脑膜瘤细胞X线敏感性实验研究

目的 为脑膜瘤Ｘ－刀的个体化治疗寻找最佳量－效关系和最佳时－效关系。方法 ８例病人的脑膜瘤细胞进行原代培养。将培养的脑膜瘤细腻分为阴性对照组、５Ｇｙ、１０Ｇｙ、１５Ｇｙ、２０Ｇｙ、２５Ｇｙ组和３０Ｇｙ组，培养７－９天后采用单镒Ｘ线照射，于照射后２ｈ、６ｈ、１２ｈ、２４ｈ、４８ｈ、７２ｈ采用ＦＣＭ检测细胞凋亡和细胞存活情况，采用免疫组化（ＡＢＣ）法测试ＰＣＮＡ、ＢｃＬ－２和Ｐ５３基因的表达。结果 发     

人脑胶质瘤细胞系X线敏感性的实验研究

目的 研究人脑胶质瘤细胞系对不同强度Ｘ线的敏感性。方法 以ＢＴ３２５细胞系为实验对象,设置了阴性对照、５Ｇｙ、１０Ｇｙ、１５Ｇｙ、２０Ｇｙ、３０Ｇｙ组,应用Ｖａｒｔａｎ直线加速器行单次大剂量照射。采用免疫组法观察Ｐ５３、ＢｃＬ－２和ＰＣＮＡ基因的表达的情况,采用光镜和电镜观察细胞凋亡的形态学改变。结果 ２０Ｇｙ组４８小时时,细胞凋亡发生率最高,此时Ｐ５３基因表达最高、Ｂｃｌ－２基因表达明显减弱,但     

γ射线诱导HL—60细胞凋亡与G2期阻滞的研究

用形态学，琼脂糖凝胶电泳和流式细胞仪等方法观察了γ射线诱导ＨＬ－６０细胞凋亡和细胞周期改变的关系。结果：γ射线照后６ｈ，细胞开始出现Ｇ２期阻滞，１２ｈ阻滞达高峰，细胞凋亡比例随作用时间和照射剂量的增加而增加，凋亡特有的梯状图谱分别在１，５，１０，Ｇｙ照后７２，２４，１２ｈ出现。     

γ射线诱导HL-60细胞凋亡与G_2期阻滞的研究

用形态学、琼脂糖凝胶电泳和流式细胞仪等方法观察了γ射线诱导ＨＬ６０细胞凋亡和细胞周期改变的关系。结果：γ射线照后６ｈ，细胞开始出现Ｇ２期阻滞，１２ｈ阻滞达高峰；细胞凋亡比例随作用时间和照射剂量的增加而增加，凋亡特有的梯状图谱分别在１、５、１０Ｇｙ照后７２、２４、１２ｈ出现。提示：辐射诱导的细胞凋亡与从辐射引起的Ｇ２期阻滞的退出有关     

低剂量电离辐射对小鼠脾脏细胞凋亡的影响

目的：研究不同剂量 Ｘ 射线全身照射对小鼠脾脏细胞凋亡的影响。方法：采用透射电镜术定性及原位末端标记（ Ｔ Ｕ Ｎ Ｅ Ｌ）术半定量地观察了电离辐射对小鼠脾脏细胞凋亡影响的时程变化及量效关系。结果：透射电镜观察到２ Ｇｙ Ｘ 射线全身照射后脾脏出现较多典型的凋亡的淋巴细胞,００７５ Ｇｙ 照射后细胞超微结构无显著变化。 Ｔ Ｕ Ｎ Ｅ Ｌ 法观察到高剂量电离辐射使脾细胞凋亡增多,而低剂量电离辐射则使脾细胞凋亡减少,剂量效应关系曲线呈“ Ｊ”型。结论：不同剂量电离辐射对脾细胞凋亡的影响不同;低剂量电离辐射使脾脏细胞凋亡减少为辐射兴奋效应的一种表现。     

