尿液分析仪检测尿液白细胞的探讨

目的探讨尿液分析仪临床用于检测尿液白细胞的价值。方法采用罗氏Urisys 1800尿液分析仪、AVE-764B尿液有形成分分析仪和显微镜,随机对2011年9月至2012年1月的200例门诊患者尿样进行检测,比较三种方法检验结果的符合程度。结果显微镜镜检白细胞阳性率24%,AVE-764B尿液有形成分分析仪阳性率30%,二者联合检验出尿样阳性者52例;显微镜镜检与罗氏Urisys 1800尿液分析仪联合阳性率30.1%,二者联合检验出尿样阳性者54例;罗氏Urisys 1800尿液分析仪与AVE-764B尿液有形成分分析仪二者联合检验出尿样阳性者35例;罗氏Urisys 1800尿液分析仪、AVE-764B尿液有形成分分析仪和显微镜三者联合检测尿液白细胞阳性尿样仅19例。结论罗氏Urisys 1800尿液分析仪和AVE-764B尿液有形成分分析仪检测尿液白细胞虽然具有检测轻松、快捷等优点,但临床上并不能完全替代显微镜。     

教你看懂尿常规化验单

在医院的检验科,除了血液检查之外,尿液也是检测内容之一。检查尿液主要是为了检验肾脏、膀胱等泌尿系统是否正常。尿常规检查除了从感官上用肉眼判别外,主要通过半自动尿液自动化学分析仪、全自动尿液分析仪和显微镜辅助检测。其中检测项目的多少,根据各个医院的仪器性能不同而有所区别,主要包括8项尿液分析仪、9项尿液分析仪、10项尿液分析仪和11项尿液分析仪。主要的检测内容包括以下8项,有的医院检测项目还涵盖了尿白细胞、尿比密和维生素C检测。     

尿液分析仪结合显微镜红细胞计数法在尿液潜血检验中的效果及准确率分析

目的：分析尿液分析仪+显微镜红细胞计数法联合用于尿液潜血检验的效果及准确性。方法：研究对象选择2022年1月～2022年6月在本单位接受尿液潜血检验的40例患者，先后为患者采取显微镜红细胞计数法检验、尿液分析仪检验、尿液分析仪+显微镜红细胞计数法联合检验。将显微镜红细胞计数法作为金标准方法，计算尿液分析仪检验、尿液分析仪+显微镜红细胞计数法联合检验的诊断准确率、漏诊率、误诊率、灵敏度，特异度。结果：以显微镜红细胞计数法作为对照，尿液分析仪检验的灵敏度为87.5%，特异度为90.63%，诊断准确率为90%，漏诊率为12.5%，误诊率为9.37%。以显微镜红细胞计数法作为对照，尿液分析仪+显微镜红细胞计数法的灵敏度为100%，特异度为96.67%，诊断准确率为97.5%，漏诊率为0，误诊率为3.33%。尿液分析仪+显微镜红细胞计数法的灵敏度、特异度、诊断准确率均高于尿液分析仪检验，漏诊率和误诊率均低于尿液分析仪检验。结论：与显微镜红细胞计数法相比，尿液分析仪+显微镜红细胞计数法及尿液分析仪检验均有较高应用价值，且尿液分析仪+显微镜红细胞计数法价值更高。     

尿液分析仪和显微镜镜检法检测尿液WBC对比分析

目的探讨尿液分析仪和显微镜镜检法检测尿液白细胞(WBC)结果,找出检测方法。方法用尿液分析仪和显微镜镜检法同时对1894例尿液标本进行白细胞的检测。结果尿液分析仪检测白细胞结果为阴性者,镜检法检出白细胞超出正常范围(4个/HP)的占1.1%,而白细胞镜检范围在0~4个HP时(正常范围)尿液分析仪的结果呈阳性(±~+++)却占34.87%。结论尿液分析仪和显微镜镜检法测定尿液白细胞之间不成正比关系,尿液分析仪不能代替显微镜镜检法对尿液白细胞的检测。     

MA-4210型电脑化尿液分析仪故障检修二例

MA-4210型电脑化尿液分析仪是根据双波长光反射原理制成集电子、光学、机械等技术于一体的半自动分析仪,它与URIFET系列尿液分析仪专用试纸带相配套,可在30秒钟内方便、准确地测出人体尿液中的八种成分含量,仪器由光学(光电转换系统)、扫描机构(光     

