自杀意念新生心理健康状况及影响因素分析

目的 掌握大学新生有自杀意念者心理健康状况及影响因素,并提出预防对策.方法 采用大学生人格问卷(UPI)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对河南科技学院2009级3 850名新生进行问卷调查,筛查有自杀意念学生162人,采用回归分析法分析自杀意念与心理健康因素的关系.结果 自杀意念检出率为4.21%,存在生源(χ²=12.36,P=0.000)、学科(χ²=18.4,P=0.002)差异,无性别差异(χ²=0.299,P=0.583);UPI、SCL-90量表中,有自杀意念者总分、因子均分高于无自杀意念者(P<0.01);回归分析显示,对自杀意念有影响的因素按OR值大小排列依次是:抑郁(17.238)、其他(2.453)、敌对(1.713)、偏执(1.647)、性别(0.676)、人际敏感(0.449)、强迫(0.412).结论 有自杀意念的新生心理健康水平较低,心境低落、睡眠障碍、饮食异常、敌对、偏执是自杀高风险因素,重点关注对口生、农科类学生,加强心理健康教育,构建心理危机干预体系.     

医学院学生自杀意念及危险因素分析

目的 了解医学院学生自杀意念发生率.并分析自杀意念的危险因素.方法 应用Beck抑郁问卷、Beck焦虑量表、Beck无望感量表、青少年健康相关行为问卷、青少年生活事件量表、简易应对方式问卷、自杀态度问卷、人格诊断问卷(第4版),对华北某医学院1～3年级2 493名本科生进行现场调查,了解自杀意念发生率.采用单因索和多因素Logistic回归分析探索自杀意念的危险因素.结果 有5.56%的医学生报告最近1年内有自杀意念,性别差异无统计学意义;独生子女自杀意念报告率(7.24%)高于非独生子女(4.80%)(P＜0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析表明.自杀意念的主要危险因素有独生子女、抑郁、负性生活事件、消极应对方式、对自杀持肯定态度.结论 心理障碍和负性生活事件等是自杀意念的主要危险因素.应采取必要的预防措施对自杀意念进行早期干预.     

大学新生自杀意念与其心理健康状况的关系

目的 探讨有自杀意念的大学新生心理状况和人格特征。方法 应用EPQ、UPI和SCL—90等量表测量大学生的自杀意念、人格特征及心理健康状况。结果 有自杀意念的大学新生SCL—90总分及因子分(除了躯体化因子以外)都高于国内成人常模，而且人格特征(特别是N分)与心理健康水平有显著相关。结论 有自杀意念的大学新生心理状况值得关注，特别是N分高的学生。     

社会心理因素对医学生自杀意念影响

目的 了解医学生自杀意念发生情况,探讨心理健康状况、负性生活事件、社会支持等因素对其影响,为大学生自杀预测及预防提供依据。方法 利用青少年生活事件量表、社会支持评定量表、症状自评量表及一般情况问卷,对沈阳某医学院大一至大三年级992名在校医学生进行问卷调查。结果 医学生自杀意念发生率为7.1%;有无自杀意念医学生负性生活事件总分分别为（45.62±11.71）和（38.27±9.08）分,差异有统计学意义（t=4.754,P=0.000）;有自杀意念者在人际关系因子、学习压力因子、受惩罚因子、健康适应因子的得分均高于无自杀意念者,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.01）;自杀意念组主观支持得分（19.24±3.57）分,支持利用度得分（6.78±1.72）分,支持总分（32.85±5.71）分,均低于无自杀意念组的（20.54±3.65）、（7.71±1.86）、（36.27±5.77）分,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;症状自评量表调查结果显示,有自杀意念医学生的躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病各因子分均高于无自杀意念的医学生,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。结论 自杀意念在医学生中有一定的发生率,社会、心理因素对医学生自杀意念的产生有重要影响。     

医学生自杀意念及其危险因素分析

目的分析医学生自杀意念的发生情况及其危险因素,提出相应对策.方法对医学生进行问卷调查,采用非条件Logistic回归分析和Kleinbaum归因危险估计处理资料.结果医学生自杀意念发生率为13.6%;其危险因素有人际关系困扰、电子游戏上瘾、常因为考试失眠、常感到身心俱疲、感觉不是家庭最疼爱、为考试熬夜、想调换专业、家庭月人均收入＜500元、患慢性病、不习惯记忆分析、有恋爱经历、读书时不擅长观察实物;以上因素人群危险度百分比在7.65%～36.77%之间.结论心理和学习问题是医学生自杀意念的主要危险因素;教育主体应定期监测,加强管理.     

