共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 603 毫秒
1.
目的:利用HPLC法测定栽培河套大黄根、茎、叶中游离蒽醌的含量。方法:采用Agilent Zorbax SB-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-0.1%磷酸(85:15)为流动相,流速:1.0mL·min^-1,检测波长为254nm,理论板数按大黄素峰计算不低于3000。结果:芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚5种成分的线性范围分别为0.046-0.232峭(r=0.9998)、0.069-0.343μg(r=0.9999)、0.063-0.314μg(r=0.9995)、0.060-0.298μg(r=0.9994)、0.032-0.161μg(r=0.9997)。河套大黄样品1(根)中上述5种成分的回收率(n=6)分别为97.31%(RSD为1.3%),96.73%(RSD为2.2%),98.85%(RSD为1.9%),98.96%(RSD为1.0%),98.11%(RSD为2.3%)。河套大黄根中上述5种成分的含量依次为0.42%-0.48%,0.06%-0.08%,0.40%-0.47%,1.90%-2.40%,0.44%-0.62%;茎中的含量依次为0,0,0.08%-0.1%,0.01%,0.03%-0.06%;叶中的含量依次为:0.01%,0,0.62%-0.90%,0.01%,0.05%-0.07%。结论:栽培河套大黄根、茎、叶中均含有游离蒽醌,其中根的含量最高,叶次之,茎最少;根中游离蒽醌最高为大黄酚,其次为大黄素甲醚,芦荟大黄素与大黄素的含量基本相同,大黄酸的含量最低。可针对河套大黄中含量较高的游离蒽醌进行开发。 相似文献
2.
HPLC法测定乙肝康复灵胶囊中齐墩果酸及大黄素的含量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:建立HPLC法测定乙肝康复灵胶囊中齐墩果酸和大黄素的含量。方法:色谱柱为Phenomenex Luna C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-0.1%磷酸(70:30);流速1.0mL·min^-1;检测波长:齐墩果酸205nm、大黄素254nm。结果:齐墩果酸和大黄素的线性范围分别为4.74~47.36μg(r=0.9999),0.59~5.86μg(r=1.000);平均回收率(n=9)分别为99.9%,100.6%。结论:本法灵敏、简便、准确,可用于乙肝康复灵胶囊的测定和质量控制。 相似文献
3.
目的:建立测定胆康片中大黄素、大黄酚含量的HPLC方法。方法:色谱柱为Waters ODS C18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(85:15),流速为1.0ml·min^-1,检测波长为254nm。结果:大黄素的线性范围为0.03~0.21μg(r=0.9999)、大黄酚的线性范围为0.06~0.50μg(r=0.9998),大黄素平均回收率为97.9%、RSD为0.2%(n=6),大黄酚平均回收率为97.6%、RSD为0.4%(n=6)。结论:建立的方法简便、重复性好,可用于胆康片中大黄素、大黄酚的含量测定。 相似文献
4.
高效液相色谱法测定复方丹参宁脑片中大黄素的含量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定复方丹参宁脑片中大黄素含量的方法。方法:采用HPLC法,色谱柱:Lichrospher C18(4.6mm×200mm,5μm),流动相:乙腈-水-冰醋酸(60:40:1),流速:1.0mL·min^-1,检测波长:437nm。结果:大黄素在0.0503~0.8444μg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,r=0.9999.平均回收率为98.58%,RSD为0.72%。结论:本方法简便、快速、分离效果好。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
目的建立首乌藤中大黄素含量测定方法,并比较不同产地首乌藤的大黄素含量。方法采用酸水解和氯仿回流提取方法制备供试品溶液,用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定首乌藤药材的大黄素含量。流动相为甲醇-0.2mol/L磷酸二氢钠溶液(80:20,用磷酸调pH值至3.0),检测波长为444nm,灵敏度为1.0AUFS。结果大黄素进样量在0.046~0.152μg范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9996),加样回收率为98.94%,RSD=0.93%(n=6)。江苏(两批次)、贵州、河南、湖北产首乌藤药材的大黄素含量分别为0.0756%,0.0504%,0.1721%,0.0184%,0.055%。结论不同产地的首乌藤药材的大黄素含量差异显著。 相似文献
8.
目的:建立大黄泻火滴丸中大黄素的含量测定测定方法。方法:采用RP—HPLC法测定大黄素的含量。色谱柱为ZORBAXXDB—C18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),以甲醇-水-磷酸(80:20:0.1)为流动相,检测波长445nm,柱温为室温,流速为1.0ml·min-1。结果:大黄素在0.01—0.10λg与峰面积有良好的线性关系r=0.9997,平均回收率为99.1%(RSD=1.34%)。结论:方法精密度高,重复性好,可用于测定大黄素的含量。 相似文献
9.
10.
12.
Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.
Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.相似文献
13.
15.
Petrikovics I McGuinn WD Sylvester D Yuzapavik P Jiang J Way JL Papahadjopoulos D Hong K Yin R Cheng TC DeFrank JJ 《Drug delivery》2000,7(2):83-89
This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine. 相似文献
16.
《Critical reviews in toxicology》2013,43(5-6):327-369
AbstractThe uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors. 相似文献
17.
《Expert opinion on investigational drugs》2013,22(1):79-86
Advances in the molecular biological knowledge of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have led to a growing interest by the pharmaceutical industry in the development of novel compounds that selectively modulate nAChR function. The ability of (-)-nicotine, an activator of nAChRs, to enhance attentional aspects of cognition in animals and humans, to exert neuroprotective and anxiolytic-like effects, and presumably to mediate the negative correlation between smoking and Alzheimer's (and Parkinson's) Disease, has focused interest on the potential therapeutic utility of modulators of nAChR function for treatment of some of the deficits associated with these progressive, neurodegenerative conditions. Numerous compounds are known which activate nAChRs and which might serve as lead compounds toward the development of such agents. The pharmacologic diversity of neuronal nAChR subtypes suggests the possibility of developing selective compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents. This broader class of agents, collectively called cholinergic channel modulators (ChCMs), is anticipated to encompass compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents, which generally exhibit low selectivity. This selectivity may be achieved by preferentially activating some subtypes of nAChRs (i.e., Cholinergic Channel Activators, ChCAs) or inhibiting the function of other subtypes (Cholinergic Channel Inhibitors, ChCIs). An overview of the biology of nAChRs and the rationale for the use of ChCMs for the treatment of dementia related to neurodegenerative diseases are presented, followed by a discussion of lead compounds and compounds under consideration for clinical evaluation. 相似文献
18.
Chang Min Kim Kun Ho Son Sung Hwan Kim Hyun Pyo Kim 《Archives of pharmacal research》1991,14(4):305-310
In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins
from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins. 相似文献
19.