血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体拮抗剂与血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂对老年高血压患者心肾功能影响的比较

目的:探讨血管紧张素(Ang)Ⅱ受体拮抗剂-氯沙坦对老年高血压患者心肾靶器官功能的影响.方法:选择老年原发性高血压患者60例,分为氯沙坦组(n=30)及苯那普利组(n=30),观察用药前及用药12周后患者的肾功能、超声心动图的改变.结果:氯沙坦组及苯那普利组肾功能异常者24小时尿白蛋白、β2微球蛋白、糖蛋白均有显著下降(P＜0.01);左心室肥厚者左心室壁厚度、心肌重量指数下降(P＜0.05),二尖瓣舒张早期血流峰值及舒张晚期血流峰值比增加(P＜0.05).结论:氯沙坦可达到苯那普利同样的临床效应,两药均可减少尿蛋白量;改善左心室肥厚及左心室舒张功能.     

缬沙坦长期治疗对原发性高血压患者左心室肥厚及心功能影响的对比研究

目的探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂--缬沙坦对原发性高血压患者左心室肥厚及心功能的影响.方法入选经超声心动图检查证实为原发性高血压的左心室肥厚患者72例,随机分配到缬沙坦组(口服80～160mg/d)或阿替洛尔组(口服25～50 mg/d)(n均=36),治疗8个月,治疗前后各检查一次超声心动图及放射性核素心室显像,对比分析组内治疗前后左心室重量指数及左心功能参数变化和两组间的差异.结果①与治疗前比较,原发性高血压患者在缬沙坦或阿替洛尔治疗8个月后,两组收缩压与舒张压明显下降(159/101 mmHg至142/89 mmHg;161/103 mmHg至145/90mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)(P均＜0.01).②原发性高血压患者在缬沙坦治疗8个月后,左心室后壁与室间隔厚度较治疗前显著下降(P均＜0.05),左心室重量及左心室重量指数下降更显著(P均＜0.01);而在阿替洛尔治疗8个月后左心室后壁与室间隔厚度无明显变化,左心室重量及左心室重量指数下降显著(P＜0.05).③原发性高血压患者在缬沙坦治疗8个月后左心室高峰充盈率明显增加(P＜0.05),而在阿替洛尔治疗8个月后左心室高峰充盈率无明显变化,两组间比较则有明显差别(P＜0.05).结论原发性高血压患者在缬沙坦治疗8个月后可使原发性高血压患者左心室肥厚显著逆转及左心室舒张功能显著改善,缬沙坦对左心室舒张功能的作用优于阿替洛尔.     

老年男性代谢综合征患者心率变异与左心室结构的关系

目的探讨老年男性代谢综合征(MS)患者心率变异与左心室结构的关系。方法选取老年男性191例,分为MS合并高血压组(HMS组)70例,MS组65例,非MS组56例。测定各组血脂、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素水平,测量身高、体重、腰围、血压,并行动态心电图监测及超声心动图检查。结果与非MS组比较,HMS组和MS组患者心率变异各项指标参数均明显下降,左心室重量、左心室重量指数、左心室后壁厚度明显增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),HMS组较MS组下降更明显(P<0.05)。HMS组和MS组胰岛素抵抗指数与左心室重量指数呈正相关(r=0.478,P<0.01;r=0.412,P<0.01),与标准差平均值指数呈负相关(r=-0.363,P<0.01;r=0.296,P<0.01)。结论老年男性代谢因素对自主神经功能有影响。高血压合并MS患者代谢因素与血流动力学因素一样也可导致左心室重构。胰岛素抵抗是影响左心室重构的独立危险因素。     

