血清心肌酶与CSF中LDH、TNF-α检测对成人颅内感染急性期的临床意义

目的 探讨检测血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、肌酸激酶(CK)及脑脊液(CSF)中LDH、肿瘤坏因子-α(TNF-α)在成人颅内感染急性期中的价值.方法 选取2014年1月至2015年12月该院收治的77例确诊颅内感染患者作为观察组,60例神经系统非感染性疾病患者作为对照组,对比两组患者起病7d内的血清LDH、AST、CK及CSF中LDH、TNF-α水平,并进行亚组分析.结果 观察组患者血清中LDH、AST、CK及CSF中LDH、TNF-α水平均明显高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);化脓性脑膜炎、结核性脑膜炎组患者CSF中LDH水平明显高于病毒性脑炎组(P＜0.05);化脓性脑膜炎组患者的CSF中TNF-α水平明显高于结核性脑膜炎和病毒性脑膜炎组(P＜0.05).结论 通过检测血清LDH、AST、CK及CSF中LDH、TNF-α水平有利于辅助诊断颅内感染,同时对于颅内感染的病因具有一定的鉴别价值.     

成人颅内感染患者中血清 LDH、CK、AST 及 CSF LDH水平检测的联合应用价值探讨

目的：探讨血清 LDH、CK、AST 及 CSF LDH 水平联合检测在诊断成人颅内感染中的临床价值。方法：将2015年8月－2016年8月本院收治的68例颅内感染患者作为研究组,按照是否存在脑功能障碍,将其分为 A 组（脑功能障碍,n＝33）、B 组（无脑功能障碍,n＝35）。以同期到本院体检的60名健康人为对照组。对所有研究对象的血清 LDH、CK、AST 及 CSF LDH 水平进行检测。结果：研究组、对照组血清 LDH、CK、AST 水平差异显著（P＜0．05）;A 组、B 组血清 LDH、AST 水平差异显著（P＜0．05）,但血清 CK、CSF LDH 水平差异不显著（P＞0．05）。结论：在成人颅内感染急性期,患者血清 LDH、CK、AST 及 CSF LDH 水平会出现变化,尤其是在合并脑功能障碍时,血清 LDH、AST 水平变化更为明显,可作为早期诊断及判断病情严重程度的指标应用于临床。     

结核性脑膜炎与化脓性脑膜炎患儿胱抑素C水平的变化

目的探讨结核性脑膜炎、化脓性脑膜炎患儿血清与脑脊液(CSF)胱抑素C(Cys C)水平的变化。方法分别在治疗前、治疗后取化脓性脑膜炎(化脑组)和结核性脑膜炎(结脑组)患儿的血清、CSF标本,另选上呼吸道感染患儿18例作为对照组,采用免疫透射比浊法测定Cys C浓度并进行比较。结果治疗前中枢神经系统(CNS)感染两组CSF Cys C水平明显低于对照组(P<0.01),血清Cys C水平与对照组比较仅轻度升高,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗前化脑组降低比结脑组明显,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),两组血清CysC水平升高程度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后CNS感染两组患儿CSF Cys C水平与治疗前比较均明显升高(P<0.01)。治疗后两组患儿CSF Cys C水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后两组患儿血清Cys C水平均轻微下降,但与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 Cys C水平的变化将对小儿中枢神经系统的诊断、鉴别诊断和病情恢复有一定的指导意义。     

脑脊液中PCT、NSE、CK-BB、LDH及其同工酶的变化在病毒性脑炎和化脓性脑膜炎中的表达分析

目的探讨病毒性脑炎(病脑)和化脓性脑膜炎(化脑)患儿急性期脑脊液中PCT、NSE、CK-BB、LDH及其同工酶的含量在诊断中的意义。方法选取三组患儿检测脑脊液中PCT、NSE、CK-BB、LDH及其同工酶的含量进行统计比较。结果患儿急性期脑脊液中PCT和LDH水平化脑组明显高于病脑组和对照组(P0.01),NSE和CK-BB水平病脑组高于化脑组和对照组(P0.05);脑脊液中LDH1和LDH2化脑组明显低于病脑组和对照组(P0.01),LDH4和LDH5化脑组明显高于病脑组和对照组(P0.01)。结论颅内感染早期,检测脑脊液PCT、LDH、LDH4和LDH5水平有助于化脓性脑膜炎的诊断;NSE、CK-BB、LDH1和LDH2水平有助于病毒性脑炎的诊断。     

儿童感染性脑膜炎脑脊液C-反应蛋白和免疫球蛋白检测的临床价值

目的探讨患儿脑脊液(CSF)中免疫球蛋白(IgA、IgG、IgM)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)含量对脑膜炎患儿的感染性质的临床诊断价值。方法在治疗前分别采集细菌化脓性脑膜炎(化脑)患儿脑脊液42例,病毒性脑膜炎(病脑)患儿脑脊液43例,结核性脑膜炎(结脑)患儿脑脊液40例以及对照组儿童脑脊液标本(排除脑膜炎)41例,采用速度散射比浊法测定CSF中IgAI、gG、IgM和CRP含量。结果感染组中结核性脑膜炎、细菌化脓性脑膜炎、病毒性脑膜炎组CRP水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),其升高幅度由大到小依次为细菌化脓性脑膜炎组、结核性脑膜炎组、病毒性脑膜炎组;免疫球蛋白水平除了病毒性脑膜炎组的IgAI、gG含量与对照组比较无统计学意义外(P>0.05),三个病例组的免疫球蛋白各项指标均高于对照组(P<0.05);同时结核性脑膜炎组IgAI、gG水平比细菌化脓性脑膜炎、病毒性脑膜炎组显著升高,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对脑脊液进行IgAI、gG、IgM、CRP的联合检测,有助于对儿童中枢神经系统感染性疾病的鉴别诊断。     

