133例Ⅲ期鼻咽癌调强放疗的疗效及不良反应分析

背景与目的:调强放疗(intensity-modulated radiation therapy,IMRT)是最大限度提高肿瘤靶区照射剂量的同时明显减少周围正常组织的剂量的放疗技术,调强放疗联合化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌取得了较好的疗效,如何在此基础上进一步提高疗效成为肿瘤学者共同关注的话题.鼻咽癌分期不同,疗效不同,同一分期各亚组间疗效有无差别,尚有待研究.通过回顾性分析临床Ⅲ期鼻咽癌各亚组间调强放疗联合化疗的疗效,探讨进一步提高疗效的方法.方法:对我院2003年1月-2006年6月期间收治的133例临床Ⅲ期鼻咽癌患者进行分析,根据AJCC 2002分期,其中T3N0 7例(5.3％),T3N1 39例(29.3％),T2N2 48例(36.1％),T3N2 39例(29.3％).所有患者均完成调强放疗,124例患者行诱导化疗,其中24例患者行同期化疗,33例患者行辅助化疗.结果:全组5年局部控制率、无远处转移生存率、无瘤生存率和总生存率分别为:90.9％、89.9％、82.5％和83.4％.T2、T3期患者5年局部控制率分别为93.1％、89.4％(x2=0.407,P=0.524),无远处转移生存率分别为91.2％、89.3％(x2=0.152,P=0.697),无瘤生存率分别为86.5％、80.0％(x2=0.899,P=0.343),总生存率分别为81.1％、84.7％(x2=0.311,P=0.577).N0-1、N2期患者5年局部控制率分别为91.1％、90.9％(x2=0.007,P=0.933),无远处转移生存率分别为97.8％、85.8％ (x2=4.69,P=0.030),无瘤生存率分别为88.9％、79.2％(x2=1.746,P=0.183 6),总生存率分别为93.5％、78.1％(x2=5.052,P=0.025).辅助化疗对IMRT Ⅲ期鼻咽癌未能获益,但3、4级毒性不良反应明显增加(48％ vs 27.6％,P＜0.005).结论:对临床Ⅲ期鼻咽癌患者,IMRT联合化疗可以取得较好的疗效,N0-1期较N2期患者有较高的总生存率和无远处转移生存率,进一步提高IMRT Ⅲ期鼻咽癌疗效还需寻找更有效的化疗药物、靶向药物及更合理的联合治疗方案.     

鼻咽癌同步推量调强放疗与传统调强放疗的近远期疗效比较

目的 目前,调强放射治疗技术已被广泛应用于鼻咽癌的治疗中,本研究旨在探讨同步推量调强放射治疗与传统调强放疗治疗在鼻咽癌患者的近期和远期治疗效果.方法 选取2008-04-12-2010-07-01山东省肿瘤医院收住的鼻咽癌患者102例,根据放疗方式不同分为研究组(50例)和对照组(52例).研究组采用同步推量调强放疗,对照组采用传统调强放疗,比较两组的近期有效率、毒副作用和远期疗效.结果 两组总有效率分别为90.0％(45/50)和86.5％(45/52);其近期疗效差异无统计学意义,x2=0.022,P=0.882;研究组和对照组3～4级口腔黏膜急性毒副作用分别为54.0％和55.8％(P=0.858),面颈部皮肤反应分别为4.0％和11.5％(P=0.245);两组5年无进展生存率、总生存率分别为76.0％和69.2％(x2 =1.14,P=0.286)和84.0％、82.7％(x2=0.031,P=0.859).结论 与传统调强放疗相比,同步推量调强放疗在鼻咽癌近期和远期疗效及副作用方面的效果相似,两者差异无统计学意义.     

