常规剂量激素致血小板增高1例

患儿 ,女 ,31630 月。因发现出血样皮疹 1天入院 ,皮疹多在躯干部 ,鲜红色 ,不高出皮面 ,压之不退色针尖大小的出血点 ,急查血常规 :WBC7.8× 10 9/L ,Hb10 5g/L ,N 0 .4 8,L 0 .52 ,plt2 2× 10 9/L。入院后考虑为血小板减少性紫癜。入院当天即静滴地塞米松1mg( 0 .2 /kg·次 ) ,1日 2次 ,共 5天。入院第 2天复查血小板为 34× 10 9/L ,第 4天 99× 10 9/L ,用激素第 5日血小板为 538× 10 9/L,遂停用激素 ,入院第 8日复查血小板 868× 10 9/L。遂加用复方丹参液及低右改善循环情况 ,口服潘生丁 ,约 2周左右血小板下降至 2 0 0× 10 …     

医院污水处理后的再生综合利用研究进展

医院污水排放量大，经处理后进行循环再生综合利用，有利于减少医院污水排入市政管道的数量，减少污染，节约水资源和环境保护，技术要点在于对医院污水处理，处理后水中细菌总数，粪大肠菌群数，酸碱度，氯钾钠，悬浮物含量等理化指标要达到综合循环再利用标准，并在医院污水站，病区，门诊大楼，绿化地等处建立处理后再生水的循环利用系统，确保再生水的重复利用。     

MOEP化疗联合G-CSF动员外周血干细胞的临床观察

目的　报告 8例恶性血液病患者采用MOEP联合rhG CSF动员外周血干细胞的疗效和副作用。方法　 8例住院病人中 ,急性淋巴细胞白血病 2例 ,非何杰金淋巴瘤 5例 ,何杰金病 1例。其中 5例移植前疾病完全缓解 ,1例部分缓解 ,2例疾病处于进展期。动员方案为米托蒽醌 :0 2mg/kg分 3d ;长春新碱 :2mg ,第一天 ;足叶乙甙 :10mg/kg分 2～ 5d ;强的松片 :30～ 6 0mg共7d。白细胞降至低谷开始回升时加用rhG CSF(10 μg·kg-1·d-1)动员 ,白细胞升至 5 0× 10 9/L以上开始采集外周血干细胞。共采集干细胞 (2 0～ 7 8)× 10 8/kg。结果　回输干细胞后均获快速造血功能重建 ,白细胞开始回升 (ANC >0 5× 10 9/L)的时间为移植后 9～ 16d,血小板的恢复 (PLT >2 0× 10 9/L)稍滞后于白细胞 ,为移植后 10～ 2 8d。结论　采用MOEP方案动员外周血造血干细胞效果显著、副作用轻、且经济实惠     

IVIG与HD-MP联合治疗极重度ITP疗效评价

目的　探讨静脉用丙种球蛋白 (IVIG)与大剂量甲基强的松龙 (HD MP)联合治疗对抢救极重度特发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)的价值。方法　对 32例入院时PLT <10× 10 9/L、出血倾向严重的极重度急性ITP患儿随机分为两组 :①IVIG+MP组 ,IVIG 4 0 0mg/kg·d-1连用 5d及MP15～ 30mg/kg·d-1连用 3d后改为强的松口服。②IVIG组 4 0 0mg/kg·d-1连用5d ,改为强的松口服。结果　IVIG +MP组用药 2 .1± 1.2d出血开始减轻 ,4 .5± 1.8dPTL上升至 10 0× 10 9/L ,6 .7± 1.3dPTL达到峰值 2 74± 75× 10 9/L。IVIG组用药 3.5± 1.4d出血倾向开始减轻 ,6 .8± 1.6dPTL上升至 10 0× 10 9/L ,9.1± 1.2d达到峰值 196± 72× 10 9/L。两组 3项指标均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　在极重度急性ITP伴严重出血倾向患儿的抢救中 ,IVIG、MP联合治疗比单用IVIG治疗作用更迅速 ,疗效更好 ,可替代新鲜血及血小板输注治疗严重出血倾向患儿。     

鼻内手术后填塞物堵塞致气道梗阻窒息1例

患者女 ,4 3岁 ,6 2kg ,术前诊断慢性鼻窦炎 (双侧 )鼻息肉 (双侧 ) ,拟全麻下行双侧鼻内窦切开手术 ,术前一般情况尚好 ,Hb 12 0 g/L ,RBC 4× 10 12 /L ,WBC 9× 10 9/L ,N 0 5 1,L 0 4 9,血小板 2 0× 10 9/L出凝血时间肝肾功能均正常 ,术前用药、苯巴比妥钠 10 0mg、阿托品 0 5mg ,肌注 ,入室时BP 12 0 / 80mmHg ,HR 90次 /分 ,RR 2 4次 /分 ,全麻诱导、静注 :芬太尼 0 1mg咪唑安定 5mg ,异丙酚 12 0mg ,司可林 75mg后 ,插管 ,用仙林 2mg/ 30min ,吸入氨氟醚 (1 5vo1% )手术历时 1.5h ,后病人自主呼吸恢复 ,呼唤能睁眼 ,仔…     

