颈椎前路椎间融合术后邻近节段的病变研究

[目的]研究颈椎前路椎间融合术后症状性邻近节段病变的发生率以及预测其发生的因素。[方法]112例颈椎间盘突出症或颈椎病接受颈椎前路椎体问融合术患者，行术后症状的评价，神经学检查及系列放射学检查，分析症状性邻近节段病变的发生率与临床和影像学参数的关系。症状性邻近节段病变的发生率通过Kaplan-Meier生存分析法进行统计，各参数与症状性邻近节段病变的发生率之间的关系通过u检验和t检验分析。[结果]随访时间2—19a，平均9．4a。112例患者中有19例（17％）出现了症状性邻近节段病变，其中男12例，女7例。Kaplan-Meier生存分析法分析未出现症状邻近节段病变的患者比率，5a时比率为89％，10a时为84％，17a时为67％。出现症状性邻近节段病变的病例中，术前脊髓造影上邻近节段硬膜有明显压迹或MRI上邻近节段椎间盘突出的发生率明显高于未出现症状性邻近节段病变的病例（P分别为0．0087及0．0299，双样本t检验）。而其他参数没有显著性差异。7名患者因保守治疗无效而进行了手术。[结论]当术前脊髓造影或MRI显示该节段存在无症状性椎间盘退变时，颈椎前路椎体间植骨融合术后症状性邻近节段病变的发生率明显高，与融合的节段数、术前颈椎曲度、椎管的直径或融合节段的曲度都无关。     

珊瑚羟基磷灰石人工骨在颈前路植骨融合术中的应用

目的研究珊瑚人工骨在颈前路手术中的愈合情况。方法应用珊瑚羟基磷灰石人工骨替代自体髂骨进行颈椎前路减压人工骨植骨融合钢板内固定手术180例(男126例、女54例),根据影像学资料,统计椎间隙高度、椎间角、颈前屈术前与随访时的变化。结果通过总结6年的随访结果,珊瑚人工骨得到了良好的愈合,使患者术后椎间隙高度、椎间角、颈前屈的纠正得到了的保持。结论珊瑚人工骨具有良好的愈合效果,可以达到和自体髂骨同样的临床作用。     

PLIF治疗腰椎节段性不稳定

目的探讨应用PLIF治疗腰椎节段性不稳定的适应性。方法 2002-12-2010-10我院采用PLIF技术治疗腰椎节段性不稳定患者30例,男19例,女11例,年龄24～69岁,平均45.8岁。失稳节段:L3-46例,L4-511例,L5-S113例。3种椎间融合术包括:单纯椎体间植骨、双侧椎体间融合器、单侧斜行椎间融合器,术中均采用椎弓根固定系统辅助,后2种方法中在安放内置物的同时,均辅以椎间自体骨粒植骨。临床恢复情况按Nakai分级;疗效评定按照目测视觉类比评分法(visualanalogue scale VAS)。结果随访3个月～6年9个月,平均3年7个月。术后18个月时按Nakai标准评定:优19例,良9例,可2例;优良率93.3%。患者的腰痛、下肢疼痛症状均有明显缓解,绝大多数患者恢复正常的工作和生活。结论 PLIF手术是治疗腰椎节段性不稳定比较可靠的方法,只要把握手术适应证,可以取得满意的结果。     

Adjacent segment disease after anterior cervical interbody fusion

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: There have been many follow-up studies on anterior interbody fusion for cervical nerve root and spinal cord compression, and excellent neurological outcomes have been reported. However, postoperative degenerative changes at adjacent discs may lead to the development of new radiculopathy or myelopathy. In the previous reports, the incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease has ranged from 7% to 15%. PURPOSE: The present study was undertaken to investigate the incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease after anterior cervical interbody fusion (ACIF) and to identify the factors that are related to the development of this disease. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: This is a retrospective cohort study. PATIENT SAMPLE: A total of 112 patients were followed up clinically and radiologically for more than 2 years. OUTCOME MEASURES: Follow-up evaluation was primarily by means of clinical visits. The postoperative course of any symptoms, the findings of neurological examination and serial follow-up radiographs were performed in all patients. METHODS: The diagnosis of symptomatic adjacent segment disease was based on the presence of new radiculopathy or myelopathy symptoms referable to an adjacent level, and the presence of a compressive lesion at an adjacent level by magnetic resonance imaging or myelography. We evaluated the correlation between the incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease and the following clinical parameters (age at operation, sex, number of the levels fused) and radiological parameters (preoperative cervical spine alignment, preoperative range of motion of C2-C7 cervical spine, anteroposterior spinal canal diameter, preoperative existence of an adjacent segment degeneration on plain radiograph, myelography and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]). RESULTS: Symptomatic adjacent segment disease developed in 19 of 112 patients (19%) followed. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed in order to follow the disease-free survival of the entire series of patients. The disease-free survival rates were 89% at 5 years, 84% at 10 years and 67% at 17 years. The incidences of indentation of dura matter on preoperative myelography or disc protrusion on MRI at the adjacent level were significantly higher in disease cases (p=.0087, .0299, respectively; chi-squared test). However, the other parameters did not show a statistically significant difference. There were seven cases (37%) who had failure of nonoperative treatment and additional operations were performed. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease after ACIF was higher when preoperative myelography or MRI revealed asymptomatic disc degeneration at that level regardless of the number of the levels fused, preoperative alignment, spinal canal diameter or fusion alignment.     