162例局部晚期未手术老年肺鳞状细胞癌患者预后因素分析

目的 对局部晚期未手术老年肺鳞状细胞癌患者进行回顾性分析,确定影响预后的因素.方法 按纳入标准搜集2010年1月1日至2015年1月1日就诊于山西省肿瘤医院的未手术、局部晚期老年肺鳞状细胞癌患者162例.对相关预后因素分别进行Kaplan-Meier单因素和Cox回归多因素分析.结果 162例患者中位年龄73.6岁,总体中位生存期为19.4个月,1年生存率为71.0％,2年生存率为35.9％.Kaplan-Meier单因素分析示:年龄(x2=7.94,P=0.005)、美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)评分(x2=42.12,P=0.000)、放化疗联合与否(x2=14.99,P=0.000)是影响生存的预后因素.Cox回归多因素分析示:ECOG评分(HR=0.30,95％ CI为0.19 ～0.46,P=0.000)、N分期(HR =0.65,95％CI为0.44 ～0.95,P =0.026)是影响预后的独立因素.结论 ECOG评分和N分期是影响未手术、局部晚期老年肺鳞状细胞癌患者生存期的独立预后因素.     

鼻咽癌常规放疗与调强放疗的临床研究

目的:比较鼻咽癌不同放疗方式的远期并发症发生情况及远期疗效.方法:采用门诊随访、电话随访、随访信等方式,调查2003-01-01-2006-07-31在我院行放射治疗的145例鼻咽癌患者临床资料,分析不同放疗方式远期并发症发生率及远期疗效.其中常规放疗68例,调强放疗77例.随访的远期并发症包括口干、张口受限、放射性龋齿、听力下降、颈部纤维化等.所有的远期并发症均视为二分类变量.结果:常规放疗组和调强放疗组口干、颈部纤维化的发生率分别为94.1％和61.0％(x2=22 012,P＜0.01)、41.2％和15.6％(x2=11.839,P=0.001),张口受限、放射性龋齿、听力下降的发生率分别为35.3％和26 0％(x2 =1.484,P=0.223)、35.3％和28.6％(x2=0.753,P=0.385)、52.9％和40.0％,x2 =2.846,P=0.092.常规放疗组和调强放疗组5年生存率分别为60.5％和77.4％,x2=4.320,P=0.038.结论:鼻咽癌调强放疗远期并发症的发生率低于常规放疔,远期疗效明显优于常规放疔,但调强放疔仍存在部分远期并发症,影响患者的生存质量.     

食管癌根治性放疗后局部复发再程三维适形放疗临床分析

目的 研究食管癌根治性放疗后局部复发行再程三维适形放疗(3DCRT)的安全性、疗效及影响生存预后因素.方法 回顾性分析2010年1月至2014年4月本院收治的46例食管癌根治性放疗后局部复发行3DCRT再程治疗患者的治疗效果,并应用Log-rank进行单因素预后分析,用Cox比例风险模型进行预后的多因素分析.结果 6例患者未完成放疗,40例患者顺利完成放疗,3DCRT总有效率为80.0％ (32/40).1、2年生存率分别为47.5％ (19/40)、20.0％ (8/40).再程放疗中出现2+3级的放射性消化道反应19例(47.5％)、放射性肺炎14例(35.0％)、造血系统毒性反应6例(15.0％)、心脏毒性4例(10.0％),全组均未出现4度以上放射性损伤及治疗相关性死亡.单因素分析显示年龄(x2=8.432,P=0.015)、放疗间隔时间(x2=7.006,P=0.008)、放疗剂量(x2=18.718,P=0.000)、大体肿瘤体积(GTV) (x2=10.121,P=0.006)、辅助化疗(x2=5.014,P=0.025)、肿瘤长度(x2=7.391,P=0.025)、野内复发(x2 =9.933,P=0.002)、肿瘤控制情况(x2=14.665,P=0.001)与预后密切相关;病变部位有影响总生存的趋势(x2=5.493,P=0.064);多因素分析显示年龄(x22=4.759,P=0.029)、放疗间隔时间(x2 =4.139,P=0.041)、GTV (x2=4.799,P=0.024)、肿瘤控制情况(x2=4.501,P=0.030)是影响总生存时间的重要因素.结论 对于食管癌根治性放疗后局部复发患者,3DCRT再程放疗虽然毒性反应大,但其可提高近期疗效.年龄、放疗间隔时间、GTV、肿瘤控制情况是再程放疗的预后因素.     