2型糖尿病合并原发性高血压患者的动态血压及脉压和左心室结构功能的关系

目的 :探讨 2型糖尿病 (DM)、原发性高血压 (EH)及DM +EH时 2 4小时动态血压和脉压的变化特点及与左心室结构和功能的关系。　　方法 :将 2 45例患者分为DM组 (n =72 )、EH组 (n =96)及DM +EH组 (n =77) ,进行动态血压及超声心动图检查。　　结果 :DM +EH组全天收缩压、全天脉压、左心室重量显著大于DM组及EH组 (P <0 0 5 )。左心室射血分数、短轴缩短率、舒张早期血流峰值速度 /舒张晚期血流峰值速度 (E/A)值、等容舒张时间 3组间无显著差异。相关分析表明 ,DM组左心室重量和全天脉压相关 (P <0 0 1) ;EH组左心室重量和全天收缩压相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ;DM +EH组左心室重量和全天收缩压及全天脉压相关 (P <0 0 5 )。 3组左心室舒张功能异常患者的全天收缩压、全天脉压均显著高于左心室舒张功能正常患者 (P均 <0 0 5～ 0 0 1) ,左心室的收缩功能正常患者和异常患者比较 ,2 4小时动态血压和脉压值均无显著差异 (P均 >0 0 5 )。　　结论 :DM组、EH组和DM +EH组 3组患者全天收缩压、全天脉压及左心室重量有显著差异 ,左心室重量和血压及脉压的相关性在 3组患者中不完全一致 ,可能与 3组患者体液及压力因素在左心室肥厚中的作用各不相同有关。     

老年人Barrett食管的内镜表现及病理特征分析

目的 探讨老年人与非老年人Barrett食管(Barrett's esophagus,BE)的内镜表现及病理特征.方法 将371例BE患者根据年龄分老年组(254例)和非老年组(117例),并对其内镜表现及病理特征进行对比分析.结果 老年组和非老年组BE检出率分别为2.9%和0.9%(χ2=127.8,P＜0.01).2004-2008年,老年组与非老年组BE检出率均呈逐年上升趋势.老年组中有典型反流症状者112例(44.1%),非老年组8718例(66.7%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=55.9,P＜0.01).老年组全周型BE所占比例较非老年组高,差异有统计学意义(28.7%对10.3%,χ2=14.5,P＜0.01),非老年组岛型所占比例较老年组高,差异有统计学意义(59.5%对71.7%,χ2=4.7,P＜0.05).老年组特异性肠化发生率(42.1%),较非老年组(27.4%)明显升高(χ2=6.9,P＜0.01).老年组中轻中度上皮内瘤变的发生率较非老年组高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.9,P＜0.05).老年组中有2例腺癌,而非老年组未检出腺癌.老年组食管下段Hp检出率为35.5%(65/183),非老年组为40.9%(27/66),两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.40,P＞0.05).结论 老年人BE检出率高于非老年人,老年BE患者特异性肠化生及上皮内瘤变的检出率高于非老年人患者,临床应加强对老年高危人群的随访.     

非小细胞肺癌性别差异的临床研究

目的 分析男性和女性非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者年龄、吸烟史、组织病理学类型、临床表现、临床分期及治疗方案等方面的不同.方法 回顾性分析上海长征医院2002年1月至2008年6月收治的921例确诊为肺癌的患者,分析男女NSCLC患者上述各方面的差异,统计学方法选用t检验和x2检验.结果 921例NSCLC患者中,男性647例,占70.2％,女性274例,占29.8％.女性确诊NSCLC早于男性[(57.9±11.4)岁vs(60.9±10.9)岁,P＜0.01],且女性腺癌患者的平均年龄亦低于男性腺癌患者[(57.9±11.6)岁vs(59.8±11.1)岁,P=0.041].男性鳞癌的比例明显高于女性(39.6％ vs 7.7％,P＜0.01),而女性中腺癌比例高于男性(88.7％ vs 55.2％,P＜0.01).在各型NSCLC患者中,男性吸烟的比例均高于女性(鳞癌:86.3％ vs 9.5％,P＜0.01;腺癌:68.1％ vs3.7％,P＜0.01；其他类型NSCLC:76.5％ vs 0.0％,P＜0.01),男性患者咯血的发生率高于女性(32.5％vs 18.6％,P=0.027).结论 NSCLC在男性中更为多发.女性发病早于男性,女性腺癌患者的平均年龄低于男性腺癌患者.男性中鳞癌比例高于女性,而女性中腺癌更为常见.各型NSCLC患者中,男性吸烟的比例均高于女性.     