尿液分析仪对比尿沉渣镜检法检测尿红、白细胞的分析与探讨

目的:探讨尿液分析仪对比尿沉渣镜检法检测尿红、白细胞的结果的差异,判定尿液分析仪在临床的应用价值。方法:分别采用本院iq2000尿液分析仪和尿沉渣镜检法对本院1325份尿液标本进行红细胞以及白细胞的检测,将两种不同检测方法尿液的红细胞以及白细胞的情况进行对比分析,以尿沉渣镜检为金标准来判定尿液分析仪的准确情况。结果:尿液分析仪组的红细胞真阳性为521例,真阴性为782例,灵敏度为95.9%,特异度为97.3%;尿液分析仪组的白细胞真阳性为569例,真阴性为738例,灵敏度为96.9%,特异度为97.6%。结论:尿液分析仪联合尿沉渣镜检法能够降低漏检率,提高检测的精准度,能够较好的为临床的诊断以及治疗提供有效的检测依据,临床上尿液分析仪能作为一个筛选试验检查。     

探讨多台尿液分析仪的比对

目的对我科室的尿液分析仪的结果进行比对,探讨本实验室同一检测系统中尿液分析仪测定结果的一致性。方法随机选择22份住院病人的晨尿进行尿11项测定。结果同一检测系统的尿液分析仪的相关性很好。结论根据NCCLS文件EP9-A的要求对尿液分析仪进行比对,表明我科尿液分析仪的结果具有可比性。     

尿液分析仪和镜检法在尿液检测中的应用

目的:探讨尿液分析仪和镜检法在尿液检测中的应用效果。方法:选择2016年1月~2016年12月在本院行尿液检测人员350例作为本次研究的对象,本次所有尿液标本均采用日本OLYMPUS光学显微镜以及优利特500B尿液分析仪进行检测。比较两种检测方法对所有被检尿液检测的白细胞阳性率、红细胞阳性率。结果:采用尿液分析仪与镜检法对被检尿液进行检测,尿液分析仪检测的白细胞阳性率、红细胞阳性率分别为21.2%(74/350)、19.4%(68/350),而镜检法结果依次为37.1%(130/350)、10.3%(36/350),依该结果,尿液分析仪检测白细胞阳性率明显低于镜检法,而红细胞阳性率明显高于镜检法,组间差异具有显著性,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:与镜检法相比,对尿液标本行尿液分析仪检测法,其敏感性较高,操作简单,节省人力,重复性好,适用于大批量的检验工作,但在肾和泌尿系统疾病的检查及诊断等方面,镜检法仍具有极为重要的应用价值,检测工作中应联合两种方法,可以使两种方法互补,增加检测结果的可靠性,最大限度的发挥尿液检测的作用。     

干化学尿液分析仪的原理和使用

尿液分析仪是测定尿中某些化学成分的自动化仪器,它是医学实验室尿液自动化检查的重要工具,此种仪器具有操作简单、快速等优点.但是尿液分析仪人使用不当和许多中间环节及影响因素都直接影响自动化分析结果的准确性,不仅会引起实验结果的误差.甚至延误诊断因此要求操作者对自动化仪器的原理、性能、注意事项及影响因素等方面的知识在有充分的了解,正确地使用自动化仪器,这样才能使尿液分析仪得出的结果更可靠、准确.     

浅谈尿液分析仪影响结果因素探讨

尿液分析仪是测定尿中某些化学成分的自动化仪器,它是医学实验室尿液自动化检查的重要工具,此种仪器具有操作简单、快速等优点.但是尿液分析仪人为使用不当和许多中间环节及影响因素都直接影响自动化分析结果的准确性,不仅会引起实验结果的误差,甚至延误诊断.因此,要求操作者正确地使用自动化仪器,才能使检测结果准确、可靠.现将尿液分析仪临床检测影响结果的因素进行分析探讨:     

尿液分析仪的设计

本文设计的尿液分析仪是采用光学、电子、计算机等技术,用于尿液临床检测的高精度智能化仪器。光学部分采用低功耗、高亮度、长寿命的LED发光管作为发光源,以光谱响应范围宽、转换效率高、线性响应好的硅光电池作为光敏接收器件。电子及计算机部分采用8位高速单片机C8051F020,仪器由液晶显示器以中英文方式显示人机对话窗口,并能保存测试结果以供查询,仪器具有自动探测有无试纸、自动启动测试及自动卸条功能。     

