羊水过少对围生儿的影响

目的：探讨羊水过少对围生儿的影响。方法：羊水过少孕妇106例,随机抽取同期分娩羊水量正常孕妇120例为对照组,将两组围生儿情况进行比较。结果：羊水过少组中胎儿生长受限（FGR）、妊娠高血压综合征（妊高征PIH）、过期妊娠、胎儿畸形的发生率均较对照组高。羊水过少组中同时发生2种、3种妊娠并发症的发生率均较对照组高。胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息及羊水粪染的发生率也明显升高。伴有妊娠并发症的羊水过少孕妇,其胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息,羊水Ⅱ、Ⅲ度粪染率远较无妊娠并发症孕妇高。结论：羊水过少与妊娠并发症密切相关,严重威胁围生儿生命,如同时合并妊娠并发症则风险更大,羊水过少可作为许多并发症的危险信号。     

羊水过少对围生期结局的影响

目的:回顾性分析羊水过少的病例,探讨羊水过少对围生期结局的影响。方法:收集1999年1月～2007年3月在我院住院治疗的羊水过少孕妇186例为一组,同期我院分娩的羊水量正常孕妇120例作为对照组,对两组研究对象的妊娠并发症、围生儿等结局进行比较分析。结果:羊水过少组中妊娠期高血压疾病(PIH)、胎儿生长受限(FGR)、过期妊娠及胎儿畸形的发生率均较对照组高,有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),胎儿宫内窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息和围生儿死亡的发生率也明显升高,有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:羊水过少与妊娠并发症密切相关,明显影响围生儿结局。应根据实际情况选择恰当的终止妊娠时间和分娩方式,以改善围生儿预后。     

羊水过少对围生儿的影响及病因分析

目的探讨羊水过少对围生儿的影响及病因分析。方法收集2007年1月～2009年1月住院治疗的羊水过少孕妇112例随机抽取同期分娩的羊水量正常孕妇120例作为对照组,两组病例围生儿情况进行比较。结果羊水过少组中羊水粪染率,胎儿窘迫,新生儿窒息,围生儿死亡率均较对照组高。差异具有非常显著性（P〈0.01）羊水过少合并妊娠并发症与羊水过少无妊娠并发症比较：胎儿窘迫,羊水粪染率明显升高（P〈0.01）。结论羊水过少严重威胁围生儿生命并与胎盘功能异常,泌尿畸形密切相关。     

原发性羊水过少与妊娠并发症的关系及对妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨原发性羊水过少与妊娠并发症的关系及对妊娠结局的影响。方法收集我院2008年2月～2010年2月住院治疗的原发性羊水过少孕妇106例,随机抽取同期我院分娩的羊水量正常孕妇120例作为对照组,两组孕妇就妊娠并发症、围生儿及母体情况进行比较。结果原发性羊水过少组中延期过期妊娠、妊娠期肝内胆汁瘀积症（ICP）、胎儿宫内发育受限（FGR）、妊娠高血压疾病（PIH）及胎儿畸形发生率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）,羊水过少组中同时合并两种、三种妊娠并发症的发生率均较对照组高,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息及羊水粪染的发生率也明显升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。伴有妊娠并发症的羊水过少孕妇,其胎儿宫内窘迫及羊水Ⅱ、Ⅲ度粪染率远较无妊娠并发症孕妇高（P〈0.01）。剖宫产及产后出血发生率较对照组高（P〈0.05）。结论原发性羊水过少与妊娠并发症密切相关,可作为许多妊娠并发症的危险信号。原发性羊水过少严重威胁围生儿生命,造成不良妊娠结局;如果同时合并妊娠并发症则风险更大。做好产前严密的检测,积极治疗妊娠并发症,适时地选择合适的分娩方式是提高出生质量的重要方法。     

羊水过少与妊娠并发症的关系及对围产儿的影响

目的:探讨羊水过少与妊娠并发症的关系及对围产儿的影响。方法:收集我院2003年1月～2005年4月住院治疗的羊水过少孕妇106例,随机抽取同期分娩的羊水量正常孕妇120例作为对照组,两组病例就妊娠并发症、围产儿情况进行比较。结果:羊水过少组胎儿生长受限(FGR)、妊娠高血综合征(简称妊高征,PIH)、过期妊娠及胎儿畸形的发生率均较对照组高,差异有显著性(P<0.01),羊水过少组同时合并两种、三种妊娠并发症的发生率均较对照组高,差异具有显著性(P<0.05,P<0.01),胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息及羊水粪染的发生率也明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。伴有妊娠并发症的羊水过少孕妇,其胎儿宫内窘迫及羊水Ⅱ、Ⅲ度粪染率远较无妊娠并发症孕妇高(P<0.01)。结论:羊水过少与妊娠并发症密切相关,它严重威胁围产儿生命,如果同时合并妊娠并发症则风险更大,羊水过少可作为许多妊娠并发症的危险信号。     