低剂量电离辐射诱导免疫适应性反应的时间效应

本研究采用Ｘ线全身照射昆明系雄性小鼠模型，观察电离辐射诱导免疫适应性反应的预照射剂量（Ｄ１剂量，７５ｍＧｙ）及其后损伤性剂量（Ｄ２剂量，１．５～２．０Ｇｙ）的时间效应。结果表明，Ｄ１与Ｄ２时间间隔６～４８ｈ，Ｄ２照后１８～２４ｈ可诱导胸腺细胞自发增殖能力及脾细胞对丝裂原（ＣｏｎＡ和ＬｐＰＳ）反应性等适应性反应。     

EL一4细胞凋亡与细胞周期的辐射效应

采用流式细胞术（ＦＣＭ）研究了０．５、１、２、４ＧｙＸ射线照射后，小鼠淋巴瘤细胞ＥＬ一４的凋亡与细胞周期的剂量效应关系。结果表明：以上剂量照射后２４ｈ，Ｇ１期细胞呈剂量依赖性增加，出现明显的Ｇ１阻滞；而Ｓ期细胞则剂量依赖性减少；Ｇ２期出现明显的Ｇ２阻滞；细胞凋亡亦呈剂量依赖性增力。该结果提示：ＥＬ一４细胞经较高剂量ｘ射线照射后，出现明显的ＤＮＡ合成抑制和Ｇ２阻滞，致使ＥＬ一４细胞的有丝分裂延迟。统计分析表明：Ｇ１阻滞与细胞凋亡高度相关ｒ＝０．９１。     

γ—射线诱导HL—60细胞凋亡的观察

目的 观察γ－射线诱导ＨＬ－６０细胞凋亡的时间和剂量效应,以探求辐射诱发肿瘤细胞凋亡分子机制。方法 分别以２．５、５、７．５、１０、１５Ｇｙ γ－射线照射ＨＬ－６０细胞,于照后继续培养３、６、９、１２、２４、２７、３０ｈ,分别收获细胞。电泳检测ＤＮＡ梯状带;流式细胞术（ＦＣＭ）细胞凋亡定量并观察细胞周期变化;Ｈｏｅｃｈｓｔ ３３２５８－ＰＩ复染荧光显微镜计数凋亡细胞及已死亡细胞百分率。结果 ＨＬ－     

低剂量X射线对荷瘤小鼠局部大剂量照射抑瘤作用的影响

目的：探讨低剂量全身照射对局部肿瘤大剂量照射抑瘤作用的影响。方法：采用昆明系小鼠皮下接种Ｓ１８０腹水肉瘤细胞为实验瘤模型；荷瘤小鼠局部１０Ｇｙ或２．５Ｇｙ×４次Ｘ射线照射前１２ｈ或２４ｈ接受５０，７５，１００和１５０ｍＧｙ全身照射，观察局部照后２１ｄ的肿瘤生长百分数。结果：５０，７５和１００ｍＧｙ全身照射可明显增强局部肿瘤大剂量照射的抑瘤效果；局部照前１２ｈ比２４ｈ接受低剂量照射的增强效应更明显；     

Bcl—2基因增强表达对TNF诱导U937细胞凋亡的效应

目的：探讨Ｂｃｌ－２基因增强表达对肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）诱导的Ｕ９３７细胞凋亡的生物学效应。方法：用磷酸钙沉淀法将Ｂｃｌ－２基因转染到Ｕ９３７细胞，用Ｇ４１８筛选稳定转染子，用不同剂量ＴＮＦ处理后观察未转染细胞的存活率。结果：用Ｂｃｌ－２稳定转洒的Ｕ９３７细胞经ＴＮＦ处理，存活率明显高于未转染细胞，结论：Ｂｃｌ－２基因增强表达阻抑ＴＮＦ诱导的Ｕ９３７细胞凋亡。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.