早期原发性高血压左心室舒张功能的超声心动图评价

目的:应用脉冲组织多普勒成像技术评价早期原发性高血压不伴左心室肥厚患者的左心室舒张功能,并探讨其临床意义。方法:用组织多普勒成像技术检测66例早期不伴左心室肥厚的单纯原发性高血压患者(高血压组)及50例健康人(正常对照组)二尖瓣环4个位点(左心室基底部间隔、侧壁、前壁及下壁)的舒张早期平均运动峰值速度(Emav)、舒张晚期平均运动峰值速度(Amav)及Emav/Amav值,并与常规超声心动图指标等进行相关性分析。结果:高血压组的左心室重量指数和左心室相对室壁厚度均高于正常对照组(P<0.01,P<0.001);左心室等容舒张时间及E峰减速时间均大于正常对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01);Emav、Emav/Amav值均明显低于正常对照组(P均<0.001),而两组间的Amav值无显著性差异(P=0.26);高血压组二尖瓣血流E峰与二尖瓣环Emav的比值(E/Emav)大于正常对照组(P<0.01)。高血压组单变量相关分析显示:Emav/Amav值与等容舒张时间、E峰减速时间均呈负相关(r=-0.306,P<0.05;r=-0.392,P<0.01),与E/Emav无明显相关性。多变量统计分析显示:组织多普勒检测的Emav/Amav值与年龄(P<0.001)、左心室相对室壁厚度(P<0.05)密切相关,而常规多普勒血流检测E/A值只与年龄相关(P<0.01)。结论:原发性高血压早期在左心室肥厚之前左心室舒张功能可出现左心室松驰性降低而顺应性无明显损害,左心室充盈压可能升高;应用组织多普勒成像技术检测的早期原发性高血压患者的左心室舒张功能异常伴随着早期左心室向心性重构的发展。     

老年急性心肌梗死特点及急诊介入治疗近期疗效分析

目的探讨急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)对老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)的疗效和安全性。方法采用回顾性分析方法 ,将228例行急诊PCI的AMI患者分为老年组(n=116例)和非老年组(n=112例),分别对两组的临床特征、住院时间和并发症发生率进行比较。结果两组患者平均住院时间非老年组明显短于老年组(P0.01);入院到球囊扩张平均时间两组间无显著性差异(P0.05),老年组置入2个以上支架数、住院期间二次PCI和梗死后心绞痛明显高于非老年组(P0.01),再梗死两组间无显著性差异(P0.05),老年组严重心律失常和泵功能KillipⅢ级以上明显多于非老年组血(P0.01),但两组间心源性休克的发生率和30d死亡率无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论老年AMI行急诊PCI治疗并发症高于非老年患者,但并不增加近期死亡率。     

老年女性急性心肌梗死患者近期死亡的影响因素分析

目的探讨老年女性急性心肌梗死患者发病情况及近期死亡的影响因素。方法选择初发急性ST段抬高心肌梗死后收治入院的女性患者共336例,根据年龄分为2组:老年组298例,非老年组38例。回顾性分析比较2组患者一般临床资料、发病特点和发病后30d内死亡情况,采用多元logistic回归分析年龄对女性急性心肌梗死患者近期死亡的影响。结果老年组患者年龄、血肌酐明显高于非老年组患者,而左心室射血分数明显低于非老年组患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01);老年组患者近期病死率明显高于非老年组患者(25.8% vs5.3%,P0.01)。年龄≥60岁的女性是急性心肌梗死后30d死亡的独立危险因素,其死亡危险较非老年组患者高6.6倍(OR=6.553,95% CI:1.183～36.294,P0.01)。结论老年女性急性心肌梗死患者具有更高的近期病死率。年龄≥60岁、发病至入院时间、空腹血糖、严重心律失常和急性左心功能不全是预测女性急性心肌梗死患者近期死亡的独立预测因素。     

高龄老年高血压患者动态血压特点

目的探讨80岁以上老年高血压患者治疗中24h动态血压的特点。方法入选高血压患者按年龄分为三组:高龄老年组(≥80岁,n=88)、老年对照组(60～79岁,n=80)及中年对照组(60岁,n=25),回顾性分析三组患者治疗状态下动态血压参数、动态血压昼夜异常发生率及舒张压60mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)的发生率。结果三组患者服药情况差异无统计学意义(P0.05);全天、日间、夜间平均收缩压差别无统计学意义;平均舒张压高龄老年组均低于老年组及中年组(P均0.01);全天、日间、夜间平均脉压差高龄老年组均高于老年组、中年组(P均0.01);高龄老年组24h动态血压昼夜节律异常的发生率明显高于老年组、中年组(P均0.05);舒张压60mmHg的发生率高龄老年组明显高于老年组及中年组(P均0.01)。结论高龄老年高血压患者治疗状态下有舒张压过低及血压昼夜节律异常。     

Left ventricular filling abnormalities and obesity-associated hypertension: relationship with overproduction of circulating transforming growth factor beta1

