Anterior segment complications after phacoemu-lsification combined vitrectomy and foldable intraocular lens implantation

AIM: To evaluate the anterior segment complications of phacovitrectomy and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes with significant cataract and co-existing vitreoretinal diseases. METHODS: This retrospective study was consisted of 285 eyes of 238 patients with various vitreoretinal abnormalities and visually significant cataracts. Vitreoretinal surgery was combined with phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation. Main outcome measures were visual acuity, the preoperative data, and the anterior segment complications at postoperative 6 to 72 months. RESULTS: The most common indications for surgery were non-diabetic vitreous hemorrhage, proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Preoperative vision ranged from 20/30 to light perception and postoperative vision ranged from 20/20 to no light perception. Postoperatively, in 245 eyes (85.9%), visual acuity improved by 3 lines or more on the Snellen chart. In 24 eyes (8.4%), vision remained within 3 lines of preoperative levels and in 16 eyes (5.6%), vision had decreased at the last follow-up. The most common anterior segment pathological change was PCO in 50 eyes (17.5%), the second was corneal edema in 32 eyes (11.2%) and the third was elevated IOP in 31 eyes (10.8%). CONCLUSION: The combined vitreoretinal surgery and phacoemulsification with foldable IOL implantation is safe and effective.     

Combined phacoemulsification,intraocular lens implantation,and vitrectomy for eyes with coexisting cataract and vitreoretinal pathology

PURPOSE: To report the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative outcomes of combining phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with pars plana vitrectomy in eyes with significant cataract and coexisting vitreoretinal pathology. DESIGN: Retrospective, consecutive, interventional case series. METHODS: Charts of patients undergoing combined procedures at the Wilmer Ophthalmologic Institute between March 1995 and May 2000 were reviewed. RESULTS: In all, 122 eyes of 111 patients were identified. Patient ages ranged from 27 to 89 years (mean 65). Forty-three eyes had diabetic retinopathy; 11 had undergone vitrectomy previously. Macular pathology (hole, membrane, choridal neovascularization) was present in 69 eyes. The most common indications for surgery were diabetic vitreous hemorrhage, macular hole, epiretinal membrane, and retinal detachment. In all cases, phacoemulsification and IOL implantation were performed before vitreoretinal surgery. Preoperative vision ranged from 20/30 to light perception and postoperative vision ranged from 20/20 to no light perception. In 105 patients vision improved, in 7 there was no change, and in 10 vision decreased. Postoperative complications included opacification of the posterior capsule, increased intraocular pressure, corneal epithelial defects, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment and iris capture by the IOL. CONCLUSIONS: Combined surgery is a reasonable alternative in selected patients. Techniques that may simplify surgery and reduce complications include: careful, limited, curvilinear capsulorhexis; in-the-bag placement of IOLs; use of IOLs with larger optics; suturing of cataract wounds before vitrectomy; use of miotics and avoidance of long-acting dilating drops in patients with intravitreal gas; and use of wide-field viewing systems.     

超声乳化在青光眼滤过术后白内障的应用

目的:探讨超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗青光眼滤过术后白内障的临床效果。方法:对35例41眼抗青光眼滤过术后白内障采用颞侧透明角膜的白内障超声乳化吸出术联合折叠人工晶状体植入术,术后观察视力、并发症、眼压和滤过泡的改变。结果:白内障术后的视力均有不同程度的提高,术后随访1～2a,眼压、滤过泡无明显改变。结论:颞侧透明角膜白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗青光眼滤过术后白内障是安全有效的治疗方法。     

Results of combined vitreoretinal surgery and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation

Purpose : To assess the outcome and complications after combined pars plana vitrectomy and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in patients with concomitant cataract and vitreoretinal abnormalities. Methods : This retrospective study consisted of 113 eyes of 109 patients with various vitreoretinal abnormalities and visually significant cataract. Vitreoretinal surgery was combined with clear corneal phacoemulsification and intra‐ocular implantation. Results : The combined surgery resulted in minimal complications, and postoperative visual acuity was improved in 83 eyes (71.6%). Visual acuity was improved by two or more lines in 26 eyes (66.6%) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 22 eyes (73%) with proliferative vitreoretinopathy, eight eyes (30.7%) with macular abnormalities, four eyes (55.5%) with trauma and two eyes (40%) with retinal vein occlusion. Conclusions : The combined vitreoretinal surgery and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation was safe and effective in treating vitreoretinal abnormalities coexisting with cataract. Combined surgery is recommended for all patients having simultaneous vitreoretinal pathological changes and cataract. The addition of phacoemulsification does not prolong vitreoretinal operative time notably nor increase the risk of intraoperative and post‐operative complications significantly.     