抑郁症患者自杀意念的社会心理影响因素研究

目的探讨影响抑郁症患者自杀意念的社会心理因素。方法采用Beck抑郁问卷、主题统觉测验中国修订版（TAT-R,C）、汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、自杀态度问卷（QSA）、生活事件量表（LES）和简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）,对197例抑郁症患者进行调查,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探索自杀意念的危险因素。结果在197例患者中,1周内出现自杀意念的抑郁症人数为59例（29.95%）。主题统觉测验中的负性欲求（包括自我攻击、消极）、HAMD中认知障碍因子是自杀意念的危险因素。采取积极的应对方式、自杀态度的F1、F2、F4因子为自杀意念的保护因素。结论鼓励患者多采用积极的应对方式,能有效地降低自杀意念的出现,预防自杀行为发生。     

高校家庭经济困难新生自杀意念及其影响因素分析

探讨高校家庭经济困难新生自杀意念现状及其影响因素,为高校心理健康教育工作提供理论依据.方法 随机抽取广州市2所高校新生10 924名,采用自杀意念问卷、大学生人格问卷(UPI)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、简明应对方式问卷和社会支持量表进行测试,并对其中3 057名家庭经济困难新生进行分析.结果 家庭经济困难新生自杀意念发生率为7.75%,非经济困难生为4.74%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);家庭经济困难新生自杀意念绝望、乐观和睡眠3个因子及总分均高于非经济困难学生(P值均<0.01),UPI,SDS,社会支持和消极应对方式得分高于非经济困难生(P值均<0.01);女生的绝望、睡眠以及自杀意念总分高于男生(P值均<0.05);UPI,SDS以及消极应对、主观支持、客观支持和对支持的利用度对自杀意念回归效应显著(P值均<0.05).结论 家庭经济困难新生自杀意念高于非经济困难生.应从影响家庭经济困难学生自杀意念的因素人手加强心理健康教育工作.     

青海省青少年自杀意念及其影响因素分析

目的 了解青海省青少年自杀意念及其影响因素,为采取干预措施提供依据.方法 采用多阶段随机抽样法,抽取青海省6个地区14064名学生进行问卷调查.结果 高中生的自杀意念报告率高于初中生和大学生(P＜0.01),学习成绩差的学生自杀意念报告率高于学习成绩好的和一般的(P＜0.01).Logistic回归分析结果表明,家庭类型、骑车违规、步行违规、去无安全措施地方游泳、去无安全措施场所滑冰、经常受到欺侮、上下学时经常感到安全无保障、动手打架、曾感到孤独、经常因学习成绩心情不愉快、经常因担心某事失眠、有意伤害自己是自杀意念的危险因素.结论 青海省青少年自杀行为受多种因素影响.应针对影响因素积极采取有效措施,减少青少年自杀行为的发生.     

江西省大学生自杀意念及其影响因素分析

目的了解江西省大学生自杀意念现状及其影响因素,为高校进行危机干预提供依据。方法采用自编大学生自杀意念问卷,对随机抽取的江西省1010名大学生进行调查。结果大学生近1a自杀意念报告率为11.19%。不同性别学生自杀意念报告率差别无统计学意义(P0.05),不同性质学校、不同学历、不同专业大学生自杀意念报告率差别均有统计学意义(P值均0.05)。积极应对、家庭和谐、性格外向是自杀意念的保护因素,学习压力、经济压力、儿童期被忽视、人际关系紧张、记忆中有深刻的自杀印象(媒体报道或亲眼目睹)、就业压力是自杀意念的危险因素。结论江西省大学生自杀意念发生率值得关注。消除自杀意念的危险因素,提高其保护因素,可以有效降低大学生自杀意念的发生率。     

广州市美沙酮维持治疗患者自杀意念现状及危险因素分析

目的 了解广州市美沙酮维持治疗患者产生自杀意念的现状,分析广州市美沙酮维持治疗患者产生自杀意念的影响因素。方法 应用描述性统计方法,对广州市美沙酮维持治疗患者产生自杀意念的现况进行分析。应用R3.1.2软件建立多因素非条件Logistic回归模型,采用ROC法对模型进行有效性评价。结果 本次调查人群中44人曾产生自杀意念（20.18%）,13人曾计划自杀（5.96%）,9人曾尝试自杀(4.13%)。多因素Logistic回归显示美沙酮维持治疗患者产生自杀意念的危险因素为轻度抑郁情绪、中重度抑郁、轻度焦虑情绪、中重度焦虑情绪,而保护因素为中社会支持度和高社会支持度;ROC法评价模型预测准确率为79.50%。结论 抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪和低社会支持度是美沙酮维持治疗患者自杀意念的高危因素;社工和美沙酮维持治疗医务工作者有必要对患者进行更多的关怀。     