This study has been designed to evaluate the relationship among transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and some measurements of diastolic function in a population of hypertensive subjects with normal left ventricular ejection fraction. We studied 67 hypertensive outpatients who according to their BMI levels were subdivided into three groups: lean (L), overweight (OW) and obese (OB) hypertensives (HT). Circulating TGFbeta1 and M- and B-mode echocardiography was determined. All hypertensives were further subgrouped, according to European Society of Cardiology Guidelines, into two subsets of patients with normal diastolic function or with diastolic dysfunction. Prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was determined in all the groups. TGFbeta1, left ventricular mass (LVM), LVM/h(2.7), E-wave deceleration time and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) were significantly (P < 0.005) higher and E/A velocity ratio was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in OW-HT and OB-HT than in L-HT. Prevalence of LVH was significantly higher (P < 0.03) in group OB-HT than in L-HT. TGFbeta1 (P < 0.004), LVM/h(2.7) (P < 0.001) and prevalence of LVH were (P < 0.01) significantly higher in hypertensives with diastolic dysfunction than hypertensives with normal diastolic function. TGFbeta1 levels were positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.60; P < 0.0001), LVM/h(2.7) (r = 0.28; P < 0.03), IVRT (r = 0.30; P < 0.02) and negatively with E/A ratio (r = -0.38; P < 0.002) in all HT. Multiple regression analysis indicated that TGFbeta1, BMI and IVRT were independently related to E/A ratio explaining 71% of its variability (r = 0.84; P < 0.0001). This relationship was independent of LVH, age and HR suggesting that TGFbeta1 overproduction may be considered a pathophysiological mechanism in the development of left ventricular filling abnormalities in obesity-associated hypertension.     

Myocardial fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction in patients with hypertension: results from the Swedish Irbesartan Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Investigation versus Atenolol (SILVHIA)

OBJECTIVES: Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and an excess in myocardial collagen. Myocardial fibrosis may cause diastolic dysfunction and heart failure. Circulating levels of the carboxy-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (PICP), an index of collagen type I synthesis, correlate with the extent of myocardial fibrosis. This study examines myocardial fibrosis in relation to blood pressure, left ventricular mass (LVM), and diastolic function. METHODS: We examined PICP levels in 115 patients with hypertensive LVH, 38 with hypertension but no hypertrophy, and 38 normotensive subjects. Patients with LVH were subsequently randomly assigned to the angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker irbesartan or the beta1 receptor blocker atenolol for 48 weeks. Diastolic function was evaluated by tissue velocity echocardiography (n=134). We measured basal septal wall velocities of early (Em) and late (Am) diastolic myocardial wall motion, Em velocity deceleration time (E-decm), and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRTm). RESULTS: Compared with the normotensive group, PICP was elevated and left ventricular diastolic function was impaired in the hypertensive groups, with little difference between patients with and without LVH. PICP related to blood pressure, IVRTm, Em, and E/Em, but not to LVM. Irbesartan and atenolol reduced PICP similarly. Only in the irbesartan group did changes in PICP relate to changes in IVRTm, and LVM. CONCLUSION: Myocardial fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction are present in hypertension before LVH develops. The findings with irbesartan suggest a role for angiotensin II in the control of myocardial fibrosis and diastolic function in patients with hypertension with LVH.     

莫索尼定对老年难治性高血压患者的左室结构和功能的影响

目的:探讨咪唑林受体拮抗剂盐酸莫索尼定(佳洛)的降压效果及对左室结构和功能的影响。方法:126例难治性老年高血压患者随机均分为治疗组(莫索尼定)和对照组(特拉唑嗪)两组,疗程6个月,观察其降压效果及超声心动图测量值的改变。结果:治疗组和对照组的收缩压、舒张压在治疗后较治疗前均有明显下降(P<0．01),两组血压得到控制的例数亦无明显差异。治疗组左室舒张期内径、室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、左室重量、E／A比值、平均心率较治疗前显著改善,并明显优于对照组(P<0．05～<0．01),而对照组在治疗前后无显著性差异。结论:盐酸莫索尼定具有显著降压作用及改善左室结构、舒张功能的作用,临床有广阔的应用前景。     

Relation between age, ventricular arrhythmia, left ventricular hypertrophy and QT dispersion in patients with essential hypertension

The aim of this study was to look at the effect of age on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular mass (LVM), QTc dispersion and Lown score of arrhythmia in patients with essential hypertension compared with normal healthy subjects. One hundred and fifteen (115) hypertensive patients (67 men, 48 women) and fourty-one (41) age-matched healthy control subjects (22 men, 19 women) were included in the study. The Lown score, LVH and LVM prevalence were significantly higher in hypertensive patients compared with healthy controls. LVH and LVM were much higher in hypertensive and control males compared to females. While LVH and LVM were more prevalent in younger hypertensive patients, the reverse was seen in healthy control subjects, where the elderly group showed a higher prevalence. QTc dispersion was significantly higher in hypertensive patients compared with healthy controls. While QTc dispersion was significantly higher in older healthy controls, this was not the case in the older hypertensive patients.     