椎间融合器植入颈椎即刻稳定性的生物力学评价

目的 :①探讨不同直径螺纹状椎间融合器对颈椎强度、刚度和稳定性的影响。②椎间融合器植入法改进 ,最佳融合器直径的选择 ,为临床手术提供理论依据。方法 :成人新鲜颈椎标本 12具 ,实验应力分析 ,对颈椎的稳定性与不同程度切除终板、植入不同直径融合器后的生物力学关系进行系统分析和比较。结果 :①椎间融合器植入后 ,颈椎强度增加 2 2 % ,椎体应变下降 15 % ,而刚度增加 43 % ,位移减小 2 0 % ,与植入前颈椎具有非常显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ,颈椎稳定性得到增强。②在改进植入法中 ,选用直径 11～ 12mm融合器 ,其覆盖椎体终板超过 3 0 %以上 ,接触面积达 65 %以上 ,颈椎最稳定 ,其椎体应变、融合器位移及沉降率最小。结论 :颈椎前路螺纹状椎间融合器植入是一种有效的初始稳定手段 ;改进植入法应选用直径 11～ 12mm之椎间融合器。     

腰椎后路椎体间采用不同植骨方式的融合效果之比较

目的探讨采用不同的植骨方式对于腰椎后路椎体间融合效果的影响。方法回顾性分析我院1999-2006年间采用后路椎间盘切除,椎间植骨融合 椎弓根螺钉内固定手术治疗的426例病例,通过其术后X线融合率或CT进行效果评价。结果365例获得随访(平均1.7年),术后结果:自体棘突椎板植骨融合率为91.9%,自体髂骨植骨融合率94.0%,异体骨植骨融合率87.5%,椎间融合器融合率94.0%。结论自体棘突椎板植骨是一种可靠,简单有效的植骨融合方式。     

Cervical interbody fusion implant

Summary The frequent complications on the iliac crest graft prompted us to design our implant. Not all our graft harvests were complicated with haematomas, pain of the gluteus medius or of neuralgias of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, but even without any complication of this type, there is always an enormous difference between the main cervical intervention, with which as a general rule the patient is very satisfied as neck pains and radicular pains have in general disappeared from the first day post-operatively and that of the iliac crest which is the seat of pain leading to a limp. The implant we designed is constituted by a metallic casing ring for an artificial graft and joined to an osteosynthetic plate bearing four screw holes, two at the top and two at the bottom. This graft was in alumina for the fisrt implants, from 1987 to 1994. It is now in Hydroxyapatite; likewise, the ring and the plate, in stainless steel for the fisrt implants, is at present in titanium, therefore MRI-transparent. Between December 1987 and August 1995, we implanted 46 fusion implants in 45 patients. The use of our interbody fusion implant represents an easy method of cervical arthrodesis after discectomy between C3 and T1. It spares an autologous graft harvest. It gives immediate stability, shortens the operative as well as the hospitalization time.Résumé Ce sont les complications fréquentes de la prise de greffe sur la crête iliaque qui nous ont incité à concevoir notre implant. Non pas que nos prises de greffes se soient toutes compliquées d'hématomes, de douleurs du muscle moyen fessier (m. gluteus medius) ou de névralgie du nerf fémoro-cutané (n. femoralis later-alis), mais même sans aucune complication de ce type, il y a toujours une énorme différence entre l'intervention principale cervicale, pour laquelle en règle l'opéré est très satisfait car les nucalgies et les douleurs radiculaires ont en général disparu dès le premier jour post-opératoire et la crête iliaque qui est siège de douleurs et entraîne une boiterie.L'implant que nous avons conçu est constitué par un anneau métallique faisant cage pour un greffon artificiel et faisant corps avec une plaque d'ostéosynthèse portant 4 trous de vis, deux en haut et deux en bas. Ce greffon a été en alumine pour les premiers implants, de 1987 à 1994. Il est actuellement en hydroxyapatite ; de même, l'anneau et la plaque, en acier inoxydable pour les premiers implants, est actuellement en titane, donc MRI-transparent. Entre décembre 1986 et août 1995, nous avons posé 46 implants de fusion chez 45 patients.L'utilisation de notre prothèse de fusion intersomatique cervicale constitue une méthode simple d'arthrodèse cervicale après discectomie entre C3 et Th1. Elle évite une prise de greffe autologue. Elle donne une immédiate stabilité, raccourcit le temps opératoire ainsi que le séjour d'hospitalisation.     