Factors Influencing Suicidal Ideation According to the Deprivation Indices of Different Regions in Korea

ObjectivesThis study examined how deprivation differed by region and the effect those differences had on suicidal ideation among the local population.MethodsData collected over 10 years (2012-2021) in the Korea Welfare Panel Study were organized into 3 categories: metropolitan, city, and rural. A panel analysis was conducted on the impact of deprivation indices, socio-demographic characteristics, and life satisfaction on suicidal ideation in each category.ResultsIncome, divorce status, family relationship satisfaction, and medical deprivation had a significant impact on suicidal ideation in metropolitan areas, whereas these variables did not have significant effects in rural areas. In other words, income, family, and medical support were more impactful in city areas.ConclusionsAlthough the deprivation index was higher in rural areas than in city areas due to an aging population and reduced income levels, the mental health of rural residents was found to be generally better than that of city residents. The possibility that this is related to the strength of relationships within the respective communities should be considered in light of recent discussions on relational welfare.     

广州中学生自杀意念与家庭关系研究

目的了解广州市中学生自杀意念的报告情况,分析其与家庭的关系,为制定青少年相关健康教育政策和采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法分别抽取广州市8所中学约6 420名学生进行无记名问卷调查。结果有17.5%的中学生报告有自杀意念;中学女生自杀意念的报告率高于男生;父亲文化程度较高的学生自杀意念的报告率较高。自杀意念与喜欢家庭、家庭成员互相关心呈负相关(P<0.05);与家人不了解我、觉得被家人忽略呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论应重视青少年自杀意念的发生,并及早干预,减少自杀的发生以促进青少年身心健康。     

Determinants of Mental Health Care Utilization in a Suicide High-risk Group With Suicidal Ideation

Objectives:

The suicide rate in Korea is increasing every year, and is the highest among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries. Psychiatric patients in particular have a higher risk of suicide than other patients. This study was performed to evaluate determinants of mental health care utilization among individuals at high risk for suicide.

Methods:

Korea Health Panel data from 2009 to 2011 were used. Subjects were individuals at high risk of suicide who had suicidal ideation, a past history of psychiatric illness, or had utilized outpatient services for a psychiatric disorder associated with suicidal ideation within the past year. The chi-square test and hierarchical logistic regression were used to identify significant determinants of mental health care utilization.

Results:

The total number of subjects with complete data on the variables in our model was 989. Individuals suffering from three or more chronic diseases used mental health care more frequently. Mental health care utilization was higher in subjects who had middle or high levels of educational attainment, were receiving Medical Aid, or had a large family size.

Conclusions:

It is important to control risk factors in high-risk groups as part of suicide prevention strategies. The clinical approach, which includes community-based intervention, entails the management of reduction of suicidal risk. Our study identified demographic characteristics that have a significant impact on mental health care utilization and should be considered in the development of suicide prevention strategies. Further studies should examine the effect of mental health care utilization on reducing suicidal ideation.     

Suicidal Ideation and its Correlates among Juvenile Delinquents in South Korea

Objectives

This study investigated suicidal ideation and its correlates among juvenile delinquents in South Korea.

Methods

Suicidal ideation, psychological health status, and health-related behaviors were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire in 1682 juvenile offenders aged between 15 and 18 years in 2012.

Results

The prevalence of suicidal ideation in juvenile delinquents was 15.2%. Girls were more likely to report suicidal thoughts than boys (30.3% vs. 12.7%). Suicidal ideation was more common among adolescents who were not living with their family prior to entering detention centers (22.6% vs. 13.2%) than their counterparts. The likelihood of suicidal ideation was significantly associated with problem drinking [odds ratio (OR) = 1.84], psychedelic drug use (OR = 2.04), feeling unhappy (OR = 3.05), feeling sad or depressed (OR = 13.37) after controlling for sociodemographic factors, other health behaviors and perceptions.

Conclusion

The present study provides evidence for an association between suicidal ideation and psychological health and health risk behaviors among juvenile delinquents. It also highlights the importance of mental health and behavioral interventions for this population to prevent suicidality.     