维持性血液透析对尿毒症患者左心室收缩和舒张功能的影响及其相关因素分析

目的应用多普勒超声心动图检测维持性血液透析患者左心室收缩及舒张功能指标,并探讨相关因素对心脏功能的影响。方法根据血压、血红蛋白、每周透析时间和KT/V值将44例尿毒症患者分为透析充分组(A组,24例)和未充分透析组(B组,17例)。血液透析前后及首次超声心动检查一年后透析前测定左房内径(LAD)、左室舒张末内径(LVDd)、左室收缩末内径(LVDs)、室间隔厚度(IVST)、左室后壁厚度(LVPWT),得出左室射血分数(EF)、左室短轴缩短率(FS),测定心率(HR)。并依据上述指标判断左心室收缩及舒张功能。结果首次超声心动检查左心室舒张功能减退占59.1%,收缩功能减退占18.2%;左心室肥厚占43.2%。LAD、LVDd、LVDs、IVST、LVPWT值较对照组明显增加,FS、EF、E/A、EI/AI较对照组明显降低,单次透析前后FS、EF、E/A、EI/AI无显著变化。一年后左心室舒张功能减退占80.5%;收缩功能减退占22.0%,均同时伴有舒张功能减退。左心室肥厚占70.7%。LAD、LVDd、LVDs、IVST、LVPWT值明显增加,FS、EF、E/A、EI/AI明显降低;A、B组LAD、LVDd、LVDs、IVST、LVPWT均较对照组明显增加,B组尤为显著;B组E/A、EI/AI较A组明显下降。结论长期维持性血液透析患者首先出现左心室舒张功能障碍,进而影响收缩功能;单次血液透析后左心室收缩及舒张功能无改善;血液透析一年后左心室收缩、舒张功能明显降低,尤以舒张功能降低显著。未充分透析患者舒张功能下降更明显。     

Influence of obstructive sleep apnea on left ventricular mass and global function: sleep apnea and myocardial performance index

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. It may predispose patients to left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure. The aim of this study was to determine the left ventricular mass (LVM) and myocardial performance index (MPI) reflecting left ventricular global function in uncomplicated OSA patients. Sixty-four subjects without hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and any cardiac or pulmonary disease referred for evaluation of OSA underwent overnight polysomnography and complete echocardiographic assessment. According to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI), subjects were divided into three groups: group 1, control subjects with nonapneic snorers (AHI < 5, n = 18); group 2, patients with mild to moderate OSA (AHI: 5–30, n = 25); and group 3, severe OSA (AHI > 30, n = 21). Basic echocardiographic measurements, LVM, and LVM index were measured. Left ventricular MPI was calculated as (isovolumic contraction time+isovolumic relaxation time)/aortic ejection time by Doppler echocardiography. There were no significant differences in age, sex, body mass index, heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure among the three groups. Left atrium, interventricular septum, left ventricular posterior wall, left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters, LVM mass, and LVM index were not significantly different among the three groups. Left ventricular MPI was significantly higher in severe OSA patients (0.64 ± 0.18) than in controls (0.49 ± 0.18; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between controls (0.49 ± 0.18) and mild to moderate OSA (0.61 ± 0.16; P = 0.08) and between mild to moderate OSA (0.61 ± 0.16) and severe OSA (0.64 ± 0.18; P = 0.84). The present study demonstrates that patients with severe OSA have global left ventricular dysfunction.     

Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in previously untreated essential hypertension: different effects of enalapril and hydrochlorothiazide.