玻璃体切除联合白内障手术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的临床效果

目的观察玻璃体切除硅油填充术联合超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的临床疗效。方法根据患者自愿原则,将53例（57只眼）增生性糖尿病视网膜病变Ⅵ期患者分成联合手术组和玻璃体手术组。联合手术组33例（33只眼）,单纯玻璃体手术组20例（24只眼）。联合手术组进行玻璃体视网膜手术、硅油填充、超声乳化白内障摘除及折叠型人工晶状体植入术,单纯玻璃体手术组进行玻璃体视网膜手术及硅油填充。对两组术后视网膜复位情况和并发症进行对照分析。结果联合手术组视网膜完全复位29只眼,视网膜复位率为87．9％;单纯玻璃体手术组视网膜完全复位20只眼,视网膜复位率为83．3％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．626）。联合手术组发生虹膜新生血管1只眼（3．0％）,单纯玻璃体手术组发生虹膜新生血管2只眼（8．3％）。均发生在视网膜未复位的患者,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．775）。结论玻璃体视网膜手术联合超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变安全有效,联合手术可避免再次行白内障手术。     

Single-piece foldable acrylic intraocular lens implantation in the sulcus in eyes with posterior capsule tear during phacoemulsification

PURPOSE: To evaluate early and late period results of the implantation of single-piece foldable acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) in the sulcus in eyes developing a posterior capsule tear (PCT) during phacoemulsification (PE). SETTING: S.S.K. Vakif Gureba Training Hospital Eye Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey. METHODS: This prospective and noncomparative study consisted of 89 eyes of 88 patients in which PCT developed, with or without vitreous loss, and that were followed up for at least 1 year. The IOL was implanted in the sulcus in all eyes with sufficient capsule support. Postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anterior segment biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP), IOL centralization, and fundus were analyzed. RESULTS: Temporary corneal edema, the most frequently observed cause of reduced vision in the early period, appeared in 33 eyes; high IOP in 17 eyes; anterior chamber inflammatory reaction in 5 eyes; clinical cystoid macular edema in 7 eyes; and retinal detachment in 1 eye. The IOL was decentered in 4 eyes and dislocated in 1 eye. Repositioning was performed in 2 eyes. No IOL was removed. In the early period, BCVA was 5/10 and above in 41 eyes; the final BCVA was 4/10 and below in 16 eyes and of 5/10 and above in 73 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of foldable acrylic IOL in the sulcus in eyes developing posterior capsule tear during phacoemulsification surgery maintains the advantages of a small incision. Postoperative visual results were good, complications were few, and IOLs were centered.     

超声乳化人工晶状体植入术后影响视力临床分析

目的 探讨白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术后影响视力的因素。方法 对94例118眼进行术后1月至1年随访观察。结果 矫正视力1．0以上者38眼（32％）。0．5以上96眼（81％）,主要影响视力的因素;角膜水肿及失代偿、后发性白内障、前段葡萄膜炎及脉络膜脱离。结论 超声乳化是一种较好的手术方法、术中操作损伤小、减少了并发症,对提高视力有极其重要的作用。     

高度近视白内障小切口超声乳化摘除术

目的：探讨经透明角膜隧道对高度近视白内障患者行超声乳化摘除术的可行性及手术技巧。方法：对２１６例高度近视合并白内障患者,经角膜缘隧道切口行超声乳化吸出,并植入软性或硬性人工晶体。对超声乳化能量、时间、负压及术后视力、散光及并发症进行观察。结果：采用较低能量、中度真空压力及中低档流速行超声乳化吸出,术后视力≥０．８者１４３例,≥０．５者４９例。术前近视力≥０．８者,术后远视力常较佳。术前及术后散光３．０ｍｍ切口组无统计学差异,５．５ｍｍ切口组有统计学差异。未见明显严重并发症。结论：透明角膜超声乳化联合软性或硬性人工晶体植入,是高度近视白内障较理想的手术方式。     

