221例根治性颈淋巴清扫术的临床评价

本文报告221例根治性全颈淋巴请扫术。原发部位以腮腺、舌、颊、牙龈等为主,其中鳞癌占68.77％;颈清标本阳性率为67.42(149/221);本组无手术死亡;术后并发症59例,以感染为主占74.57％。随访3、5年生存率分别为69.86％和56.46％,与作为对比研究的单纯局部切除的129例的50.38％和39.93％统计分析,生存率有显著差异(p<0.01)。作者认为,颈清扫是一种必须的治疗手段,其价值在于可明显提高头颈癌瘤患者的五年生存率,因此临床上应持积极态度。     

两种颈淋巴清扫术的临床分析

目的 比较功能性颈清扫术与根治性颈清扫术在临床的应用。方法 本研究中,将１０９例口腔颌面训下发肿瘤的患者随机分为两组。其中６４例行ＲＮＡ,４５例行ＦＮＤ。颈淋巴结的评估通过临床触诊、Ｂ超、ＣＴ检查。所有病例术后均进行病理检查。结果 两组患者术后的生存率及转移率未显示统计学差异。术后３,５年随访生存率分别为ＲＮＤ４７／６４（７３．４％）;ＦＮＤ３３／４５（７３．３％）、２４／４５（５３．３％）。结论     

舌体鳞癌患者两种区域性颈淋巴清扫术式疗效的比较

目的：通过对舌体鳞癌患者两种区域性颈淋巴清扫术式疗效的比较,为颈清术式的选择提供参考。方法：对235例行舌骨上或肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术且有完整随访资料的T1CN0和T2CN0期舌体鳞癌患者进行回顾性研究,比较两种区域性颈清术式的疗效。结果采用卡方检验。结果：舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术和肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术术后颈部复发率分别为16．0％和10．5％,肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术在防止术后颈部复发方面疗效明显优于舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术（P〈0．05）。结论：肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术的术后颈部复发率低于舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术,建议作为T1CN0和T2CN0期舌体鳞癌患者区域性颈淋巴清扫的优选术式。     

保存颈内静脉的改良根治性颈淋巴清扫术的临床评价

目的 :对口腔癌及口咽癌颈淋巴清扫术中保存颈内静脉术式的临床效果进行评价。方法 :回顾分析本院近 10年内所行的根治性颈淋巴清扫术和保存颈内静脉的改良根治性颈淋巴清扫术病例资料。比较 2种术式的术后面部水肿和颅内高压持续时间及程度、2组患者的术后局部复发情况和生存时间。结果 :保存颈内静脉的改良根治性颈淋巴清扫术的术后颌面部水肿和头晕症状程度轻于根治性颈淋巴清扫术 ,持续时间缩短。改良根治性颈淋巴清扫术 3年和 5年生存率分别是 72 .6%和 5 3 .3 % ,局部复发率 5 .1% ;而根治性颈淋巴清扫术 3年和 5年生存率分别是 75 .2 %和 5 7.8% ,局部复发率 4.8%。二者 3组指标差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :保存颈内静脉的改良根治性颈淋巴清扫术和经典的根治性颈淋巴清扫术临床疗效相近 ,术后并发症轻 ,且能保存颈内静脉 ,为可能的再次手术治疗创造了条件 ,值得临床推广。     

9 舌癌CNO患者选择性颈淋巴清扫和颈部观察的前瞻性随机研究

Prospective randomized study of selective neck dissection versus observation for NO neck of early tongue carcinoma. Yuen AP, Ho CM, Chow TL, et al. Head Neck, 2009, 31（6）：765-772.     

选择性颈淋巴清扫术及其适应证的评价

作者通过对３８２例行颈淋巴清扫术的口腔癌患者的回顾性研究，对选择性（即预防性）颈清扫术及其适应证进行评估。本研究重点分析了各种相关因素与颈淋巴结转移的关系。结果表明：各种口腔癌的颈淋巴结总转移率为４４％（１６７／３８２）。而在术前未扪及肿大淋巴结者即隐匿性转移率为２３％（１９／８４）。颈淋巴转移的发生频率与原发灶的大小、部位、肿瘤细胞的分化程度和肿瘤类型等密切相关。特别是颈淋巴结的状况是评估颈部转移的重要信息。本研究强调对原发灶及颈淋巴的仔细检查和综合分析，有助于更准确判断是否有颈淋巴转移及是否应行ＥＮＤ。     