异体骨椎间融合器在颈椎前路融合术中的应用价值

目的探讨螺纹异体骨椎间融合支架(allograft interbody fusion cage,AIFC)在颈椎前融合术中的应用价值.方法自1998年6月～2000年6月,采用AIFC行颈椎前路融合术90例,其中男35例,女55例,年龄37～72岁,平均47岁,其中神经根型颈椎病56例,脊髓型颈椎病32例,椎动脉型颈椎病2例.采用颈前横行切口,C臂X线透视定位病变间隙,行环钻前路减压,AIFC植入融合固定.术后随访观察AIFC的融合率,椎间高度维持情况及有无并发症.结果76例获得良好随访,随访时间18个月～3年,平均26个月,术后3 d、1、3、6、9、12、18、24个月常规X线片检查,74例获得骨性融合,融合率为97.3%,椎间高度维持良好,AIFC无移位,2例成角畸形愈合,颈椎呈后凸畸形.结论AIFC具有良好的维持椎间高度功能,抗压缩、抗旋转,稳定性好,椎间融合率高,符合颈椎生物力学及临床要求.     

Zero-P用于三节段颈椎前路融合术的中期疗效

目的通过与传统融合器并钛板融合术比较,探索C_4/C_5/C_6/C_7三节段Zero-P融合治疗颈椎退变性疾病的中期临床疗效与影像学变化。方法纳入2009年7月—2013年5月在本院接受C_4/C_5/C_6/C_7颈椎融合手术的患者共72例。其中A组患者应用Zero-P进行融合,共30例;B组用传统融合器加钛板,共42例。两组患者术前各项参数比较差异无统计学意义。于术后2个月、6个月、1年、2年及近期各时间点进行复查随访,比较两组患者日本骨科学会(JOA)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)、颈椎曲度、C_(4~7) Cobb角、吞咽困难发生率、融合率、邻近节段退变(ASD)发生率等的差异。结果所有患者随访2年,随访期间,A组与B组术后JOA评分、NDI、融合率及ASD发生率比较差异均无统计学意义。A组患者术后C_(4~7)Cobb角呈缓慢丢失趋势,在术后2年及末次随访时小于B组(P0.05)。A组患者术后颈椎曲度呈缓慢丢失趋势,在末次随访时低于B组(P0.05)。A组患者吞咽困难发生率于术后2个月时低于B组(P0.05),余随访时间两组差异无统计学意义。结论 Zero-P用于颈椎三节段融合时中期疗效满意、并发症少。其可有效降低术后2个月吞咽困难发生率,但对手术节段Cobb角及颈椎曲度的维持作用较差。     

Functional and clinical results after anterior interbody lumbar fusion

The functional and clinical results of anterior interbody lumbar fusion were assessed in 134 patients. Functional tests included spinal mobility and isokinetic trunk muscle strength measurements. The score rating system of the Japanese Orthopaedic association (JOA) and the Oswestry disability index were used for clinical evaluation. Functional results revealed decreased spinal flexibility when compared with normal values. A reduction in physical ability was also seen in the isokinetic trunk muscle measurements. Non-union seemed to have only little effect on the functional results. Patients under 20 years at operation had the best results, but beyond this threshold results did not vary with age. The JOA rating score was 25 or more in 50% of patients. The mean Oswestry disability index was 47.8 (range 1–82) preoperatively and 20 (range 0–68) at follow-up (P<0.001), indicating a clear decrease in subjective disability. Solid fusion was seen in 107 patients (80%) at follow-up.     