初学白内障超声乳化联合折叠人工晶体植入术的体会

目的总结初学超声乳化联合折叠式人工晶体植入术治疗白内障的心得体会。方法由初学手术医师对19例23眼多种类型白内障行超声乳化联合折叠式人工晶体植入术。结果术中球结膜水肿6眼(26.1%)、折叠人工晶体植入并发症4眼(17.4%);术后7天视力≥0.3者20眼(87.0%),矫正视力≥0.3者21眼(91.3%);散光度≤1.0D者17眼(74.0%);与术前角膜散光度比较变化≤1.0D者23眼(100%);1级角膜水肿3眼(13.0%);无其他并发症发生。结论初学白内障超声乳化联合折叠式人工晶体植入术多发生与透明角膜切口和折叠人工晶体植入技巧相关并发症上。在掌握超声乳化技术的基础上,选择合适病例,着重于透明角膜切口和折叠人工晶体植入技巧的培训,可实现从硬性晶体到折叠晶体的平稳过渡。     

超声乳化人工晶状体植人联合玻璃体切除术治疗增生型糖尿病视网膜病变

目的评价晶状体超声乳化、囊袋内人工晶状体植入联合玻璃体切除术治疗增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）的临床效果。方法回顾性分析合并不同程度白内障的增生型糖尿病视网膜病变6l例（66眼）。其中PDRlV期20眼,V期33眼,Ⅵ期13眼。实施晶状体超声乳化、囊袋内人工晶状体植人联合玻璃体切除术。观察术后视力改善程度和术中术后并发症。结果术后视力改善：PDR1V期19眼（95．0％）,V期28眼（84．8％）,Ⅵ期13眼（38．5％）。术后视力低下者多伴有明显的糖尿病黄斑病变。术中术后主要并发症包括：医源性裂孔7眼（10．6％）;玻璃体积血,术中17眼（25．8％）,术后7眼（10．6％）;角膜上皮延期愈合9眼（13．6％）;角膜水肿8眼（12．1％）。结论超声乳化、人工品状体植入联合玻璃体切除术治疗合并不同程度白内障的增生型糖尿病视网膜病变是安全有效的,可使大多数患者视力改善,避免玻切术后并发白内障再次手术。糖尿病黄斑病变是影响术后视力提高的主要原因。     

Combining phacoemulsification with pars plana vitrectomy in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a series of 223 cases

PURPOSE: To describe the results of combined phacoemulsification, insertion of posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL), and pars plana vitrectomy for patients with retinal disorders resulting from diabetic retinopathy. DESIGN: Retrospective, consecutive, noncomparative, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred twenty-three patients with vitreoretinal disorders secondary to diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: A case series of 223 consecutive patients with retinal disorders resulting from diabetic retinopathy who underwent combined phacoemulsification, insertion of PCIOL, and pars plana vitrectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Vision, number of secondary procedures, and complications. RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-three patients (153 with vitreous hemorrhage, 58 with traction retinal detachment, and 12 with macular traction) underwent combined surgery. The average increase in vision was 4.3 Snellen lines. The average follow-up was 10 months. Retinal detachment occurred in 5% of patients who underwent surgery. Diabetic macular edema was found in 12% after combined surgery. Cystoid macular edema was found in 3%. Vitreous hemorrhage requiring another procedure occurred in 11%. Twenty-two patients (10%) required a repeat vitrectomy (12 for vitreous hemorrhage and 10 for retinal detachment). CONCLUSIONS: Combined phacoemulsification, insertion of PCIOL, posterior capsulectomy, and pars plana vitrectomy can be used to treat patients with complications resulting from proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Combined surgery may prevent a second operation for postvitrectomy cataract, allowing earlier visual rehabilitation.     

Combined phacoemulsification, vitrectomy, foreign-body extraction, and intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To assess the outcome of simultaneous phacoemulsification, pars plana vitrectomy, intraocular foreign-body extraction, and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. SETTING: SSK Ankara Eye Hospital, Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Ankara, Turkey. METHODS: Seventeen patients with corneal perforation, intraocular foreign body, vitreous hemorrhage, and lens opacity had simultaneous clear corneal phacoemulsification, pars plana vitrectomy, intraocular foreign-body extraction, and IOL implantation. RESULTS: Postoperative complications included massive retinal fibrosis in 2 patients, retinal detachment in 1, and cilioretinal artery occlusion in 1. At a mean follow-up of 15.2 months, best corrected visual acuity improved in the remaining 13 eyes (76%). The IOL was stable in all cases. CONCLUSION: Combined phacoemulsification with IOL implantation and vitreoretinal surgery was safe in selected cases of penetrating ocular trauma resulting from an intraocular foreign body.     

