.001、0.002、0.047)。结论同步放化疗、ⅢA期、无吸烟史的局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者总生存率较佳。     

非小细胞肺癌手术联合放化疗的临床研究

目的分析非小细胞肺癌手术联合放化疗的预后及影响因素。方法选择我院就诊的90例非小细胞肺癌患者,分为化疗组、放疗组和同期放化疗组,随访三组患者的生存时间,并观察患者生存时间的影响因素。结果化疗组、放疗组和化疗联合放疗组患者的平均生存时间,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),单因素分析年龄、肿瘤切除方法、肿瘤分期、肿瘤分化程度、肿瘤病理类型、肿瘤周边组织的病理报告结果阳性指标以及口服四君子汤加减中药对患者生存时间有影响(P0.05)。结论非小细胞肺癌患者术后不同的辅助治疗方式对于患者的生存时间有影响,另外对生存时间造成影响的因素有肿瘤切除方法、肿瘤分期、肿瘤分化程度、切除肿瘤周围病理报告结果阳性以及口服四君子汤加减辅助治疗。     

同步放化疗与序贯放化疗治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效比较

目的探讨同步放化疗与序贯放化疗治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效及安全性。方法对我院住院治疗的86例Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌患者临床资料进行分析。86例患者中行同步放化疗者46例,行序贯放化疗者40例。比较两组近期疗效、中位生存时间及毒副反应。结果同步放化疗组与序贯放化疗组患者治疗有效率(CR+PR)分别为69.6%和50.0%,差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05);同步放化疗组中位生存时间显著优于序贯放化疗组(P<0.05);骨髓抑制、放射性食管炎、消化道反应及放射性肺炎是两组的主要毒副反应,同步放化疗组患者Ⅲ～Ⅳ级不良反应发生率高于序贯放化疗组,但两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与序贯放化疗相比,同步放化疗可显著提高Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效,延长生存期。     

短程全脑放疗在非小细胞肺癌脑转移病人中的疗效观察

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌脑转移病人的全脑放疗的疗程以及影响其预后的因素。方法分析101例非小细胞肺癌脑转移全脑放疗病人，其中35例接受5天5×4GY的放疗，另外66例接受2周10×3GY或4周20×2GY的放疗，同时观察6个可能影响预后的因素：包括年龄、性别、KPS、脑转移灶数、是否有颅外转移灶、肺癌确诊到全脑放疗时间、递归分割分析级别。结果全脑放疗的疗程与生存率没有相关性，通过单变量分析：（年龄〈60岁：年龄≥60岁，P=0．020）、（KPS≥70：KPS〈70P〈0．001）、肿瘤确诊到接受全脑放疗时间（〉12月：≤12月P=0．007）、有无颅外转移（P〈0．001），提高生存率与这些因素有显著相关性。结论短程的5×4GY更容易被大部分非小细胞肺癌脑转移病人所接受，因为它与长程放疗生存率相似，短程放疗节约治疗时间、节省治疗费用。     

Late survival of non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases. Influence of treatment.

The presence of brain metastasis in lung cancer patients is a highly unfavorable event that usually allows only palliative treatment. A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic factors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) associated with brain metastases. From July 1984 through June 1990, a total of 50 patients with NSCLC associated with symptomatic brain metastasis seen at National Taiwan University Hospital were included. Patients who had incomplete cancer staging workup or loss of follow-up were excluded. Several possible prognostic variables were analyzed initially with univariate analysis and subsequently with multivariate analysis with maximal partial likelihood ratio test in the Cox model. In the univariate analysis, several factors, including number of brain metastases, treatment for brain metastasis with brain tumor resection (BTR) or whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), and chemotherapy (C/T) after brain metastasis were found to have significant influence on the survival. However, in the multivariate analysis, patients receiving BTR, WBRT, and/or C/T lived significantly longer. The median survival of patients treated with BTR was nine months, eight months in patients with C/T, and seven months in patients with WBRT. Taken together, these patients had a median survival of seven months, which was significantly longer than patients treated with supportive care only (with a median survival of two months). Treatment of brain metastases with WBRT, BTR, C/T, or in combinations also improved the quality of life. We conclude that NSCLC patients with brain metastases should be more aggressively treated with WBRT, BTR, C/T, or in combinations than supportive care only.     