Comparison of the early results of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and posterior lumbar interbody fusion in symptomatic lumbar instability

Background:

Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) has been preferred to posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) for different spinal disorders but there had been no study comparing their outcome in lumbar instability. A comparative retrospective analysis of the early results of TLIF and PLIF in symptomatic lumbar instability was conducted between 2005 and 2011.

Materials and Methods:

Review of the records of 102 operated cases of lumbar instability with minimum 1 year followup was done. A total of 52 cases (11 men and 41 women, mean age 46 years SD 05.88, range 40-59 years) underwent PLIF and 50 cases (14 men and 36 women, mean age 49 years SD 06.88, range 40-59 years) underwent TLIF. The surgical time, duration of hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss were compared. Self-evaluated low back pain and leg pain status (using Visual Analog Score), disability outcome (using Oswestry disability questionnaire) was analyzed. Radiological structural restoration (e.g., disc height, foraminal height, lordotic angle, and slip reduction), stability (using Posner criteria), fusion (using Hackenberg criteria), and overall functional outcome (using MacNab''s criteria) were compared.

Results:

Pain, disability, neurology, and overall functional status were significantly improved in both groups but PLIF required more operative time and caused more blood loss. Postoperative hospital stay, structural restoration, stability, and fusion had no significant difference but neural complications were relatively more with PLIF.

Conclusions:

Both methods were effective in relieving symptoms, achieving structural restoration, stability, and fusion, but TLIF had been associated with shorter operative time, less blood loss, and lesser complication rates for which it can be preferred for symptomatic lumbar instability.     

Full-endoscopic technique for anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion: 5-year follow-up results of 67 cases

With minimally invasive technique becoming more popular, endoscopic operations such as arthroscopy or laparoscopy have become the standard of care in several other areas. In this study, we evaluated the 5-year follow-up outcomes of anterior cervical (Ahn et al. in Photomed Laser Surg 23:362–368, 2005) discectomy and interbody fusion (ACDF) performed via endoscopic approach. Sixty-seven patients who underwent anterior cervical discectomy and cage fusion performed using endoscopic technique were followed for at least 5 years. We reviewed the clinical and radiographic records of these patients. The postoperative radiographic measures accessed were the anterior intervertebral height (AIH) and the lordosis angle (LDA). Clinical outcomes were determined using the previously validated Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and the pain visual analog scale (VAS). Patients included had a minimal follow-up period of 5 years and based on the outcomes criteria (JOA, VAS), 86.6% of patients reported excellent or good results. The AIH increased on average 18.7% of the original height (p < 0.01), and the LDA were more physiologic at final follow-up. Of the 67 cases, there was no segmental instability, and the bone fusion rate was 100%. One patient required revision open ACDF due to adjacent segment disc herniation 6 years postoperatively. There were no intraoperative complications, dysphasia or esophageal injury in this study group. It indicated endoscopic technique for ACDF can obtain satisfactory results in patients with cervical disc herniation, cervical myelopathy, or radiculopathy. Compared with a traditional approach, this technique may be associated with less morbidity while improving cosmesis and postoperative recovery. Prospective randomized control trials are needed to directly compare these two procedures.     

后路腰椎椎体间植骨融合术与经椎间孔入路腰椎椎间植骨融合术治疗腰椎退行性病变的近期疗效对比

目的比较后路腰椎椎体间植骨融合术(PLIF)与经椎间孔入路腰椎椎间植骨融合术(TLIF)治疗腰椎退行性病变的近期疗效。方法 62例于我院接受单节段手术治疗的部分腰椎退行性病变患者,其中接受PLIF手术患者34例,接受TLIF手术患者28例。比较两组手术时间、出血量、住院时间、并发症及植骨融合率。手术效果按照视觉疼痛模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、JOA评分(Japanese orthopaedic association scores,JOA)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(oswestry disability index,ODI)和改良MacNab标准进行评定。结果 PLIF组与TILF组手术时间、出血量比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01);住院时间和植骨融合率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。PLIF组和TILF组并发症发生率分别为26.5%(9/34)和14.3%(4/28),TLIF组低于PILF组(P0.01)。PLIF组和TILF组患者术后随访时间为6个月。两组患者术后各随访时间点腰腿痛VAS评分、JOA评分、ODI指数较术前均明显改善(P0.01),但PILF组术后1个月内腰痛VAS评分高于TLIF组。PLIF组和TILF组患者末次随访时按改良MacNab标准评定优良率分别为91.8%和87.5%,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论单节段PLIF与TILF治疗腰椎退行性病变均可取得满意的近期临床疗效,但TLIF创伤小、出血少、对脊柱稳定性破坏较少。     

