Mirizzi综合征的腹腔镜治疗及术中处理方法

目的探讨腹腔镜治疗Mirizzi综合征的手术方法及术中处理方法。方法回顾性分析2007年1月-2011年12月16例Mirizzi综合征的临床资料,并对其手术方式及术中处理方法进行总结。结果按照Csendes分型,本组病例分为Ⅰ型10例,Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型1例,Ⅳ型2例。本组患者所行手术方案为胆囊切除、胆囊大部切除、损伤胆管修复、T管引流术或Roux-Y胆管空肠吻合术。结论在腹腔镜下采取不同手术方式对于Mirizzi综合征I型、部分II型是可行的、安全的,术中需要准确诊断Mirizzi综合征,并对其准确分型,避免胆管损伤。     

Mirizzi综合征的临床诊治研究

目的探讨Mirizzi综合征的诊断治疗特点,提高诊断治疗水平。方法对1995年5月￣2006年8月经手术证实的Mirizzi综合征35例的临床资料作回顾性分析。结果35例Mirizzi综合征中仅1例(2.86%)术前确诊。35例中行胆囊切除术11例(31.43%),胆囊大部分切除术3例(8.57%),胆囊切除、胆囊瓣瘘口修补术5例(14.29%),胆囊切除胆总管探查、瘘口修补、"T"管引流术15例(42.86%),胆囊切除、胆总管切开取石、Roux-en-Y胆肠吻合术1例(2.86%)。结论Mirizzi综合征术前确诊困难,术中易损伤胆管。B超和ERCP检查相结合可提高术前确诊率,手术方式应根据病理损伤程度决定。     

Mirizzi综合征22例诊治探讨

目的 探讨Mirizzi综合征的临床表现、影像特点、诊断及治疗。方法 回顾性分析22例经手术证实的Mirizzi综合征患者，结果 22例经手术证实的患者中，术前明确诊断者5例（22.7%)，可疑6例（27.3%)，其余均经手术而确诊，其中同时伴胃瘘、十二指肠瘘各1例。22例均经手术治愈，无死亡，其中胆囊切除9例，胆囊大部切除5例，胆囊（部分）切除、胆管瘘修补、T管支撑引流4例，胆囊切除、肝总管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合3例，1例行胆囊切除、胆总管端端吻合、T管支撑引流术。全组胆管损伤2例，占9.1%。结论 对Mirizzi综合征提高术前诊断率尤为重要，影像学方法对该病有较大帮助，如术前术中证实该病，术中要仔细操作，对不同情况采取不同术式，避免胆管损伤。     

疾病治疗中值得注意的Mirizzi综合征(附24例报告)

目的 提高Mirizzi综合征的识别和减少手术处理上的失误.方法 对1992年1月～2005年10月经手术证实为Mirizzi综合征的24例患者进行回顾(同期胆囊切除术共1771例).结果 24例Mirizzi综合征患者中,Ⅰ型19例(79.2%),Ⅱ型4例(16.7%),Ⅲ型1例(4.2%).仅6例患者术前经ERCP检查得到确诊.其中54.2%的患者在术前伴有症状,1/3患者肝功能检测正常,4例(16.7%)患者发生胆管损伤.Ⅰ型全部行胆囊切除术,Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型作"T"管引流和胆肠内引流术,胆管损伤的4例患者中1例行"T"管引流,其余3例行胆肠内引流术.除1例外,其余Mirizzi综合征患者全部治愈.结论 Mirizzi综合征的术前诊断较困难,ERCP对鉴别胆囊胆管瘘和内镜下置管有帮助,只有在手术中仔细地解剖Calot三角,才能减少发生胆管损伤的可能性.     