脑脊液中肿瘤坏死因子测定对颅内感染的诊断价值

目的 :了解脑脊液中肿瘤坏死因子 ( TNF)检测对颅内感染的诊断意义。方法 :对 60例不同病因的脑膜炎患者脑脊液 ( CSF)中肿瘤坏死因子 ( TNF- α)含量进行了测定。结果 :化脓性脑膜炎患者 CSF中 TNF- α含量较病毒性脑膜炎患者及正常对照组均有显著增高 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ,而病毒性脑膜炎患者 CSF中 TNF- α含量与正常组比较无明显差异 ( P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :CSF中 TNF- α检测可作为常规鉴别细菌性与非细菌性脑膜炎的指标     

脑脊液乳酸脱氢酶测定对颅脑损伤诊断及预后的价值

测定68例急性颅脑损伤病人脑脊液(CSF)乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性,发现颅脑损伤组CSF-LDH 活性明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。轻、中、重伤CSF-LDH 活性分别为0.038±0.026,0.092±0.077,0.588±0.441,各组间差异显著(P<0.05),重伤组CSF-LDH 活性≥0.401 的7例均死亡,低于 0.242 者预后一般良好。提示 CSF-LDH 活性测定对估计颅脑损伤的程度和范围,判断预后有一定的参考价值。     

脑脊液白细胞介素6及其受体变化在细菌性与病毒性脑膜炎鉴别诊断中的意义

目的观察白细胞介素6(IL-6)和白细胞介素6受体(sIL-6R)在中枢神经系统(CNS)感染患者脑脊液(CSF)中表达及其在细菌性与病毒性脑膜炎鉴别诊断中的意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测11例化脓性脑膜炎(化脑)、12例结核性脑膜炎(结脑)、17例病毒性脑炎(病脑)和20例对照组CSF中IL-6、sIL-6R含量。结果化脑、结脑、病脑患者IL-6含量显著高于对照组,差别有非常显著意义(P<0.01)。虽然病脑患者IL-6含量增加,但显著低于化脑和结脑患者(P<0.01),若以大于250pg/mL为界限值,病脑仅有1例超过此界限(5.9%),而23例细菌性脑膜炎(化脑和结脑组)有22例高于界限值(95.7%),两者间有显著性差异(χ2=32.2345,P<0.001)。各组脑膜炎患者sIL-6R浓度均高于对照组,3组间比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论中枢神经系统感染患者CSF中存在IL-6的过量表达,但升高幅度不同,观察CSF中IL-6含量有助于细菌性脑膜炎与病毒性脑炎的鉴别诊断,而sIL-6R变化则无鉴别诊断价值。     

血清及脑脊液PCT检测联合MRI对中枢神经感染诊断价值

目的观察血清及脑脊液降钙素原(PCT)水平检测联合磁共振成像(MRI)对中枢神经感染的诊断价值。方法选取100例中枢神经感染患者纳入观察组,并取同期21例非脑炎头痛患者纳入对照组,均行MRI检查、血清及脑脊液PCT检测,比较两组MRI阳性率、血清及脑脊液PCT水平与阳性率。结果观察组病毒性脑膜炎、化脓性脑膜炎、结核性脑膜炎MRI阳性率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组血清及脑脊液PCT水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病毒性脑膜炎、化脓性脑膜炎、结核性脑膜炎血清及脑脊液PCT阳性率均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论血清及脑脊液PCT水平检测联合MRI有助于临床准确诊断人体中枢神经感染疾病,为患者有效治疗提供可靠诊断信息。     

MRI、脑脊液常规对中枢性神经系统感染诊断鉴别价值

目的探究磁共振成像(MRI)、脑脊液常规对中枢性神经系统感染(CNSI)诊断鉴别价值。方法以2018年5月至2020年5月112例CNSI患者为研究对象,并以同期健康体检者56例为对照组。比较两组及不同脑膜炎类型患者的脑脊液指标;比较脑脊液指标及MRI对CNSI的诊断效能,并分析单独检测及联合检测对CNSI的诊断价值及对化脓性脑膜炎、结核性脑膜炎的鉴别价值。结果研究组脑脊液乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸(LA)及神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NES)水平均显著高于对照组,化脓性脑膜炎、结核性脑膜炎患者脑脊液LDH、CK、LA水平均高于病毒性脑膜炎患者,NES水平低于病毒性脑膜炎患者(P<0.05);联合检测诊断CNSI及鉴别化脓性脑膜炎、结核性脑膜炎的AUC大于单独检测,联合诊断的灵敏度高于CK、LA,特异度高于NES(P<0.05)。结论MRI及脑脊液指标联合检测对CNSI具有诊断价值,且对化脓性脑膜炎、结核性脑膜炎具有鉴别价值。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.