功能性与根治性颈淋巴清扫术在早期口腔鳞状细胞癌治疗中的疗效比较

目的:探讨功能性颈淋巴清扫术(functional neck dissection,FND)与根治性颈淋巴清扫术(radical neckdissection,RND)在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的临床疗效.方法:63例口腔鳞状细胞癌患者,分为FND组(n=30)和RND组(n=33),FND组保留胸锁乳突肌、副神经、颈内静脉及耳大神经,术后随访2组患者的肩外展功能、耳大神经功能、颈部是否明显凹陷及颈部复发率.应用SPSS 18.0软件包对数据进行单因素x2检验、两独立样本均数t检验,以及Fisher确切概率检验.结果:FND与RND组之间在年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、T分期、N分期、组织学分化程度、病理学类型、术前化疗及术后化疗等方面无显著差异(P＞0.05).所有患者均为N0或N1期,FND组术后肩关节活动度、耳垂感觉麻木及颈部凹陷改善程度显著优于RND组(P＜0.05);术后随访2年,FND组的颈部复发率与RND组无显著差异(P=1.000).结论:对于N0或N1期口腔鳞状细胞癌患者,FND与RND相比,患者颈部复发率无显著差异,但其并发症显著减少,可明显提高患者术后的生活质量.     

口腔颌面癌瘤的颈淋巴结转移及颈淋巴清扫术的临床研究

目的 探讨口腔颌面癌瘤颈淋巴结转移的部分规律及其与颈淋巴清扫术间的关系。方法 对250例行颈淋巴清扫联合根治术的口腔颌面癌病例进行回顾性研究。结果 口腔颌面癌颈淋巴结转移率为18．8％，其中鳞癌的颈淋巴结转移率为23．4％，腺上皮源性癌颈淋巴结转移率为9．6％，颈淋巴结转移临床诊断与病理诊断符合率为58．4％，漏诊率为9．1％。结论 鳞状上皮细胞癌比腺上皮源性癌更易发生颈淋巴结转移；临床诊断阳性的颈淋巴结应实施颈淋巴清扫术，对N0期颈淋巴结应采取适时监测，当其转为阳性时可再行手术治疗。     

保持下颌骨完整性改良联合根治术在中晚期舌癌治疗中的应用

目的:探讨保留下颌骨完整性的改良舌鳞癌联合根治术的操作要点、适应证及临床效果。方法:在研究舌外肌、舌下腺及下颌骨的特点,以及颌周淋巴引流特点的基础上,选择临床39例T3-T4舌鳞癌病例,行改良联合根治术,保留下颌骨及牙槽突的完整性。结果:39例均保存下颌骨及牙槽突的完整性,其中直接拉拢缝合9例,30例采用组织瓣修复舌及口底缺损,所有病例均保存良好的咬合功能;术后1年原发灶复发1例,3年原发灶复发9例,淋巴及远处转移5例;3年生存率为(61.72±5.44)%。结论:对于未侵犯下颌骨内侧黏膜的舌鳞癌病例,改良的保留下颌骨完整性的联合根治术能获得良好的生存质量,而不影响对原发灶的控制。     

Prediction of delayed neck metastasis in patients with stage I/II squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

BACKGROUND: The incidence of delayed neck metastasis (DNM) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue is reported to be 20% to 50%. Although clinically negative cervical lymph nodes (N0) are associated with a good outcome, the prognosis is poor in patients with DNM. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical parameters associated with DNM in patients with stage I/II SCC. METHODS: Fifty nine patients, with previously untreated stage I/II carcinoma, underwent examination of clinicopathological and immunohistochemical parameters and incidence of DNM. A linear discriminant analysis was used to analyze prognostic factors and to determine the probability of DNM occurring. RESULTS: DNM occurred in 14 (24%) subjects of the 59 study patients, level I to level III, within 5 years. Parameters such as gender and age, disease stage, tumor size and histological grade, tumor location, degree of tumor invasion and expression of VEGF, E-cadherin or Ki-67 showed no significant correlation with the occurrence of DNM; however, factors such as tumor morphology, tumor thickness greater than 4 mm, and Flt-4 expression were significantly associated with development of DNM. CONCLUSIONS: Such factors provide useful information with regard to DNM and the prognosis. We concluded that patients with early SCC whose tumors are > 4 mm in thickness and immunopositive for Flt-4 are particularly at risk of developing DNM.     

cN0早期舌体鳞癌的颈部处理探讨

目的 通过对临床早期舌体鳞癌患者的回顾研究,探讨预防性颈淋巴结清扫和严密观察2种治疗方式的合理应用.方法 收集132例cN0早期舌体鳞癌病例,根据颈部处理方案分为颈清组(71例)和观察组(61例),统计分析临床、病理和随访资料.结果 颈清组和观察组的3年生存率分别为87.3％、83.4％.颈清组T1、T2病例的3年生存...     