颈椎前路减压植骨融合术的并发症分析

１９７６年４月～１９９３年８月共做颈椎前路减压植骨融合术１５０例，发生２４例（２６次）与手术有关的并发症。分为七类：（１）脊髓损伤８例，其中颈椎过伸性损伤２例，明显器械刺激损伤２例，植骨块挤压１例，无明显原因术后瘫痪加重者３例；（２）脊神经根损伤２例；（３）脑脊液漏５例；（４）喉上神经与喉返神经损伤各２例；（５）颈深部血肿１例；（６）椎间盘错切２例；（７）股外侧皮神经损伤３例。对以上并发症分析了原因并提出了预防措施。     

The use of coral for cervical interbody arthrodesis (IBA) and vertebral body excision

Summary The value of using biomaterials and especially coral in cervical spinal surgery is linked to a desire to eliminate the disadvantages associated with the taking of bone grafts in arthrodeses. A chemical, microscopic, biomechanical and clinical study of coral from 1970 has shown the value of this material, whose structure resembles that of bone, and which degrades completely to be replaced by newly-formed bone. Our initial results in 20 cases confirmed these findings by studying the progress of the coral: its good clinical tolerance, and its excellent radiologic incorporation without modification of spinal statics. Subsequently 83 cases have ben treated with this biomaterial, of which 45 were followed up. The results are satisfactory from both the clinical viewpoint (technques of transdiscal osteophytectomy) and the biomechanical aspect.     

颈前路减压零切迹椎间植骨融合内固定系统治疗颈椎病的早期疗效分析

目的:分析颈前路减压零切迹椎间植骨融合内固定系统(Zero-P)治疗颈椎病的早期疗效。方法 :2010年6月~10月39例颈椎病患者接受颈前路减压Zero-P植骨内固定手术,患者年龄33~71岁,平均50.3岁。神经根型颈椎病8例,脊髓型31例;单间隙14例,2个间隙18例,3个间隙7例。共置入Zero-P 71枚,C3/4、C4/5、C5/6、C6/7椎间隙置入Zero-P分别为8、19、30、14枚。术前、术后2个月及12个月对神经根型颈椎病患者行VAS评分、脊髓型颈椎病患者行JOA评分,在颈椎中立侧位X线片上测量颈椎Cobb角(C2和C7椎体后缘切线的夹角),观察术后吞咽不适的发生率以及症状持续时间。根据术后伸屈侧位X线片观察手术间隙有无异常活动。结果:手术时间48~130min,平均86min;术中出血量40~310ml,平均110ml。14例患者术后1周内出现吞咽不适,其中13例术后2个月内症状消失,1例(2.6%)症状持续至术后4个月消失。随访12~16个月,平均14.6个月。神经根型颈椎病患者术后2个月、12个月时的VAS评分分别为1.5±0.8分、1.3±0.9分,均低于术前的7.3±1.3分(P<0.05)。脊髓型颈椎病患者术后2个月、12个月时的JOA评分分别为14.6±1.1分、15.0±1.2分,均高于术前的9.7±1.7分(P<0.05)。术后2个月及12个月颈椎Cobb角分别为18.4°±9.6°、17.8°±9.2°,大于术前的9.0°±10.0°(P<0.05)。术后12个月时的VAS评分、JOA评分和颈椎Cobb角与术后2个月比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。随访期间手术间隙无异常活动,内置物无移位。结论:颈前路减压Zero-P植骨内固定治疗颈椎病的早期疗效满意,稳定性可靠,可重建颈椎曲度,术后慢性吞咽不适发生率低。     

Changed cervical kinematics after fusion surgery

Purpose

Analyzing and comparing the range of motion and movement pattern of subjects who underwent an anterior cervical fusion using trabecular metal with control subjects.

Methods

Three-dimensional kinematics of planar active axial rotation and active lateral bending of 50 experimental and 41 control subjects were registered by means of an electromagnetic tracking system.

Results

Comparing the experimental group with the control group reveals that the range of the main motion component differs significantly (p < 0.01) during the active axial rotation and lateral bending movement. During active axial rotation, the coupled lateral bending motion component also differs between both groups. The root mean square value of the jerkiness (derivative of the acceleration) and de deviation from the 6-polynomial smoothed function of the main as well as the coupled motion component express the qualitative aspects of kinematics and are significantly different between the experimental and the control group for both movements (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Subjects who have an anterior cervical fusion with trabecular metal show significant quantitative as well as qualitative differences in cervical kinematics during active axial rotation and lateral bending compared to control subjects.     