局限期小细胞肺癌同期放化疗31例疗效观察

目的分析同期放、化疗在局限期小细胞肺癌（LS—SCLC）治疗中的可行性、效果和放射损伤情况。方法31例LS—SCLC同期放、化疗患者中，28例采用EP（顺铂＋足叶乙苷）方案化疗＋放疗，3例采用CE（卡铂＋足叶乙苷）方案化疗＋放疗。放疗单次剂量2Gy，每周5次，总剂量40：6QGy。化疗采用顺铂（DDP）或卡铂（CBP）＋足叶乙苷（VP-16）为主的方案，4～6个周期。13例达到CR患者进行全脑预防性照射（PCI）。结果（1）全组患者完全缓解（CR）率为41．9％，部分缓解（PR）率为38．7％，有效率为80．6％。1、3、5年生存率分别为60．1％、35％和13．8％，中位生存时问为17个月。PCI患者中脑转移率为7．17％（1／13）。（2）2级急性放射性肺损伤占6．5％（2／31），2级急性放射性食管损伤占6．5％（2／31），2级晚期放射性肺损伤占9．7％（3／31），尚未出现2级以上急性放射性肺和食管损伤。结论EP／CE化疗同期放射治疗用于LS—SCLC是可行的，患者能够获得较好的近期疗效和生存率，放化疗副反应尚能耐受，对于达到CR的LS—SCLC患者行PCI可以降低脑转移率。     

唑来膦酸联合培美曲塞方案治疗非小细胞肺癌骨转移疗效研究

目的观察唑来膦酸联合培美曲塞治疗非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）骨转移的疗效。方法 60例NSCLC骨转移患者,随机分为两组,分别为唑来膦酸组30例,对照组30例。唑来膦酸组接受唑来膦酸联合培美曲塞方案化疗,对照组为单纯培美曲塞方案化疗。结果两组肺部原发病灶有效率,唑来膦酸组有效率（CR＋PR）16.7%,疾病控制率（CR＋PR＋SD）60.0%;对照组有效率（CR＋PR）13.3%,疾病控制率（CR＋PR＋SD）53.3%。总体平均生存期7.5个月（2～17个月）,中位生存期唑来膦酸组7个月,对照组6个月。骨病灶控制唑来膦酸组的有效率（CR＋PR）40.0%,控制率（CR＋PR＋NC）83.3%,而对照组有效率13.3%,控制率36.7%。差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。骨转移疼痛缓解率唑来膦酸组79.2%,对照组45.8%。有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论唑来膦酸联合培美曲塞方案化疗对NSCLC骨转移不仅有较好的止痛作用,而且提高化疗疗效,是一种较佳的值得推广的临床选择方案。     

Surgical treatment for extrahepatic recurrence after hepatectomy for colorectal metastases

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recurrence of the remnant liver or extrahepatic sites after hepatic resection for colorectal metastases is concerned as a significant prognostic factor. While regional chemotherapy may reduce recurrence of the liver, appropriate therapy for extrahepatic metastases needs to be elucidated. METHODOLOGY: We identified 207 patients undergoing hepatectomy for colorectal metastases. Patient characteristics, clinicopathological features, sites of extrahepatic recurrence, and outcome are examined. RESULTS: Recurrence of the lung, brain, bone, and other site after hepatic resection was seen in 49, 8, 8, and 12 cases, respectively. Fourteen patients underwent pulmonary resection, and three patients are alive and disease-free survival was 35, 79, and 128 months after the second resection. Overall 2- and 5-year survival was 64 and 18%. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that time and number of pulmonary metastases, and serum CEA levels are independent prognostic factors. Surgical resection for brain metastasis was only in one case who survived for 31 months. Other treatment such as gamma-knife may not improve outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Both hepatic and pulmonary resection for colorectal metastases could prolong survival in selected patients. Surgical indication for other extrahepatic metastases must be strictly selected, although resection of brain metastasis might lead to better outcome.     