羊水过少对围生儿的影响及与妊娠并发症的关系

目的 探讨羊水过少对围生儿的影响同时了解羊水过少与妊娠并发症的关系。方法 收集我院2003年5月至2004年10月住院分娩的羊水过少孕妇108例,随机抽取我院同期分娩的羊水量正常孕妇118例作为对照组,两组病例就围生儿情况及妊娠并发症进行比较。结果 羊水过少组中胎儿生长受限（FGR）、过期妊娠、胎儿畸形的发生率均较对照组高。差异具有显著性或非常显著性。胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息及羊水粪染的发生率也明显升高。结论 羊水过少严重威胁围生儿生命,其与妊娠并发症有密切关系,羊水过少可作为许多妊娠并发症的一个围产病理特征。     

晚期妊娠羊水过少对围生儿结局的影响

目的:探讨晚期妊娠羊水过少对围生儿结局的影响。方法:收集我院2003年1月至2005年1月住院治疗的羊水过少孕妇204例,随机抽取同期住院分娩的羊水量正常孕妇150例作为对照组,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:羊水过少组中胎儿生长受限、妊娠期高血压疾病、过期妊娠、胎儿畸形等妊娠并发症的发生率均较对照组高,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01);胎儿窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息的发生率也明显高于对照组,差异有极显著性(P<0.01);羊水过少组剖宫产率81.86%,其阴道试产中转剖宫产及阴道分娩中羊水粪染、新生儿病发生率均高于计划剖宫产组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:羊水过少与妊娠并发症密切相关,它严重威胁围生儿生命,应根据综合检查结果及妊娠是否存在高危因素选择最佳分娩方式及时终止妊娠,可以明显改善围生儿预后。     

妊娠晚期羊水过少246例临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠晚期羊水过少对围生儿结局的影响.方法 收集我院2008年1月至2009年4月住院治疗的羊水过少孕妇246例,随机抽取同期住院分娩的羊水量正常孕妇160例作为对照组,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 羊水过少组中胎儿生长受限、妊娠期高血压疾病、过期妊娠、胎儿畸形等妊娠并发症的发生率均较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);胎儿窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息的发生率也明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);羊水过少组剖宫产率85.36%,其阴道试产中转剖宫产及阴道分娩中羊水粪染、新生儿病发生率均高于计划剖宫产组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 羊水过少与妊娠并发症密切相关,它严重威胁围生儿生命,应根据综合检查结果及妊娠是否存在高危因素选择最佳分娩方式及时终止妊娠,可以明显改善围生儿预后.     

羊水过少对围生期结局的影响

目的：回顾性分析羊水过少的病例，探讨羊水过少对围生期结局的影响。方法：收集1999年1月～2007年3月在我院住院治疗的羊水过少孕妇186例为一组，同期我院分娩的羊水量正常孕妇120例作为对照组，对两组研究对象的妊娠并发症、围生儿等结局进行比较分析。结果：羊水过少组中妊娠期高血压疾病（PIH）、胎儿生长受限（FGR）、过期妊娠及胎儿畸形的发生率均较对照组高，有非常显著性差异（P〈0．01），胎儿宫内窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息和围生儿死亡的发生率也明显升高，有非常显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论：羊水过少与妊娠并发症密切相关，明显影响围生儿结局。应根据实际情况选择恰当的终止妊娠时间和分娩方式，以改善围生儿预后。     

晚期羊水过少246例临床分析

目的：探讨晚期妊娠羊水过少对围生儿结局的影响。方法：收集羊水过少孕妇246例,随机抽取同期住院分娩的羊水量正常孕妇160例作为对照组,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：羊水过少组中胎儿生长受限、妊娠期高血压疾病、过期妊娠、胎儿畸形等妊娠并发症的发生率均较对照组高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;胎儿窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息的发生率也明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;羊水过少组剖宫产率85.36%,其阴道试产中转剖宫产及阴道分娩中羊水粪染、新生儿病发生率均高于计划剖宫产组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：羊水过少与妊娠并发症密切相关,它严重威胁围生儿生命,应根据综合检查结果及妊娠是否存在高危因素选择最佳分娩方式及时终止妊娠,可以明显改善围生儿预后。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.