雷替曲塞联合奈达铂同步放疗治疗食管癌术后局部复发的临床研究

目的 探讨根治术后局部复发食管鳞状细胞癌患者应用雷替曲塞联合奈达铂化疗并同步调强放疗的疗效、安全性和预后因素.方法 选取2011年10月至2015年3月四川省肿瘤医院诊治的54例根治术后局部复发食管鳞状细胞癌患者,采用雷替曲塞联合奈达铂化疗并同步调强放疗.放疗剂量60 ～ 66 Gy/30 ～ 33次.在放疗过程中至少完成2周期化疗,雷替曲塞3mg/m2,第1天,奈达铂80 mg/m2,第1天,21 d为一周期.结果 54例患者完全缓解4例(7.4％),部分缓解38例(70.4％),客观缓解率为77.8％.1、2、3年生存率和中位总生存时间分别为62.9％、27.5％、12.2％和18.0个月.1、2年无疾病进展生存率和中位无疾病进展时间分别为33.9％、12.6％和8.0个月.单因素分析显示近期疗效(x2=3.935,P=0.047)、复发部位(x2=11.280,P=0.001)和术后病理分期(x2=5.141,P=0.023)与生存率相关.COX多因素回归分析显示近期疗效(x2=6.044,P =0.014)、复发部位(x2=7.019,P=0.013)和术后病理分期(x2=3.404,P=0.036)足独立的预后因素.≥3级白细胞减少、血红蛋白降低、血小板降低发生率分别为24.1％、3.7％、13.0％.胃肠道不良反应为1～2级恶心呕吐和急性腹泻,发生率分别为18.5％、7.4％.1～2级急性放射性食管炎、急性放射性肺炎发生率为27.8％、20.4％.结论 雷替曲塞联合奈达铂化疗并同步调强放疗治疗根治术后局部复发食管鳞状细胞癌可获得较好的临床缓解率和生存率,且不良反应轻,值得进一步随机对照临床研究.治疗后近期疗效好,单部位复发和术后病理分期早的患者预后较好.     

HCC伴PVTT经肝动脉-门静脉联合化疗栓塞疗效观察

目的对原发性肝癌(HCC)伴门静脉癌栓(PVTT)的患者行肝动脉-门静脉联合化疗栓塞治疗后1年内的疗效进行观察。方法 选择符合纳入标准的HCC伴PVTT患者124例进行肝动脉-门静脉联合化疗栓塞治疗,观察治疗后在肿瘤及门脉癌栓变化、AFP变化、生存质量及生存率方面随访其1年内的疗效。结果 AFP变化,介入后转阴率为27.4%。治疗后肿瘤及门静脉癌栓变化,CR 6例(4.8%),PR 39例(31.5%),NC 45例(36.3%),PD 34例(27.4%)。治疗后1月、3月生存质量较前提高,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),治疗后1年较前降低,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。生存率方面,治疗后1月、3月、6月和1年生存率分别100.0%、89.1%、71.6%和58.3%。结论 肝动脉-门静脉联合化疗栓塞治疗HCC伴PVTT患者改善生存质量、提高生存率方面均有较明显的短期疗效。     