Phacoemulsification combined with silicone oil removal through a posterior capsulorhexis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the technique of silicone oil removal through a posterior capsulorhexis combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. SETTING: Dr. Rajendra Prasad Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, New Delhi, India. METHODS: Fifteen eyes of 15 patients had phacoemulsification with removal of silicone oil, which had been used for intraocular tamponade after a previous pars plana vitrectomy. Eyes with a stable retina were included in the series. In all eyes, the silicone oil was removed through a planned posterior capsulorhexis after phacoemulsification. The parameters evaluated were the primary diagnosis, duration between silicone oil instillation and phacoemulsification, type of cataract, preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuities (BCVAs), and complications such as frequency of retinal redetachment and secondary cataract. RESULTS: Vitreoretinal surgery with silicone oil instillation was performed for rhegmatogenous-tractional detachment resulting from Eales' disease in 6 eyes and from proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 2 eyes, for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in 6 eyes, and for traumatic rhegmatogenous detachment in 1 eye. The mean duration between the silicone oil instillation and phacoemulsification was 7.5 months +/- 3.8 (SD). Fourteen eyes had posterior subcapsular cataract, and 10 had nuclear sclerosis. Preoperative BCVA was worse than 6/60 in all eyes. The BCVA was 6/60 or better in 9 eyes after a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Two eyes had choroidal detachment in the early postoperative period. No eye had vitreous hemorrhage, retinal redetachment, secondary cataract, clinically significant endothelial decompensation or macular edema, or a dislocated IOL. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that silicone oil removal through a posterior capsulorhexis during phacoemulsification is a viable option and can be performed in selected cases of cataract with previous silicone oil instillation and a stable retina.     

Combined surgery, phacoemulsification, implantation of intraocular lens and pars plana vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness, technical feasibility and incidence of complications after combining pars plana vitrectomy, phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The results of combined vitreoretinal and cataract surgery in 100 eyes of 96 patients were retrospectively and prospectively analyzed. The mean follow-up period was 8.4 months. All patients had clinically significant lens opacities and vitreoretinal pathology requiring pars plana vitrectomy. Indications for vitreoretinal surgery included: persistent vitreous haemorrhage (28 eyes), vitreous hemorrhage combined with tractional retinal detachment (50 eyes), tractional retinal detachment without vitreous haemorrhage caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy (7 eyes), rheumatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (10 eyes) and dislocated crystalline lens in the vitreous (5 eyes). RESULTS: Postoperatively, best corrected visual acuity improved in 81 eyes (81%)- by two lines or more in 31 eyes (31%) - by less than two lines in 50 eyes (50%). In 14 eyes (14%) visual acuity was unchanged and was worse in 5 cases (5%). Postoperative complications included fibrin reaction, posterior synechias of the iris, vitreous hemorrhage, neovascular glaucoma, posterior capsule opacification, redetachment of retina. CONCLUSIONS: Our cases confirm previous study, that performing phacoemulsification, IOL implantation and vitrectomy in one operation is safe and allows visual recovery with good technical results.     

肝素修饰人工晶体植入在抗青光眼术后白内障超声乳化术中的应用

目的观察肝素表面修饰折叠型人工晶体植入对抗青光眼术后白内障超声乳化吸除术后前房炎症反应的影响。方法对60例(88眼)抗青光眼术后白内障患者施行超声乳化吸除术,所有病例随机植入肝素表面修饰折叠型人工晶体或蓝光滤过折叠型人工晶体。应用激光闪光细胞检测仪(Laserflarecellmeter,LFCM)测量并比较术前及术后1天、7天、30天及90天房水的平均闪辉值,以评价前房炎症反应。并观察术前后的视力、眼压及滤过泡和角膜内皮计数情况。结果(1)术前,二组患者房水闪辉值没有显著性差异,植入肝素表面修饰折叠型人工晶体者,手术后7天内的房水闪辉值均明显低于蓝光滤过折叠型人工晶体植入组,而术后30、90天时两种人工晶体植入者之间差异无显著性。两组术后视力均明显提高,眼压控制稳定,角膜内皮功能正常。结论抗青光眼术后白内障手术后眼血-房水屏障功能受损,植入肝素表面修饰折叠型人工晶体能显著减轻白内障术后短期内的炎症反应,增加了手术安全性。     

硅油填充眼并发性白内障的手术疗效观察

目的：观察玻璃体切割术后硅油填充眼并发白内障行超声乳化联合硅油取出及人工晶状体植入术的临床效果及安全性。方法：对32例32眼硅油填充术后并发白内障患者行超声乳化联合经睫状体平坦部切口取硅油及折叠式人工晶状体植入术。术后随访3～18（平均9）mo。结果：术后最佳矫正视力：光感～数指/眼前者3眼,0.02～0.1者10眼,〉0.1～0.2者12眼,≥0.3者7眼。所有患者均无视网膜脱离、角膜内皮失代偿、人工晶状体移位或硅油残留等。结论：白内障行超声乳化联合硅油取出及折叠式人工晶状体植入术治疗硅油填充眼并发性白内障安全、有效。     