cN0早期舌体鳞癌的颈部处理探讨

目的通过对临床早期舌体鳞癌患者的回顾研究,探讨预防性颈淋巴结清扫和严密观察2种治疗方式的合理应用。方法收集132例cN0早期舌体鳞癌病例,根据颈部处理方案分为颈清组（71例）和观察组（61例）,统计分析临床、病理和随访资料。结果颈清组和观察组的3年生存率分别为87.3%、83.4%。颈清组T1、T2病例的3年生存率分别为89.3%、83.3%,观察组T1、T2病例的3年生存率分别为89.6%和58.3%。T2以3.0 cm为界,观察组T2b生存曲线较T2a下降趋势明显。低分化病例的生存曲线较高分化和中分化显著下降。结论T1期的cN0舌体鳞癌颈部可严密观察;小于3.0 cm的T2病例仍可采用严密观察,如果病理分化差可考虑预防性颈淋巴结清扫;大于3.0 cm的T2病例应采用预防性颈淋巴结清扫。     

Non-functioning adrenal cortical carcinoma presenting with metastasis to the tongue

We report a case of non-functioning adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) presenting with metastatic disease to the tongue, which is an extremely uncommon onset for this neoplasm. Histologically, the lesion had the appearance of an anaplastic neoplasm, and a panel of immunohistochemical markers including vimentin, MART-1, S100 protein, HMB-45, smooth muscle actin, common muscle actin, desmin, CD31, CD34, CD68, EMA and cytokeratins, was helpful in excluding melanoma, as well as other mesenchymal and epithelial neoplasms.     

�఩���ڵװ��г��������޸��ؽ����б����������ͻ�Ŀ�����̽��

目的探讨舌癌、口底癌病灶切除后即刻修复重建术中保留下颌骨牙槽突的可行性,提高患者术后生活质量。方法对2007年10月至2011年3月中国医科大学口腔医学院口腔颌面-头颈肿瘤外科收治的38例舌癌、口底癌患者(原发灶T1-T3,下颌骨无侵犯)行保留下颌骨牙槽突的病灶扩大切除、选择性或根治性颈淋巴清扫术、游离皮瓣移植舌及口底修复重建术,术后随访观察。结果所有患者随访6～38个月,原发病灶处无一例复发,转移皮瓣成活良好,口腔功能恢复良好。结论在舌癌、口底癌病灶切除及修复重建术中,通过严格地筛选病例,保留下颌骨牙槽突是完全可行的。     

MicroRNA与舌鳞状细胞癌相关性的研究进展

舌鳞状细胞癌(tongue squamous cell carcinoma,TSCC)是口腔恶性肿瘤中最具侵袭性的一种,占口腔癌的50%~60%。尽管在诊断和治疗技术上有了相当大的进步,但是TSCC仍然是头颈部最致命的癌症类型之一。MicroRNAs是内源性合成的小的非编码RNA,负责mRNA表达的转录后调控。它们作为有效的致癌基因或肿瘤抑制因子参与调控了包括TSCC在内的各种疾病的发病机制及过程。在TSCC样本中进行大量的MicroRNA分析,揭示了它们对TSCC起始、发展、转移、化疗耐药、复发和预后的潜在分子机制的作用。本文就MicroRNA与TSCC的相关性研究作一综述总结。     

EMMPRIN expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma

Background:  Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) is identified as a tumor-cell membrane protein that stimulates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) production. Several studies have shown that higher EMMPRIN expression is associated with shorter survival time and correlated significantly with more advanced clinico-parameters of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between clinico-pathologic characteristics and EMMPRIN, and prognostic significance of EMMPRIN expression in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
Methods:  Extracellular MMP inducer expression was examined immunohistochemically on paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 68 patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma and who underwent radical surgeries from 1996 to 2006. The 68 patients were followed up from 1 to 119 months, with an average of 27.5 months. Nonparametric tests were performed for the comparison of EMMPRIN expression between two independent groups. Survival analysis was performed to find the prognostic significance of EMMPRIN expression.
Results:  We found that EMMPRIN expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma is significantly higher than that in non-cancerous epithelium adjacent to carcinoma of tongue. In addition, EMMPRIN expression is significantly associated with tumor diameter and clinical stage in the samples, but did not correlate with gender, age, tumor metastasis, and pathological grade. Finally, survival analysis indicates that EMMPRIN overexpression correlates significantly with poor overall survival in the patient cohort.
Conclusion:  These results suggest that EMMPRIN might represent an attractive target for immunotherapeutic approaches in a subgroup of patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma.