正交设计法优选复方积雪草苷凝胶剂的基质

目的优选复方积雪草苷凝胶剂基质处方。方法采用正交设计法,以卡波姆-40、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、氮酮、薄荷醇、丙二醇、甘油的用量为因素,以凝胶剂的粒径、黏度、稳定性和保湿性作为考查指标,通过直观分析法和综合分析法对复方积雪草苷凝胶剂基质处方进行优选。结果优选复方积雪草苷凝胶主要基质的最佳处方为0．8％卡波姆940、2％聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、1％氮酮、10％甘油、15％丙二醇。结论按此基质处方制备的凝胶剂符合《中国药典》凝胶剂的相关规定。     

正交试验优选复方环丙沙星凝胶基质组成及制备工艺

目的:优选复方环丙沙星凝胶基质组成及制备工艺。方法:选取盐酸环丙沙星、卡波姆-940、甘油、三乙醇胺处方用量4种因素为可变因素,以成品稳定性为考察指标,选用L9(34)表进行正交试验。结果:最优的基质组成及工艺为盐酸环丙沙星0.3%、卡波姆-9401%、甘油7.5%、三乙醇胺2%。结论:按优选工艺制备的凝胶符合《中国药典》2000年版规定。     

复方酮康唑凝胶剂的制备

目的：制备复方酮康唑凝胶剂。方法：将酮康唑用羟丙基-β-环糊精包合，以卡波姆-940为凝胶基质，以制剂外观、稳定性和体外释放率为指标，进行凝胶剂处方和制备工艺的优选。结果：复方酮康唑凝胶剂的优化处方组成为1．0％酮康唑、0．0025％丙酸氯倍他索、1．0％硫酸新霉素、2．0％卡波姆、20％羟丙基廿环糊精、1．0％硫代硫酸钠、10％甘油、5％聚乙二醇-400、适量三乙醇胺。结论：采用优化处方制备的复方酮康唑凝胶剂，外观透明、均匀细腻，黏附性与稳定性良好。     

辣椒碱凝胶膏剂基质的处方优化

目的 优化辣椒碱凝胶膏剂基质处方及制备工艺.方法 以初黏力作为考察指标,采用单因素试验设计法及正交试验设计法优化聚丙烯酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠、卡波姆940、明胶、三氯化铝、三乙醇胺的配比.结果 聚丙烯酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠、卡波姆940、明胶混合后用甘油溶液浸泡过夜,加入填充剂硅胶G,基质可充分混匀,易于涂布.优化的基质处方:聚丙烯酸钠1.2 g、CMC-Na.0.5 g、卡波姆0.3 g、明胶3.0 g、18.75%甘油 (v/v) 40 ml、20%三氯化铝0.4 ml、三乙醇胺4 ml,在60℃涂布.结论 该工艺条件简便易于产业化,按优化后的基质处方制备的辣椒碱凝胶膏剂基质具有良好的延展性, 外观平整光滑,符合药用标准.     

正交设计法制备司帕沙星眼用凝胶

目的:制备司帕沙星眼用凝胶。方法:以卡波姆-940为基质制备司帕沙星眼用凝胶。采用正交设计试验,以样品的黏稠度、透明度及pH为考察指标,优化处方配比。结果:所制制剂为淡黄色胶体,凝胶质量符合《中国药典》2010年版眼用凝胶的质量要求。司帕沙星眼用凝胶中卡波姆-940、甘油和1,2-丙二醇的最佳用量分别为0.4%、10%和6%。结论:司帕沙星眼用凝胶的制备工艺简单、可行。     

盐酸小檗碱凝胶的制备和质量控制

盐酸小檗碱凝胶是我院研制的一种外用凝胶,基质为生物黏附剂卡波姆-940,用于婴幼儿湿疹、皮炎等皮肤病的治疗,疗效好。1仪器与试药为HP—8452A紫外分光光度仪(美国);盐酸小檗碱对照品(中国药品生物检定所,批号:110713-200208);盐酸小檗碱粉(常州亚邦制药有限公司,批号:M050801);卡波姆-940(上海人民制药厂,批号:20030511);盐酸小檗碱凝胶(本院自制)。2处方与制备2·1处方:盐酸小檗碱0·1 g,卡波姆-940 0·5 g,甘油32g,丙二醇2 g,二甲基硅油3 g,三乙醇胺适量,纯化水加至100 g。2·2制备:取卡波姆-940,加入甘油润湿研磨,适量纯化水溶胀24 h…     

均匀设计优化复方氟康唑凝胶基质处方

目的：利用均匀设计法优化复方氟康唑凝胶基质处方。方法采用4因素15水平均匀设计方案,以复方氟康唑凝胶的外观性状、粒度、pH及酸碱缓冲能力、黏度为综合评价指标,对基质处方进行优化。结果优化基质处方组成为：每100 g复方氟康唑凝胶含卡波姆-9400.9 g,磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.8)10.0 g,三乙醇胺1.9 g,乙醇19.0 g。结论按优化处方制备的复方氟康唑凝胶具有外观细腻、色泽均匀、药物稳定,适用性好的特点。     

优选精制蛇毒酶凝胶剂基质组成及制备工艺

目的室温条件下优选精制蛇毒酶凝胶剂基质组成及制备工艺。方法以凝胶剂的稳定性及外观性状为考察指标,以卡波姆-940、氮酮、丙三醇-丙二醇和吐温-80为可变因素,选用L9(34)表进行正交实验。结果最优的基质组成是:卡波姆-940 2.0g,氮酮1.0g,丙三醇-丙二醇为7g∶3g,吐温-80 1.5g。结论按该法制备的凝胶剂符合中国药典2005年版软膏剂的有关规定。     

盐酸利多卡因凝胶-口服液的研制及质量控制

目的筛选盐酸利多卡因凝胶-口服液处方,制备适合电子胃镜检查的辅助制剂。方法以卡波姆-940为基质、二甲基硅油为消泡剂制备盐酸利多卡因凝胶-口服液,详细考察其性状均匀性、消泡能力、含量、pH,确定最优处方,并通过高温、低温及离心试验考察样品的初步稳定性。结果2%盐酸利多卡因凝胶-口服液主要成分的最优处方为卡波姆-9400.3%,甘油15%,三乙醇胺0.8%,二甲基硅油2%。除高温下会使样品主药含量略有下降外,其他性质均稳定。结论2%盐酸利多卡因凝胶-口服液的制备工艺简便,质地细腻均匀,室温下稳定性好,消泡能力强,符合临床应用要求。     

正交试验优化复方粉背雷公藤凝胶剂处方

目的:优化复方粉背雷公藤凝胶剂处方。方法:以成型性、光泽度、均匀度、黏度、pH、涂展性、稳定性等组成的综合评分(总分15.0分)为指标,以卡波姆940、丙二醇、三乙醇胺及药材提取液等在处方中的用量为考察因素,设计正交试验优化复方粉背雷公藤凝胶剂处方,并进行验证试验。结果:优化处方为卡波姆940 1.0 g、氮酮2.0 g、亚硫酸氢钠0.4 g、提取液50 m L、丙二醇10g、三乙醇胺1.0 g,加水至100 g。验证试验结果显示所制凝胶综合评分均值为14.8(RSD=1.35%,n=3)。结论:优化处方所制复方粉背雷公藤凝胶成型性好,质量符合要求。     

Rheological Characterization of Topical Carbomer Gels Neutralized to Different pH

PURPOSE: The primary objective of this study is to perform detailed and extensive rheological characterization of rheology of carbomer (Carbopol) microgels formulated using a solvent system typically used in topical gel formulations. Solvents like glycerin and propylene glycol can alter rheology and drug delivery characteristics of topical gels owing to their different viscosities and due to the change in solvent-polymer and solvent-solvent interactions. METHODS: Aqueous gels with different pH were prepared by dissolving cross-linked Carbopol polymers in a co-solvent system comprising water, propylene glycol, and glycerol and subsequently neutralizing the carboxylic groups of the polymers with triethanolamine (TEA). Oscillatory, steady, and transient shear measurements were performed to measure viscoelastic properties, temperature dependency, yield strength, and thixotropy of carbomer pharmaceutical gels. RESULTS: The topical pharmaceutical gels exhibit remarkable temperature stability. Flow curves obtained at different temperatures indicate Carbopol microgels show much more pseudoplastic behavior (lower power law index) compared to Carbopol gels dissolved only in water. Substantial yield strength is required to break the microgel network of the topical gels. The gel samples exhibit modest thixotropy at higher deformation rates. CONCLUSIONS: The theological behavior of the Carbopol microgels do not change appreciably in the pH range 5.0-8.0, and the gels can be used as effective dermatological base for topical applications.     

Percutaneous Absorption of Nicardipine and Ketorolac in Rhesus Monkeys

Vehicle effects on the percutaneous absorption of nicardipine base, nicardipine hydrochloride, ketorolac acid, and ketorolac tromethamine were determined using the rhesus monkey as an in vivo model for human skin penetration. Vehicles investigated included blends of propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, ethanol, Azone, Tween 20, water, and long-chain fatty acids. Formulations were prepared such that the compound dose, application area, and percentage saturation of the compound in the vehicle were held constant. Variations in absorption of the compounds were therefore attributable to vehicle effects. Each formulation was applied to three monkeys for a period of 24 hr using 10 Hill Top Chambers. Plasma samples were taken at appropriate intervals for 36 to 48 hr. The results indicated that trimethylene glycol and Tween 20 did not enhance absorption of the test compounds despite claims by other investigators. Azone and ethanol provided moderate enhancement of both the rate and the extent of absorption, while long-chain fatty acids in combination with propylene glycol significantly enhanced penetration. In general, higher fluxes were observed with the more lipophilic compounds nicardipine base and ketorolac acid as compared to the hydrochloride and tromethamine salts.     

正交试验优选复方酮康唑凝胶剂的基质配比

目的：优选复方酮康唑凝胶剂的最佳基质配比.方法：通过正交试验设计,利用溶解扩散模型筛选出最佳基质配比,并以HPLC法同时测定酮康唑和硝酸咪康唑的含量.结果：最佳凝胶基质配比为卡波姆-940 0.3％、甘油30％、聚乙二醇400 10％.结论：凝胶基质配比合理,凝胶中酮康唑和硝酸咪康唑的单位面积累计渗透量均值同为最大值.     

Effects of penetration enhancers on Shuangwu traumatic formula: In vitro percutaneous absorption and in vivo pharmacodynamic evaluation of an herb medicine

The purposes of this study were to improve the transdermal permeation of the Shangwu traumatic formula by chemical penetration enhancers and to investigate the pharmacodynamic changes of the formula caused by incorporated enhancers. The effects of different enhancers on the transdermal absorption of piperine, the representative component of formula, were investigated by in vitro permeation studies. The tests showed an increasing enhancement effect in the following order: Azone/N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) > oleic acid > Azone/peppermint oil > Azone/oleic acid > Azone/propylene glycol > Azone > peppermint oil > NMP > propylene glycol. The ratio and the content of the most effective enhancer Azone/NMP were determined subsequently. The results suggested that the most significant penetration enhancement was achieved by 3% (w/w) Azone/NMP (3:7). Furthermore, the in vivo pharmacodynamic responses of the formula suspension with or without Azone/NMP were compared using hot-plate assay and xylene-induced ears edema test as models. The data indicated that the formula had positive effect on analgesis and anti-inflammatory, which can be enhanced with the addition of enhancers.     

自制复方特比萘酚软膏渗透促进剂的研究

目的 筛选并确定自制复方特比萘酚软膏中的渗透促进剂.方法 采用体外经皮渗透试验,使用立式Franz扩散池,接收液为60％聚乙二醇400-40％生理盐水,渗透膜为SD大鼠腹部皮肤,筛选最适渗透促进剂.结果10％丙二醇对复方特比萘芬软膏的促渗作用明显大于15％丙二醇,对比氮酮和丙二醇的促渗效果,10％丙二醇优于3％氮酮.结...     

马来酸氯苯那敏凝胶剂的制备及质量考察

目的：制备马来酸氯苯那敏凝胶剂及考察其质量。方法：以卡波姆－９４０为乳化剂,乙醇为溶剂,三乙醇胺调节ｐＨ,丙二醇作防腐剂,制备水溶性透明凝胶。采用一阶导数光谱法测定凝胶剂中马来酸氯苯那敏含量。结果：制备的凝胶均匀细腻,稠度适宜。马来酸氯苯那敏的含量为１００．７％,平均回收率为１００．８％,ＲＳＤ为１．４％。结论：该制剂性质稳定,无刺激性,是治疗过敏性鼻炎的理想新剂型。     

不同透皮促进剂对双氯芬酸钾凝胶体外透皮效果的影响研究

目的:考察氮酮(Azone)、丙二醇(PG)、油酸(OA)3种透皮促进剂一元、二元、三元联合对双氯芬酸钾凝胶的体外促透作用。方法:配制以下13种含不同透皮促进剂的双氯芬酸钾凝胶处方:空白,3%Azone,5%OA,12%PG,6%PG+2.5%OA,12%PG+5%OA,1.5%Azone+2.5%OA,1.5%Azone+6%PG+5%OA,1.5%Azone+12%PG,3%Azone+5%OA,3%Azone+6%PG,3%Azone+6%PG+5%OA,3%Azone+12%PG,以透皮速率J等为指标,采用改良的Franz扩散池,以离体人皮肤为透皮屏障,测定并计算双氯芬酸钾凝胶加入上述不同透皮促进剂处理后药物的透皮性能。结果:与空白组比较,其它各组J值均升高,其中以3%Azone+12%PG组的J值最高,达10.253 0μg.cm-2.h-1。结论:3种透皮促进剂对双氯芬酸钾凝胶均有不同程度促透效果,但以Azone和PG二元联用效果最佳。     

酮咯酸氨丁三醇凝胶剂体外经皮渗透研究

目的：考察凝胶剂作为酮咯酸氨丁三醇透皮给药载体的可行性。方法：制备卡波姆940药物凝胶，采用Franz扩散池用离体大鼠皮肤进行体外经皮渗透实验，以HPLC法测定渗透介质中药物含量并求算累积渗透量及稳态透皮速率。结果：以1．0％卡波姆940为凝胶基质，以硼砂溶液调节凝胶的pHN6．0时所制备的凝胶为最佳凝胶基质。3％的月桂氮革酮及5％的丙二醇均可以显著提高凝胶中药物的经皮渗透，且两者联用存在协同作用。结论：本实验的凝胶基质可为生产提供参考依据。