OBJECTIVES: Primarily to investigate the long-term effects of antihypertensive therapy on left ventricular morphology in non-malignant essential hypertension and in particular to compare an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and a diuretic in this respect. DESIGN: Previously untreated males aged 20-65 years with diastolic blood pressure > or = 95 mmHg during a 4- to 6-week placebo period were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with enalapril or hydrochlorothiazide. METHODS: Indirect and intra-arterial blood pressure, echocardiography, apex cardiography, carotid pulse tracing and phonocardiography. RESULTS: Left ventricular mass (LVM) was significantly correlated with intra-arterial blood pressure at baseline. During long-term treatment (14-18 months) blood pressure decreased significantly in both treatment groups (indirectly and intra-arterially), at rest and during dynamic exercise. No significant differences in blood pressure response were seen between the two therapeutic alternatives. LVM decreased progressively and significantly on enalapril after 18 months of monotherapy and decreased non-significantly on hydrochlorothiazide after 14 months of monotherapy. The difference in effect between treatments was significant in a stepwise regression analysis taking change in blood pressure into account. The relationship between the reductions in LVM and blood pressure were significant for enalapril but not for hydrochlorothiazide. Neither therapy affected left ventricular diastolic or systolic diameters significantly, but enalapril reduced posterior wall thickness and interventricular septal thickness significantly, and improved left ventricular distensibility significantly. Neither therapy had any negative effects on systolic function, although hydrochlorothiazide decreased left ventricular ejection time index significantly. CONCLUSION: Enalapril was significantly more effective than hydrochlorothiazide in reversing left ventricular hypertrophy without negatively affecting left ventricular function.     

Excessive increase in left ventricular mass identifies hypertensive subjects with clustered geometric and functional abnormalities

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular mass (LVM) exceeding needs to sustain haemodynamic load has been termed 'inappropriate left ventricular mass'. We hypothesized that inappropriate LVM identifies hypertensive patients with clustered cardiac geometric and functional abnormalities. METHODS: For this purpose, 359 hypertensive individuals without prevalent cardiovascular disease underwent Doppler echocardiography. Observed LVM exceeding more than 28% of the value predicted for individual cardiac work, body size and sex was defined as inappropriate LVM. Concentric left ventricular geometry was defined as age-adjusted relative wall thickness (RWT) greater than 0.40. Systolic dysfunction was defined as ejection fraction less than 50% or midwall shortening less than 14.7%. Diastolic dysfunction was defined as isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) greater than 100 ms, E-velocity deceleration time greater than 220 ms or age and heart rate-normalized early/late (E/A) ratio less than 0.66. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was defined as an LVM index greater than 49.2 g/m2.7 in men and 46.7 g/m2.7 in women. RESULTS: As expected, inappropriate LVM was associated with higher RWT, lower left ventricular systolic function, longer IVRT and prolonged E-deceleration time (all P < 0.05). Patients with inappropriate LVM had a higher prevalence of concentric geometry (65.5 versus 40.4%), systolic dysfunction (67.9 versus 47.4%) and diastolic dysfunction (46.4 versus 39%; all P < 0.001) than those with LVH. Inappropriate LVM had greater sensitivity (0.89 versus 0.54) and specificity (0.82 versus 0.62; both P < 0.01) than LVH in identifying patients with clustered left ventricular concentric geometry, systolic and diastolic dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Inappropriate LVM is associated with a cluster of concentric left ventricular geometry, delayed left ventricular relaxation and reduced systolic performance. Compared with LVH, inappropriate LVM is more accurate at identifying patients with clustered left ventricular geometric and functional abnormalities.     

高血压病患者左心室几何构型与舒张功能变化的关系

目的　研究高血压病患者左心室重构与舒张功能变化的关系及影响因素。方法　依照左心室质量指数 (L V-MI)和相对室壁厚度 (RWT)将 89例无合并症的高血压病患者分为左心室正常构型组 (17例 )、向心性重构组 (2 3例 )、向心性肥厚组 (33例 )、离心性肥厚组 (16例 )。对超声心动图心脏结构和功能测值进行多元逐步回归分析 ,筛选出对左心室舒张功能有独立影响因素。在校正这些因素影响后 ,比较不同左心室几何构型组间心脏舒张功能的差异 ,82例正常人作为对照。结果　左心室舒张功能的主要独立影响因素包括性别、年龄、心率、L VMI,部分指标还有体重指数 (BMl)和吸烟水平。不同构型组间舒张功能指标未经校正或仅经性别、年龄、心率和 BMI校正后差异虽都具有高度显著性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,但再校正或排外血压水平的影响后 ,组间差异显著性已不复存在。结论　不同构型组间左心室舒张功能指标的差异主要是血压水平不同所致。左心室结构指标虽是舒张功能指标的独立影响因素 ,但其影响强度尚不足以达到使不同构型组间差异有统计学显著性的程度。