UF-1000i尿沉渣仪与XT-1800i血球仪联合检测在脑脊液细胞计数中的应用

目的：探讨联合应用UF-1000i尿沉渣仪与XT-1800i血球仪进行脑脊液细胞计数的可行性。方法：分别用UF-1000i尿沉渣仪和XT-1800i血球仪测定102例脑脊液标本的细胞数,并与Neubauer计数板结果进行对比。结果：当UF-1000i尿沉渣仪的WBC〈5×109/L、RBC〈10×109/L,且XT-1800i血球仪的WBC≥0.5×109/L、RBC≥10×109/L时,线性良好,结果准确,与Neubauer计数板结果间具有良好的相关性（P〉0.05）。结论：联合应用UF-1000i尿沉渣仪与XT-1800i血球仪几乎可对所有脑脊液标本进行快速、准确的细胞计数,具有较高的临床实用价值。     

尿液流式细胞分析仪红细胞激光参数与相差显微镜尿红细胞形态学相关性分析

目的研究尿液流式细胞分析仪RBC激光参数与相差显微镜尿红细胞形态学的相关性。方法对500份新鲜尿标本,采用日本UF-100流式细胞分析仪分析RBC激光参数与相差显微镜尿红细胞形态学之间的关系。结果观察相差显微镜与流式细胞分析仪RBC-info尿红细胞均一型、变异型、混合型形态符合率分别为91.4%、94.4%、83.3%,与RBC-70Fsc符合率分别是94.9%、95.7%、94.7%,与RBC-Fsc-DW符合率分别是84.4%、86.8%、90.5%,流式细胞分析仪与相差显微镜的特异性在肾小球性血尿和非肾小球性血尿分别是84.3%、88.1%和83.3%、87.9%。结论UF-100测定RBC-info、RBC-P70Fsc及RBC-Fsc-DW参数与相差显微镜镜尿红细胞形态学均高度相关,显示全自动UF-100流式细胞分析仪具有操作简便、快速、准确性高等优点,对临床肾脏疾病的诊断、治疗以及预后判断具有指导意义,值得推广应用。     

尿液分析仪的测试原理与故障排除

目的:介绍尿液分析仪的结构、测试原理、临床应用以及故障排除的方法.方法:通过了解其结构组成和测试原理,结合仪器维修情况,对仪器不自检、显示屏无显示和测试结果显示“error”无检测结果进行故障分析排除.结果:通过对仪器的保养与维修,保证仪器可以正常使用.结论:尿液分析仪在日常使用中,要求工程师熟悉仪器原理,加强仪器的日常保养和维护,保证仪器在最佳状态下工作才能最大程度发挥其长处,提高尿液分析质量     

Centenary of tele-electrocardiography and telephonocardiography

In the history of electrocardiography the names of two physiologists stand out: Augustus Waller (1865-1922) and Willem Einthoven (1860-1927). Waller was the first to show that the beating heart produces a weak electric potential, which can be registered by a measuring device connected to electrodes attached to the skin. Einthoven developed a 'string' galvanometer, which was much faster and more sensitive than the system used by Waller. Einthoven's electrocardiograph was ready for use in 1903. To facilitate investigations of patients Einthoven connected his instrument to the Academic Hospital in Leyden, by a telephone line, as suggested by his engineering colleague Johannes Bosscha in Delft. The first successful tele-electrocardiogram was transmitted on Sunday 22 March 1905. The heart tones were registered by wiring a specially developed microphone placed on the subject's chest to another string galvanometer. The event was therefore a first both for tele-electrocardiography and for telephonocardiography. We are still awaiting the full-scale implementation of these achievements, 100 years later.     

Simplification of isoniazid phenotyping procedure to promote its application in the chemotherapy of tuberculosis

In this investigation a simple urine test for phenotyping isoniazid inactivators is evaluated. In the new method, isoniazid is artificially acetylated in urine and determined by the same colour reaction as that used for acetylisoniazid. Comparative studies showed that the test is reliable and can be performed with accuracy and ease even in poorly equipped laboratories. In contrast to other urine tests, it does not require an expensive spectrophotometer, tedious hydrolysis processing of the samples, or standard curves. The results can be read on a plain colorimeter, or even without any instrument.     