Concurrent vs sequential chemoradiotherapy for patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background:Chemotherapy in combination with thoracic radiotherapy yields significant results in patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared with thoracic radiotherapy alone. However, whether concurrent or sequential delivery of chemotherapy combined with thoracic radiotherapy is optimal remains unclear. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of concurrent vs sequential chemoradiotherapy in patients with NSCLC.Methods:PubMed, EmBase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for RCTs focusing on concurrent and sequential chemoradiotherapy for patients with NSCLC. The pooled-effect estimate was calculated using the random-effects model. Sensitivity, subgroup, and publication biases were also evaluated. A total of 14 RCTs (2634 patients with NSCLC) were selected for the final meta-analysis.Results:Compared with sequential chemoradiotherapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy did not increase the 1-year survival rates; however, concurrent chemoradiotherapy significantly increased the 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year survival rates. Moreover, although there were no significant differences between concurrent and sequential chemoradiotherapy in terms of distant relapse and locoregional plus distant relapse, concurrent chemoradiotherapy significantly reduced the risk of locoregional relapse. Furthermore, concurrent chemoradiotherapy yielded positive results with respect to overall response rates. Unfortunately, concurrent chemoradiotherapy could result in esophagitis, nausea/vomiting, and reduced leukocyte and platelet counts in patients with NSCLC.Conclusion:Compared with sequential chemoradiotherapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy may be significantly beneficial in terms of long-term survival and locoregional relapse, although it increases the risk of grade 3 (or greater) adverse events.     

Factors affecting the prognosis in patients with primary lung cancer and brain metastases

Brain metastases are frequent features during the course of patients with lung carcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate prognostic factors for patients with brain metastasis from lung cancer. Eighty-eight patients with brain metastasis from lung cancer were enrolled in the study. Eighty-two of cases were male, six were female and the mean age was 57.5 +/- 10.4 years. The most common symptoms were headache (32.9%) and dizziness (32.9%). Fifty-two (59.1%) patients had solitary brain metastasis and the most frequent metastasing site was parietal lobe (34.1%). The median survival times were 3 months after diagnosis of lung carcinoma and 1.5 months after diagnosis of brain metastasis. Although the absence of brain metastasis at the moment of diagnosis, metachronous metastasis, central localization of the tumour, chemotherapy administration and surgical treatment of brain metastasis are good prognostic factors affecting survival after the diagnosis of lung carcinoma, the positive factors affecting survival after brain metastasis are central localization of tumour, chemotherapy administration and surgical treatment of brain metastasis. In conclusion, performing the combination of cranial radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgical therapy and supporting therapy should be evaluated in all appropriate patients with brain metastasis from lung cancer.     

血清NTx和BSP测定在非小细胞肺癌骨转移诊断中的价值

目的探讨骨唾液酸蛋白（BSP）和血清Ⅰ型胶原交联氨基末端肽（NTx）测定在非小细胞肺癌骨转移诊断中的临床意义。方法将67例肺癌患者初诊时分为骨转移组和无骨转移组,其中骨转移组32例,非骨转移组35例,并采用ELISA法对血清中NTx和BSP水平进行检测。初诊后12个月对肺癌患者骨转移情况采用影像学检查进行再次评估。结果与无骨转移组相比,骨转移组血清NTX和BSP含量显著升高（P〈0.01）。10例初诊为无骨转移者在随访过程中新发生骨转移癌。与无骨转移组相比,新发骨转移癌组和初诊骨转移组NTx和BSP含量均显著提高（P〈0.05）。结论血清NTx和BSP可用于非小细胞肺癌骨转移诊断,其含量的增高提示非小细胞肺癌患者可能发生了骨转移,从而有利于早期治疗。