超高度近视白内障超声乳化联合Bigbag晶状体植入疗效观察

目的探讨超高度近视合并白内障行超声乳化吸出联合Bigbag人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效。方法表麻下对25例（30眼）超高度近视合并自内障行超声乳化吸出联合Bi曲ag人工晶状体植入术。术后观察玻璃体的活动度、最佳矫正视力、屈光度和手术并发症。随访1—8个月。结果术后最佳矫正视力≥0．5者共8眼（26．7％）,0．3—0．4者共16眼（53．3％）,〈0．3者6眼（20％）。术中无晶状体后囊破裂。常见情况为术后1d角膜不同程度水肿,在3—10d内自行消退。术后无视网膜及脉络膜脱离,无黄斑囊样水肿或后发障等并发症。结论超声乳化联合Bigb职人工晶状体植人术治疗超高度近视自内障能有效改善视力,增加玻璃体的稳定性,有效降低并发症的发生。     

白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术

目的:探讨局部麻醉下行小梁切除术联合透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化吸除联合折叠人工晶状体植入术(三联术)的临床效果方法:对43例合并有白内障的患者在局部麻醉下采用分切口小梁切除术和透明角膜切口白内障原位超声乳化折叠人工晶状体植入手术,结果:术后视力>0.5者26眼(60%),0.1～0.5者17眼(40%)。43眼术后视力均较术前提高。术后1wk平均眼压15.4±3.8mmHg,较术前眼压降低10～30mmHg,与术前相比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。42眼(98%)形成功能性滤过泡。结论:分切口的青光眼小梁切除术联合透明切口白内障超声乳化折叠人工晶状体植入术可以有效地控制眼压同时提高患者的视力,效果较好,并发症少。     

增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者玻璃体手术中植入人工晶状体的临床效果观察

目的　探讨白内障合并增生性糖尿病视网膜病变 (proliferativediabeticretinopathy ,PDR)患者的玻璃体手术中 ,同期行白内障摘除和后房型人工晶状体 (intraocularlens,IOL)植入术的临床效果。方法　回顾性分析 1997年 2月至 2 0 0 1年 10月本院连续住院 ,并经同一手术医师治疗的增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者 37例 (44只眼 )。其中男 12例 ,女 2 5例 ;13只右眼 ,17只左眼 ,7例双眼 ;年龄36～ 76岁 ,平均 5 7岁 ;患有糖尿病史 1～ 30年 ,眼病史 4 0d至 10年。手术中经平坦部做白内障摘除术 ,保留前囊并吸刮上皮层。在完成玻璃体手术和眼内激光光凝后 ,做角巩膜缘切口 ,将人工晶状体植入前囊上 ,然后环形切除前囊中央直径 5mm组织。术前患者视力为光感、眼前手动和指数者分别为 5、14和 11只眼 ,0 0 2者 6只眼 ,0 1～ 0 2者 8只眼。结果　术后随访 3个月至 4 5年 ,平均 (16±13)个月。患者视力改善 4 1只眼 ,不变 2只眼 ,下降 1只眼 ;其中 0 1～ 1 0者 35只眼 ,占 79 5 %。术后视力低下者多伴有明显的黄斑水肿、硬性渗出或视网膜广泛缺血。术后 2～ 5d ,有 6只眼发生轻度角膜水肿 ;术后 5个月 2只眼分别发生角膜溃疡和新生血管性青光眼。结论　在增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者的玻璃体手术中 ,同期施行白     

小梁切除术后白内障超声乳化手术分析

目的:探讨分析抗青光眼小梁切除术后白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的手术方法、技巧及效果分析。方法:我院2007-01/2010-12对87例87眼抗青光眼小梁切除术后发生白内障的病例行白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,随访6mo,分析术后视力、眼压、并发症等情况。结果:术后随访6mo,87眼术后视力均有不同程度的提高,其中78眼（90％）视力≥0.3;术后眼压均较术前下降;术后并发症主要有角膜水肿（15眼,17％）、虹膜反应（11眼,13％）、前房出血（5眼,6％）、后囊膜混浊（10眼,11％）。结论:对抗青光眼小梁切除术后出现的白内障,行透明角膜切口的白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术可显著提高视力,保持滤过泡和眼压的稳定,恢复眼前节的组织结构。