Excretion of methylhippuric acids in urine of workers exposed to a xylene mixture: comparison among three xylene isomers and toluene

Summary The correlation between exposure to three xylene isomers and resulting urinary excretion of corresponding methylhippuric acid (MHA) isomers was studied among 175 Chinese workers of both sexes who had been predominantly exposed to xylenes (exposure to xylenes accounting for 70% or more of the total exposure on a ppm basis). Nonexposed controls (281 men and women) were also studied to define the background level of MHAs in urine. The solvent exposure of xylene-exposed workers during their workshift was monitored by diffusive sampling of breathing zone air, and MHAs in shift-end urine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Regression analysis showed that the concentration of each MHA isomer correlated significantly with the time-weighted average intensity of exposure to the corresponding xylene isomer, and therefore the correlation between the sum of three xylene isomers in air and that of three MHA isomers in urine was also significant; the slope of the regression line was essentially the same among the three isomers. The calculated regression line suggested that the urinary MHA level after hypothetical exposure to xylenes at 100 ppm will be somewhat less than the proposed biological exposure index and biological tolerance value. Two social habits of smoking and drinking in combination suppressed the conversion of xylenes to MHAs in male workers.     

Quantitation of urinary o-xylene metabolites of rats and human beings by high performance liquid chromatography

Summary A high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of urinary o-xylene metabolites of rats, volunteers, and workers was described. In rat urine, the major metabolite, indicated by the glucuronic acid reaction, was separated with thin-layer liquid chromatography and identified as o-toluic acid glucuronide by high performance liquid chromatography. Another rather minor metabolite was demonstrated to be o-methyl hippuric acid. One of the major urinary metabolite in volunteers administered o-xylene orally was demonstrated to be o-methylhippuric acid and another minor metabolite was o-toluic acid glucuronide. In the urine of volunteers exposed to 138 ppm of o-xylene for 3 h in an artificial exposure chamber, o-methylhippuric acid was found to be the major metabolite and a minute amount of o-toluic acid glucuronide was found to be the minor metabolite. In the urine of shipbuilding workers, using a thinner containing toluene and xylenes (o-, m- and p-), hippuric acid and methylhippuric acids (o-, m- and p-) were recognized. Thus, urinary o-methylhippuric acid could be an index of o-xylene exposure of workers.     

Reproducibility of urinary phthalate metabolites in first morning urine samples

Phthalates are ubiquitous in our modern environment because of their use in plastics and cosmetic products. Phthalate monoesters--primarily monoethylhexyl phthalate and monobutyl phthalate--are reproductive and developmental toxicants in animals. Accurate measures of phthalate exposure are needed to assess their human health effects. Phthalate monoesters have a biologic half-life of approximately 12 hr, and little is known about the temporal variability and daily reproducibility of urinary measures in humans. To explore these aspects, we measured seven phthalate monoesters and creatinine concentration in two consecutive first-morning urine specimens from 46 African-American women, ages 35-49 years, residing in the Washington, DC, area in 1996-1997. We measured phthalate monoesters using high-pressure liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry on a triple quadrupole instrument using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. We detected four phthalate monoesters in all subjects, with median levels of 31 ng/mL for monobenzyl phthalate (mBzP), 53 ng/mL for monobutyl phthalate (mBP), 211 ng/mL for monoethyl phthalate (mEP), and 7.3 ng/mL for monoethylhexyl phthalate (mEHP). These were similar to concentrations reported for other populations using spot urine specimens. Phthalate levels did not differ between the two sampling days. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the concentrations on the 2 days was 0.8 for mBP, 0.7 for mEHP, 0.6 for mEP, and 0.5 for mBzP. These results suggest that even with the short half-lives of phthalates, women's patterns of exposure may be sufficiently stable to assign an exposure level based on a single first morning void urine measurement.     

一种残余尿快速引流测定装置的研制

目的：研制一种残余尿引流测定装置,实现对患者膀胱内尿液进行快速引流并准确测定。方法：装置由AT89C51型单片机控制板、直流电动机抽排装置和蓝牙残余尿测定装置3个部分组成。单片机控制板通过控制直流电动机抽排装置的启动将残余尿抽至蓝牙残余尿测定装置,从而实时测量残余尿量并将数据传回单片机．在单片机控制板的数码管上实时显示。结果：经模拟测试,该装置能够将预先装入烧杯中的液体快速抽至蓝牙残余尿测定装置,并在控制板上准确显示。结论：该装置能够快速完成残余尿的引流及测定,若能应用于临床尿动力学检查．可大大减轻操作人员的负担。