常规分割三维适形放疗结合介入治疗肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓的疗效

目的肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓预后极差,本研究的目的是评价常规分割三维适形放射治疗结合经皮介入肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓的疗效.方法对32例不能手术切除的肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓患者采用三维适形放射治疗结合经皮介入肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗,三维适形放射治疗采用DT2 Gy/次,5次/周;根据肿瘤体积大小,给予DT45 Gy～60 Gy/23～30次,对于肿瘤体积比较大,不能耐受高剂量放射治疗的病人,在肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓达到处方剂量后,缩野针对门静脉癌栓加量至DT60 Gy/30次.观察近期疗效,用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,采用COX比例风险模型作多因素分析.结果原发灶肿瘤缓解率68.8%,门静脉癌栓缓解率87.5%,1、2、3年累积生存率分别是56.3%、31.3%、21.9%,中位生存期15个月.多因素分析显示卡氏评分、Child分级是影响预后的主要因素(P＜0.05).血清转氨酶升高和放射性肝损伤是常见的并发症.结论常规分割三维适形放射治疗结合经皮介入肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓有较好的疗效,肝功能Child分级、卡氏评分是影响预后的主要因素.     

肝细胞肝癌伴门静脉/下腔静脉癌栓接受与不接受放射治疗的比较

目的探讨肝细胞肝癌患者伴门静脉和或下腔静脉癌栓接受外放射治疗的疗效。方法回顾总结近8年180例原发性肝细胞肝癌伴门静脉和或下腔静脉癌栓患者,其中66例接受直线加速器外放疗作为放疗组,114例未接受外放疗作为对照组,放疗组与对照组间影响患者的主要预后因素除肿瘤标志物有差别外,其他因素无明显差别。放疗组放疗方法为常规分割,局部放疗癌栓,放射治疗剂量介于36～60Gy(中位50Gy)。放射治疗中及治疗后随访肝功能、影像学检查和生存情况。应用Cox回归模型,多因素分析比较两组的生存期。结果66例癌栓患者接受外放射治疗,22例(33.3%)患者癌栓完全缓解,16例(24.2%)部分缓解,26例(39.4%)稳定,2例(3.1%)进展;1年生存率27.9%,中位生存期7.3个月。对照组1年生存率为12.3%,中位生存期为4个月。多因素回归分析显示,外放射治疗显示出很强的保护因素(RR=0.408,P<0.001)。放疗组病人生存情况与甲胎蛋白水平无关;但与γ-GT水平、肝内病灶单多发、癌栓存在的部位有关。死亡原因多为肝内肿瘤未控制导致肝衰。对照组下腔静脉系统癌栓患者生存情况比门静脉癌栓患者差,相反,放疗组下腔静脉癌栓患者的生存情况好于门静脉癌栓患者。结论结合外放射治疗可明显延长肝细胞肝癌伴有门静脉和或下腔静脉癌栓患者的生存期,肝内原发肿瘤灶为单发的癌栓患者,放射治疗更能延长其生存期。     

介入治疗联合三维适形放疗治疗肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓疗效观察

目的评价三维适形放射治疗结合经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓的疗效。方法对36例不能手术切除的肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓患者,采用三维适形放射治疗结合经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞进行治疗,放射治疗采用常规分割,总量介于36～60 Gy之间,观察近期疗效,用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析。结果肿瘤缓解率为47.2%,1,2,3年累积生存率分别是55.5%、38.9%和22.2%,中位生存期11.2个月。放射性肝炎是最常见的并发症。结论介入治疗联合三维适形放疗治疗肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓有较好的疗效。对何种治疗剂量较为合适以及治疗方法先后顺序的选择,还需进一步探讨。     

Comparison of the clinical characteristics and survival between Uyghur patients with hepatitis virus-related and non-B,non-C hepatocellular carcinoma in Xinjiang,China

Objective

To compare the clinical characteristics and prognosis between hepatitis virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (viral HCC) and non-B, non-C HCC (NBC-HCC) among Uyghur patients in Xinjiang province, China.