Biomechanical evaluation of a low profile, anchored cervical interbody spacer device in the setting of progressive flexion-distraction injury of the cervical spine

Introduction

Anterior cervical decompression and fusion is a well-established procedure for treatment of degenerative disc disease and cervical trauma including flexion-distraction injuries. Low-profile interbody devices incorporating fixation have been introduced to avoid potential issues associated with dissection and traditional instrumentation. While these devices have been assessed in traditional models, they have not been evaluated in the setting of traumatic spine injury. This study investigated the ability of these devices to stabilize the subaxial cervical spine in the presence of flexion-distraction injuries of increasing severity.

Methods

Thirteen human cadaveric subaxial cervical spines (C3–C7) were tested at C5–C6 in flexion–extension, lateral bending and axial rotation in the load-control mode under ±1.5 Nm moments. Six spines were tested with locked screw configuration and seven with variable angle screw configuration. After testing the range of motion (ROM) with implanted device, progressive posterior destabilization was performed in 3 stages at C5–C6.

Results

The anchored spacer device with locked screw configuration significantly reduced C5–C6 flexion–extension (FE) motion from 14.8 ± 4.2 to 3.9 ± 1.8°, lateral bending (LB) from 10.3 ± 2.0 to 1.6 ± 0.8, and axial rotation (AR) from 11.0 ± 2.4 to 2.5 ± 0.8 compared with intact under (p < 0.01). The anchored spacer device with variable angle screw configuration also significantly reduced C5–C6 FE motion from 10.7 ± 1.7 to 5.5 ± 2.5°, LB from 8.3 ± 1.4 to 2.7 ± 1.0, and AR from 8.8 ± 2.7 to 4.6 ± 1.3 compared with intact (p < 0.01). The ROM of the C5–C6 segment with locked screw configuration and grade-3 F-D injury was significantly reduced from intact, with residual motions of 5.1 ± 2.1 in FE, 2.0 ± 1.1 in LB, and 3.3 ± 1.4 in AR. Conversely, the ROM of the C5–C6 segment with variable-angle screw configuration and grade-3 F-D injury was not significantly reduced from intact, with residual motions of 8.7 ± 4.5 in FE, 5.0 ± 1.6 in LB, and 9.5 ± 4.6 in AR.

Conclusions

The locked screw spacer showed significantly reduced motion compared with the intact spine even in the setting of progressive flexion-distraction injury. The variable angle screw spacer did not sufficiently stabilize flexion–distraction injuries. The resulting motion for both constructs was higher than that reported in previous studies using traditional plating. Locked screw spacers may be utilized with additional external immobilization while variable angle screw spacers should not be used in patients with flexion-distraction injuries.     

珊瑚颈椎椎间融合器与钛螺纹状椎体融合器(TFC)的近期临床疗效观察

目的探索珊瑚颈椎椎间融合器与螺纹状椎体融合器(TFC)临床应用的特点和早期治疗效果,观察两种融合器植入后的颈椎的稳定性和植入节段的活动度。方法11例脊髓型颈椎病患者(17个节段)行颈前路椎体间隙减压,6例(11个节段)行珊瑚颈椎间融合器融合术,5例(7个节段)行钛螺纹状椎体融合器(TFC)融合术。手术前后采用JOA标准对颈段脊髓功能进行评分,术后1周、1月摄颈椎前后位片。观察颈椎的稳定性和植入节段的活动度。结果11例例患者均症状明显缓解、脊髓功能改善,其中优(改善率>75%)7例,良(改善率50～74%)2例.中(改善率25～49%)1例,无效(改善率<25%)0例。JOA评分由术前平均7.4分上升至术后13.4分。两组术后1周、1月置换节段稳定,没有偏移和下沉,无异常活动融合牢固。结论采用珊瑚椎间融合器及钛螺纹状椎体融合器(TFC)的椎间融合术早期均能保持颈前路减压的良好效果,同时维持了颈椎的融合稳定度。但颈椎椎间融合器是否能减少对临近节段的影响及其长期的稳定性和脊髓功能的评定尚需临床长期随访,珊瑚颈椎椎间融合术为脊髓型颈椎病的治疗提供了一种新的选择。