Augenver?nderungen bei h?matologischen Erkrankungen

Hematological diseases can lead to ocular manifestations in up to 90% of patients and sometimes the ophthalmological findings are the presenting symptom of the disease. The ocular manifestation is often asymptomatic. The diagnosis can be difficult especially when the ocular manifestation represents the first symptoms. In most cases the conjunctiva and retina are involved and are particularly found in patients with anemia, leukemia, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndromes and coagulopathies. Even opportunistic infections in cases of hematological diseases can lead to ocular manifestations. For unexplained retinal alterations with hemorrhage and cotton-wool spots an underlying hematological disease should be excluded.     

Über anatomische Veränderungen bei primärer Keratitis parenchymatosa tuberculosa

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Beitrag zu den histopathologischen Veränderungen im Kammerwinkel beim primären kongestiven absoluten Glaukom

Zusammenfassung Es wurden sechs Augen mit absolutem kongestivem Glaukom mit den Silbermethoden nachPerdrau, Gömöri undGros-Schultze untersucht. Die Zahl der aus dem Strahlenkörper stammenden argyrophilen Fasern zeigte gegenüber dem Normalen eine Abnahme. Die Wand des Schlemmschen Kanals war abgeplattet und ihre feine Struktur verlorengegangen. Auch in Spätfällen ließen sich noch in einigen Präparaten degenerierte Nervenfasern nachweisen.Mit 3 Textabbildungen     

Über das Verhalten der primären optischen Zentren bei einseitiger peripherer Blindheit

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Diodenlaser-Zyklophotokoagulation als prim?rer chirurgischer Eingriff bei Glaukom

Hintergrund. Die Diodenlaser-Zyklophotokoagulation ist eine anerkannte Standardtherapie bei besonders problematischen Glaukomf?llen. Sie wird v. a. dann eingesetzt, wenn andere Verfahren bereits erfolglos waren. Wir wollten wissen, ob sie auch als prim?res chirurgisches Verfahren sinnvoll sein kann, wenn eine medikament?se Behandlung nicht ausreicht.     

Botulinumtoxin bei okul?ren Folgen nach Fazialisparese

Sequelae of facial palsy are often underdiagnosed. The ophthalmologist plays a pivotal role in the acute, subacute and chronic treatment of this condition. Goals are to provide corneal protection, restoration of facial asymmetry and facial movements and the treatment of crocodile tears. Botulinum toxin is the first line treatment for sequelae due to aberrant regeneration. The indications and techniques for treatment with botulinum toxin in patients with facial palsy are presented.     

Klinik und Pathologie des primären Lidanthrax

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Statistisches zum primären Glaukom in China

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Monotherapie der exsudativen altersbedingten Makuladegeneration bei kardiovaskul?ren Risikopatienten

Background

Intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis?) and pegaptanib (Macugen?) are effective treatment options for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). There might be some differences regarding effectiveness (higher with ranibizumab) and safety issues (presumed to be higher with pegaptanib), which led to the question whether these advantages might be combined. To clarify this question the current study was performed.

Methods

All patients treated for exudative AMD between February 2007 and May 2010 were evaluated for a potential cardiovascular risk profile. Patients with a positive history of coronary heart disease, proven by medical treatment, history of myocardial infarction, stent implantation or bypass operation or a history of stroke were classified as risk patients, while others without such a history were classified as non-risk patients. Risk patients were treated with a combination therapy (first injection: ranibizumab, second and third injections pegaptanib ?C combination group) when presenting between February 2008 and September 2009 or standard care (first, second and third injections ranibizumab ?C standard group) during upload. All patients were evaluated for best-corrected visual acuity on the day of diagnosis, injections during the upload phase and first follow-up visit after upload.

Results

Both groups did no differ regarding age, gender, subtype of choroidal neovascularization or waiting time between first visit and first injection. Visual acuity changes showed no differences up to the third injection and control visit. Visual acuity continued to improve within the standard group but rapidly declined in the combination group.

Conclusions

Even patients at risk for cardiovascular accidents should not be treated with a combination therapy of ranibizumab and pegaptanib as this combination results in a decline of visual acuity during upload.     

Mikrostrukturelle Ver?nderungen bei neovaskul?rer altersbedingter Makuladegeneration unter Anti-VEGF-Therapie

Background

High-definition raster scanning spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) allows a precise assessment of retinal layers and a more detailed detection of subtle morphological alterations. The aim of this study was to observe such changes in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) under anti-VEGF therapy and to evaluate if they show characteristic and reversible properties.

Methods

The study included 20 consecutive patients with untreated nAMD. SD-OCT with an axial resolution of 6???m and a scan velocity of up to 25,000 A-scans/s was used for high-resolution imaging of the macular region at baseline and at months 1 and 3. Characteristic changes in the retinal microstructure were documented and analyzed.

Results

Obvious morphological changes as well as discrete intraretinal alterations showed a clear improvement until the third month following the initial ranibizumab injection. Destructions of the neurosensory retina and the outer retinal layers were partly reversible and significantly reduced after treatment was applied.

Conclusion

SD-OCT was able to detect additional information on specific morphological alterations within the retina. These changes showed a considerable reduction under consistent treatment indicating their potential value for monitoring treatment success in antiangiogenic strategies.     

Stellenwert einer perimetrischen Differenzialdiagnostik beim primären Offenwinkelglaukom

Functional deficits in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are, apart from other disturbances in the visual field, typically detected with achromatic perimetry as a well accepted gold standard. With the development of new perimetric devices and strategies (e.g. short wave perimetry, frequency doubling perimetry and flicker perimetry) individually different patterns of scotomas in the different perimetric devices could be recognized. The reasons for this could be a different sensitivity reaction of the ganglion cell subpopulations to an increased intraocular pressure as well as an influence of the underlying systemic diseases. To obtain a differentiated detection of the functional loss in the visual field in glaucoma, the use of different perimetric methods seems to be reasonable and helpful.     

Zur Frage der primären Sehnervengeschwülste

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Die primären Geschwülste des Sehnerven

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Vergleichende In-vitro-Analyse von primären und immortalisierten Keratozyten

Background

The cultivation of primary keratocytes (HCKp) is difficult and influenced by a multitude of factors. In this study it was examined if immortalized keratocytes (HCKi) can replace HCKp in experiments and be useful in the development of a cornea construct.

Methods

HCKp and HCKi were cultivated and incubated for 72 h with benzalkonium chloride (BAC) or cetrimide at concentrations of 40-0.1 μg/ml or 100–0.01 μg/ml. The vitality and the doubling time (tv) were measured.

Results

Treatment with 40 or 4 μg/ml BAC as well as 100 or 10 μg/ml cetrimide led to cell death. The tv was shortened in HCKi especially in cells that were treated with BAC, but only HCKp showed a significant loss of vitality. In cells treated with cetrimide the tv increased significantly in both cell lines and no loss of vitality was detected from 0.1μg/ml onwards in both cell lines.

Conclusion

HCKi are more resistant and proliferative than HCKp but they can be used in preliminary experiments as an alternative to primary cells in for example toxicity studies if the detectable differences between the two cell lines, such as the capacity for proliferation and reaction to agents are taken into consideration.     

Ueber die pathologisch-anatomischen Veränderungen der Augen-Medien und-Häute bei intraoculären Tumoren

Ohne Zusammenfassung