Methods

Between 01/01/2000 and 31/12/2012, 319 Uyghur HCC patients were treated at the Cancer Centre of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. The data for the patients were obtained from a retrospective review of the patients’ medical records. A total of 18 patients were excluded from the study because of incomplete information. The patients were classified into two groups: viral HCC and NBC-HCC. The clinical characteristics and prognostic factors were statistically analysed.

Results

For all 301 patients, gender (P=0.000), area of residence (P=0.002), diabetes mellitus (P=0.009), BMI (P=0.000), cirrhosis (P=0.000), tumour stage (P=0.004), Child-Pugh class (P=0.000), the TBIL level (P=0.000), and the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level (P=0.000) were significantly different between the NBC-HCC and viral HCC groups. The NBC-HCC patients tended to be diagnosed at advanced stages; however, the NBC-HCC patients exhibited lower Child-Pugh scores than the viral HCC patients. In all patients examined, the 0.5-, 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 35.6%, 20.3%, 12.6% and 4.5%, respectively. No significant difference in OS was observed between the two groups (P=0.124). Cox multivariate analysis revealed that age (RR =1.539, P=0.001), TNM stage (RR =12.708, P=0.000), portal vein tumour thrombus (PVTT) (RR =2.003, P=0.000), Child-Pugh class (RR =1.715, P=0.000), and TACE + radiotherapy/RFA (RR =0.567, P=0.000) were significant independent prognostic factors for HCC patients.

Conclusions

The clinical characteristics differ between Uyghur patients with NBC-HCC and viral HCC. HCC in the Xinjiang region displays specific regional characteristics. Age, TNM stage, PVTT, Child-Pugh class and TACE + radiotherapy/RFA are significant risk factors that influence patient survival.     

经肝动脉化疗栓塞联合射频消融治疗原发性肝细胞癌合并门静脉癌栓的预后影响因素分析

背景与目的：经肝动脉化疗栓塞（transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)是否为治疗原发性肝细胞癌（hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC）合并门静脉癌栓（portal vein tumor thrombus,PVTT）的绝对禁忌,目前尚无定论。该研究旨在探讨TACE联合射频消融（radiofrequency ablation,RFA）治疗HCC合并PVTT的预后影响因素。方法：回顾性分析2011年1月1日—2013年12月31日于郑州大学附属肿瘤医院行TACE联合RFA治疗的HCC合并PVTT的157例患者的临床资料及随访数据,单因素及多因素Cox回归分析人口学资料、实验室指标及临床资料与生存时间和肿瘤转移复发情况的关系。结果：多因素Cox回归结果显示,在调整和控制其他因素后,血清白蛋白（albumin,ALB）水平为TACE联合RFA治疗后HCC合并PVTT患者3年生存及降低肿瘤复发转移风险的保护性因素,术前甲胎蛋白（alpha-fetoprotein,AFP）、丙氨酸转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）、天门冬氨酸转氨酶（aspartate transaminase,AST）水平、门静脉癌栓部位及肝功能Child Pugh分级为患者3年生存的独立危险因素;AFP、AST水平及门静脉癌栓部位为肿瘤复发转移的独立危险因素。结论：TACE联合RFA并非治疗HCC合并PVTT的绝对禁忌,在治疗前对患者进行相关因素评估有助于更好地选择治疗方法和时机,从而提高HCC治疗水平。     

肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓不同治疗方法的疗效比较

目的 比较不同治疗方法对肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓的治疗效果。方法 回顾分析84例肝细胞癌合并门静脉癌栓患者的临床资料。按不同治疗方法分成5组：手术切除 癌栓取出 术后肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)和胸腺肽治疗组(A组)9例;手术切除 癌栓取出 术后TACE治疗组(B组)20例;手术切除 癌栓取出组(C组)7例;TACE治疗组(D组)38例;保守治疗组(E组)10例。比较各组癌栓变化和生存期。结果A、B、C、D、E各组对癌栓治疗有效率分别为66．7％、70．0％、57．1％、7．9％和0,中位生存期分别为10．0,7．0,8．0,5．0和2．0个月,1年生存率分别为44．4％、15．0％、14．3％、10．5％和0。结论 手术切除 癌栓取出术可清除大部分癌栓,术后TACE可进一步提高患者的生存率。     