铁路工地流动人口自杀意念和自杀未遂的影响因素分析

目的了解建筑工地流动人口的自杀意念、自杀未遂的出现率及其危险因素。方法采用面对面调查的方式对合肥市铁路施工单位943名在外施工的流动人口进行问卷调查，通过Logistic回归分析筛选其危险因素。结果自杀意念和自杀未遂终生发生率分别为3．18％和0．95％；多因素分析显示两者的共同影响因素为近一个月与家人的关系好坏。结论未婚、高中及以上文化、工作环境／条件差、与家人的关系差者为建筑工地流动人口出现自杀意念的高危人群，需投入更多的关注以预防自杀。     

某高校大学新生2007-2011年心理健康状况横断面调查

目的 了解大学新生心理健康状况以及其逐年变化情况,分析与其心理健康相关因素.方法 采用国家教育部编制的CCSMHS对某校2007-2011年大学新生进行自填式问卷调查.结果 某高校2007-2011年大学新生心理问题检出率分别为9.0％、9.0％、8.4％、5.9％和5.8％.有心理问题学生中,以焦虑、抑郁和精神病倾向比例较高;2010、2011年大学新生心理问题检出率显著低于2007-2009年各年的.结论 某高校大学新生中存在一定比例的心理健康问题,需要在高校学生中定期开展心理健康测量以尽早发现有心理问题的学生,及时采取干预措施促进其心理健康发展.     

The Moderating Effect of Gender on the Relationship Between Self-neglect and Suicidal Ideation in Older Adults of Korea

ObjectivesPrevious studies have reported that self-neglect, which may be a sign of elder abuse, can result in suicide among older adults. The signs of self-neglect and its impact on the risk of suicide may differ by gender. Thus, this study explored the association between self-neglect and suicide risk in older Korean adults and examined the potential moderating effect of gender on this relationship.MethodsData were collected from 356 Korean adults aged 65 or older through an online survey. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the research hypothesis. First, the associations between 4 sub-dimensions of self-neglect (i.e., daily life management issues, personal hygiene issues, financial management issues, and relational issues) and suicidal ideation were examined. Then, the moderating effect of gender on these relationships was investigated by including interaction terms.ResultsSelf-neglect was significantly associated with suicidal ideation in older adults. Aspects of self-neglect related to daily life management and relational factors were key predictors of suicidal ideation. Gender significantly moderated the effect of the relational dimension of self-neglect on suicidal ideation. The relational dimension of self-neglect was more strongly associated with suicidal ideation in older women than in older men.ConclusionsThe findings suggest the importance of screening older adults with signs of self-neglect for suicide risk. Special attention should be paid to older women who experience relational issues as a high-risk group for suicidal ideation. Public programs and support systems should be established to improve daily life management and promote social relationships among older adults.     

大学生水文化认同度与心理弹性、自杀意念的关系

目的 探明大学生水文化认同度与心理弹性、自杀意念的关系,为高校心理健康教育及危机干预工作提供水文化视野。方法 采用大学生水文化认同度问卷、成人心理弹性量表（RSA）、自杀意念自评量表（SIOSS）对974名大学生进行调查。结果 大学生水文化认同度问卷8个维度得分均超过理论中值3分,总分为28.52±2.73。在人口统计学变量上,女生比男生、文科学生比理工科学生、农村籍学生比城镇籍学生更认同水文化价值观,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。水文化高认同组有自杀意念者的检出率为6.08%,水文化低认同组为12.93%,二者比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.16,P〈0.01）。结论 大学生总体而言对水文化价值观持认同态度,但不同性别、学科、生源地学生存在差异。越认同水文化价值观的大学生个体,越具有较好的心理弹性,越不容易产生自杀意念。水文化教育对维护大学生心理健康具有重要作用。     

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempt among Prisoners in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundSuicide is a serious cause of mortality worldwide and the single most common cause of death in the prison population. Studies on suicidal ideation and attempt among prison people in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation and attempt among prisoners in Debre Markos Correctional Center, northwest, Ethiopia, 2019.MethodAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted using the simple random sampling technique; a total of 640 participants was recruited. Suicidal ideation and attempts were assessed using the suicidality module of the World Mental Health (WMH) survey initiative version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).ResultsThe prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt were 21.9% and 13.1% with 95% CI (18.40, 25.20) and (10.60, 15.80) respectively. The study revealed that female sex (AOR=2.60, 95%CI: 1.39, 8.20) and family history of mental illness (AOR=2.08, 95%CI: 1.11, 3.90) were significantly associated with both suicidal ideation and attempt. Whereas divorced/widowed (AOR=3.67, 95%CI: 2.05, 6.58), common mental disorder (AOR=1.98, 95%CI: 1.25, 3.16) and poor social support (AOR=2.68, 95%CI: 1.42, 5.06) were statistically associated with suicidal ideation, and previous incarceration (AOR=2.38, 95%CI: 1.20, 5.16) was significantly associated with a suicide attempt.ConclusionThe result shows that the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt were serious problems among prisoners. As a result, inmate people need greater attention and interventions for suicidal behaviors.