Mirizzi综合征36例临床诊断与治疗体会

目的：探讨Mirizzi综合症的诊断治疗特点,以提高其诊断和治疗水平。方法：对36例经手术证实为Mirizzi综合症的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：36例Mirizzi综合症患者中仅4例（11.1%）术前确诊。按Csendes分型,Ⅰ型7例,Ⅱ型18例,Ⅲ型9例,Ⅳ型2例。5例行胆囊切除术,2例行胆囊大部分切除术;胆囊切除、瘘口修补10例,13例行胆囊切除、胆总管探查、瘘口修补、T管引流术;胆囊切除、胆肠吻合术5例。术后恢复好,随访无严重并发症。结论：Mirizzi综合症术前确诊困难,B超结合MRCP/ERCP检查可以提高Mirizzi综合症的术前确诊率,手术容易损伤胆管,手术方式应据病理损伤程度决定。     

Mirizzi综合征的诊断与治疗

目的总结Mirizzi综合征的诊断和治疗经验,探讨其临床特点,提高对该病的认识,避免胆管损伤。方法回顾性分析笔者所在医院2000年3月～2010年3月经手术证实的57例Mirizzi综合征患者的临床资料。结果 I型31例,行单纯胆囊切除术;Ⅱ型16例,行胆囊切除胆道探查术+T管引流;Ⅲ型10例,行胆囊切除+胆道探查+肝圆韧带瘘口修补+T管引流术。57例患者中15例行腹腔镜手术,3例术中解剖困难及出血而中转开腹,2例术中损伤胆道而中转开腹。术后随访时间为3个月～6年,平均3.5年,仅1例胆漏、1例出血而再次手术止血,其余患者均恢复良好。结论 Mirizzi综合征术前确诊较困难,治疗应根据病理损害程度选择适当的手术方式。     

Mirizzi综合征8例临床诊治体会

目的 总结Mirizzi综合征的诊断和治疗经验,探讨其临床特点.方法 对我院2001～2008年在胆囊手术中发现并经手术证实的8例Mirizzi综合征的临床资料进行回顾性分析和总结.结果 8例Mirizzi综合征患者中,术前经ERCP及B超检查明确诊断者仅1例,其余7例均为术中诊断.Ⅰ型5例,行单纯胆囊切除术;Ⅱ型3例,其中行胆囊切除+胆总管探查修补T管引流术2例,胆囊大部切除加胆囊瓣瘘口修补术1例.结论 Mirizzi综合征术前诊断较困难,治疗应根据不同类型选择适当的手术方式.     

Mirizzi综合征14例的手术治疗体会

目的探讨Mirizzi综合征的诊断及治疗。方法回顾性分析14例Mirizzi综合征的临床资料。结果14例均经手术证实,其中术前确诊6例,术中确诊8例,Ⅰ型7例,Ⅱ型5例,Ⅲ型2例。手术方式分别采用胆囊切除术,胆囊部分切除术,胆囊切除加胆总管探查T管引流或胆肠内引流术。结论Mirizzi综合征术前诊断困难,对不同病理类型的病例应采取不同的手术方法。     

Mirizzi综合征的腹腔镜治疗

目的探讨腹腔镜治疗Mirizzi综合征的手术方法及疗效。方法回顾分析1993年1月～2007年12月98例Mirizzi综合征的临床资料,对其手术方式进行总结。结果按Csendes分型,Ⅰ型62例,Ⅱ型25例,Ⅲ型8例,Ⅳ型3例。所有患者均作了胆囊切除、瘘口修补或胆囊大部切除、胆管修复、T管引流术。术中胆管损伤1例,术后漏胆1例。结论在腹腔镜下采取不同手术方式和耐心细致的操作可顺利处理Mirizzi综合征。     

Mirizzi综合征的诊断与治疗

目的探讨Mirizzi综合征的病理特点及合理的诊断与治疗方法。方法回顾性分析38例Mirizzi综合征的临床资料。结果38例均采用手术治疗,手术方式包括胆囊切除、胆囊大部分切除、胆囊切除加胆囊管作补片修补瘘口加T管引流和胆肠Roux-Y吻合术。术后无胆管狭窄、胆瘘等并发症。结论Mirizzi综合征是慢性结石性胆囊炎的并发症,B超能为诊断提供线索。术前确诊比较困难,手术是确诊的主要手段。Mirizzi综合征治疗原则是及时手术治疗,切除病变胆囊,取净结石,解除胆道受压所致的梗阻,修复胆管缺损及通畅胆汁引流,术中应避免胆道损伤。根据不同的类型分别采用不同的手术方式。Mirizzi综合征手术治疗效果好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.