TACE联合3DCRT治疗肝癌伴门静脉癌栓疗效分析

目的：分析肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）结合三维适形放射治疗对原发性肝癌（HCC）并门静脉癌栓（PVVT）的疗效。方法：2004年10月至2009年10月,共收治32例HCC合并PVVT患者,采用肝动脉化疗栓塞联合三维适形放射治疗,观察肿瘤及癌栓的近期疗效,用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,采用Cox比例风险模型作多因素分析。结果：原发灶肿瘤近期有效率71.9%,癌栓有效率为81.3%。平均生存时间为20.63±1.23个月,中位生存时间为19.0±1.02个月。多因素分析显示肿瘤分期、癌栓类型、肝功Child-Pugh分级、卡氏评分是影响预后的主要因素（P〈0.05）。结论：TACE联合3DCRT治疗肝癌合并PVTT疗效好,损伤小,易耐受,是治疗HCC合并PVTT有效治疗方法。     

TACE联合3DCRT治疗肝癌伴门静脉癌栓疗效分析

目的:分析肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)结合三维适形放射治疗对原发性肝癌(HCC)并门静脉癌栓(PVVT)的疗效。方法:2004年10月至2009年10月,共收治32例HCC合并PVVT患者,采用肝动脉化疗栓塞联合三维适形放射治疗,观察肿瘤及癌栓的近期疗效,用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,采用Cox比例风险模型作多因素分析。结果:原发灶肿瘤近期有效率71.9%,癌栓有效率为81.3%。平均生存时间为20.63±1.23个月,中位生存时间为19.0±1.02个月。多因素分析显示肿瘤分期、癌栓类型、肝功Child-Pugh分级、卡氏评分是影响预后的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论:TACE联合3DCRT治疗肝癌合并PVTT疗效好,损伤小,易耐受,是治疗HCC合并PVTT有效治疗方法。     

A successful case of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal venous tumor thrombus (Vp2) treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

We reported a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal venous tumor thrombus (PVTT) (Vp2) successfully treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), and the tumor showed complete response and the patient survived for 28 months. A 67-year-old male was diagnosed with HCC in the area of subsegment 5 with PVTT from the P5 to the posterior branch. He was treated by segmental TACE. The tumor markers decreased within normal limits, and localized hepatic infraction in the subsegment 5 and atrophy of the PVTT were recognized. He survived for 28 months with no tumor recurrence after the first TACE. This case suggested that embolization might play a part of treatment to HCC with PVTT, if the liver function was preserved and the lesion of liver infraction was limited.     

Correlation of four vascular specific growth factors with carcinogenesis and portal vein tumor thrombus formation in human hepatocellular carcinoma

The aim of the present study was to detect the correlation between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin 2 (Ang2), ephrinB2 and endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF) and carcinogenesis or portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) formation in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The expression of VEGF, Ang2, ephrinB2 and EG-VEGF was detected by RT-PCR in 54 cases HCC without PVTT (group A), 9 cases HCC with PVTT (group B), 10 normal liver tissues (group D) and 10 cirrhosis tissues (group C). The samples were also stained with CD34 by immunohistochemistry. Quantitation of microvessel density (MVD) and semi-quantitation of VEGF, Ang2, ephrinB2 and EG-VEGF expression were analyzed to find the relations. The MVD was 146.69 +/- 77.79, 214.07 +/- 54.41, 32.85 +/- 8.49 and 34.83 +/- 8.29 in group A-D respectively with significant difference (F = 19.77, P = 0.000). The MVD in group A was higher than that in group C P = 0.006, but lower than that in group B P < or = 0.05 or 0.01. The expression levels of VEGF165, VEGF189, Ang2 and EG-VEGF mRNA were significantly different among the groups. The expression levels of VEGF165, Ang2 and EG-VEGF mRNA in group A were all higher than those in group C, but lower than those in group B P < 0.05 or 0.01. The MVD was significantly correlated with VEGF165, VEGF189, Ang2 and EG-VEGF mRNA with Spearman's related coefficient being 0.764, 0.510, 0.640 and 0.366 in HCC (P = 0.000, 0.000 0.000 and 0.003). In conclusion VEGF, Ang2 and EG-VEGF mRNA may play a role in angiogenesis and carcinogenesis of HCC. They can promote PVTT formation in HCC by modulating angiogenesis.     