慢性苯中毒致骨髓增生异常综合征1例

1　病历报告　　患者女 ,2 3岁 ,从事矿灯维修 ,接触苯 4年。 1999年及2 0 0 0年劳动卫生现场监测空气中苯浓度超过国家卫生标准达 6 .13～ 7.5 0倍。 1999年健康查体时 ,发现该女工血红蛋白为 10 0g/L ,脱离接触后恢复正常。 1996年工作时 :Hb15 0g/L ,RBC 5 .0 5× 10 12 /L ,WBC 6 .3× 10 9/L ,PLT 14 .2×10 9/L ,1999年 :Hb 15 0 g/L ,RBC 4 .90× 10 12 /L ,WBC 7.2×10 9/L ,PLT 15× 10 9/L。 2 0 0 0年 2月因磕碰后出紫癜、乏力 1年余来我院就诊。检查情况 :Hb76 g/L ,RBC2 .4 8× 10 12 /L ,WBC6 .9× 10 9/L ,G…     

中国人群成人静脉血细胞分析参考范围调查

目的　建立中国正常成人静脉血细胞分析参数的参考范围。方法　在全国 14个城市(哈尔滨、长春、北京、天津、兰州、西安、南京、苏州、成都、武汉、重庆、福州、昆明、广州 )的 14家医院 ,使用不同型号的血液分析仪 ,检测正常人群 (男性 92 7人 ,女性 82 2人 ,共 174 9人 )静脉血白细胞计数、红细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度、红细胞平均血红蛋白含量 (MCH )、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、红细胞平均体积 (MCV)和红细胞压积 (HCT)。 14家医院均在同一个月内完成调查。研究期间 ,各实验室均进行严格的室内质量控制 ,保证结果的准确性和稳定性。结果　各项参数的参考范围 (均值 )如下 :白细胞计数男性为 (3 97～ 9 15 )× 10 9/L(6 0 3× 10 9/L) ,女性为 (3 6 9～ 9 16 )× 10 9/L (5 89× 10 9/L) ;红细胞计数男性为 (4 0 9～ 5 74 )× 10 12 /L(4 91× 10 12 /L) ,女性为 (3 6 8～ 5 13)×10 12 /L(4 2 6× 10 12 /L) ;血红蛋白浓度男性为 131～ 172 (15 1) g/L ,女性为 113～ 15 1(12 9) g/L ;MCH男性为 2 7 8～ 33 8(30 8)pg ,女性为 2 6 9～ 33 3(30 2 ) pg ;MCHC男性为 32 0～ 35 5 (335 ) g/L ,女性为 32 2～ 36 2 (32 5 ) g/L ;MCV男性为 83 9～ 99 1(91 2 )fl,女性为 82 6～ 99 1(91 3)     

45例妊娠合并血小板减少症的临床分析

目的　探讨妊娠合并血小板减少症的临床特征及处理方法。方法　回顾性分析 45例孕产妇并血小板减少症的临床资料。结果　 45例孕产妇合并血小板减少 ,孕前均无血小板减少病史 ,均于妊娠 2～ 4周建立“围产期保健档案”时查血小板计数 ,发现血小板低。其中 12例为 ( 80～ 99)× 10 9/L ,7例 ( 60～ 80 )× 10 9/L ,4例 ( 5 0～ 60 )× 10 9/L ,12例 <5 0× 10 9/L。分娩时血小板均有不同程度降低。结论　血小板计数在妊娠期间大于 5 0× 10 9/L或在妊娠晚期维持在 ( 3 0～ 5 0 )× 10 9/L者可不必治疗 ;若血小板数在妊娠期间小于 5 0× 10 9/L或妊娠晚期在 ( 10～ 3 0 )×10 9/L或有出血现象 ,则应给予治疗     

布洛芬和糖皮质激素在小儿急性呼吸道感染伴高热的应用体会

1　临床资料年龄 1～ 14岁 ,其中 1～ 5岁 172例占 78.1%。男 116例 ,女 10 4例。发热病程 2～ 3天 166例 ,3～4天 38例 ,>4天 16例。体温 39～ 39.5℃者 112例 ,39.5～ 4 0℃者 72例 ,>4 0℃者 36例。外周血白细胞 10 .0× 10 9/ L～ 15.0× 10 9/ L者 110例 ,15.0×10 9/ L～ 2 0 .0× 10 9/ L者 72例 ,2 0 .0× 10 9/ L者 38例 ,其中中性 >0 .6者 193例 (占 87.7% )。本文 2 2 0例患儿根据吴氏等主编《实用儿科学》的诊断标准诊断急性上呼吸道感染 114例 (其中急性咽炎 2 4例 ,急性扁桃体炎 2 8例 ,包性化脓性扁桃体炎 62例 ) ,急性支…     

10例自体骨髓移植造血重建动力学观察

本文报告10例自体骨髓移植(ABMT)后患者造血重建的结果。白细胞在平均6.6天降为0,其恢复至0.5×10~9/L、1.0x10~9/L、4×10~9/L时间分别为平均移植后18.5天、23.4天、51.3天;中性粒细胞恢复至0.1×10~9/L、0.5×10~9/L时间为21.6天和33.5天;血小板在移植后4～14天降最低值(2～16)×10~9/L,其恢复至20×10~9/L、50×10~9/L时间为平均16.5天和39天。通过     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.