Transarterial chemoembolization compared with conservative treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: using a new classification

We aimed to compare the survival benefit of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with conservative treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT), furthermore, to reveal which PVTT types benefit from TACE treatment. From August 2007 to January 2010, a prospective controlled study was performed on consecutive patients with advanced HCC and PVTT. Of a total of 150 patients, 115 were treated with TACE (lipiodol and anticancer agents ± gelatin sponge embolization), and 35 who refused to accept the procedure were treated with conservative treatment. We performed survival analysis of the two treatment groups and then stratified by a new classification of PVTT that was divided into four types. Overall survival was significantly better in the TACE group than in the conservative group (8.67?months vs. 1.4?months, P?相似文献   

Prospective trial of combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for portal vein tumor thrombus in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

PURPOSE: We conducted a prospective trial of combined transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) for portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of this trial regime. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with unresectable HCC complicated with tumor thrombus in the first branch of portal vein were selected as eligible for this study. TACE was performed using Lipiodol, epirubicin hydrochloride, and mitomycin, followed by gelatin sponge cubes. The 3D-CRT was performed targeting the clinical target volume (CTV) defined as PVTT only to a total dose of 60 Gy using 10-MV accelerator. RESULTS: A total of 19 patients were enrolled in this study. Survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 40.6% and 10.2%, respectively. The median survival time was 7.0 months. An objective response was observed in 11 of 19 cases (57.9%). Recanalization of the first portal branches was not observed; however, the protrusion of PVTT into the main portal trunk decreased in all cases. Growth of intrahepatic metastasis outside the 3D-CRT field was observed in 12 cases (63%). Deterioration of the Child-Pugh Score was observed in 5 of 6 cases with the percent volume of the total liver receiving a dose exceeding 30 Gy (V(30)) > or =40%, vs. 2 of 13 cases with a V(30) <40% (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This combined therapy was feasible. Our results indicate that V(30) was a predictive test for deterioration of liver function. Further investigation of treatment modalities is needed to prevent the growth of intrahepatic metastasis.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗原发性肝癌的预后因素分析

目的：探讨影响肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗原发性肝癌预后的相关因素,为原发性肝癌患者选择个体化治疗方案及估计预后提供参考。方法：回顾性分析2003年6月-2012年6月石河子大学医学院第一附属医院实施肝动脉化疗栓塞的153例患者的临床资料及随访数据,生存分析采用生命表法,相关因素分析行 Log -rank 检验,多因素分析采用 Cox 模型,筛选出影响预后的因素。结果：随访至2013年6月30日153例患者失访15例（9.8%）,原发性肝癌患者经肝动脉化疗栓塞后1、3、5年生存率分别为55.92%、31.02%、21.18%。单因素分析结果显示肝功能分级、甲胎蛋白（AFP）、肿瘤大小、肿瘤数目、门脉癌栓及治疗次数是影响预后的因素;Cox 风险回归分析显示肝功能分级、肿瘤数目、门脉癌栓及治疗次数是影响预后的独立因素（P <0.05）。结论：肝功能分级、肿瘤数目、门脉癌栓为影响原发性肝癌介入治疗预后的独立危险因素,而治疗次数是影响预后的保护性因素。