GP和NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的随机对照临床研究

目的比较吉西他滨联合顺铂（GP方案）与长春瑞滨联合顺铂（NP方案）治疗晚期NSCLC的近期疗效和毒性作用。方法105例初治晚期NSCLC患者随机分为GP组和NP组，GP组53例，NP组52例。化疗2周期后对两组的临床疗效和毒性反应进行评价。结果GP组有效率为41．5％，NP组为36．5％，两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。GP组不良反应以血小板降低为主，NP组以静脉炎为主，均可耐受。结论吉西他滨或长春瑞滨联合顺铂治疗晚期NSCLC具有较好的耐受性和临床疗效，不良反应有所不同，但都可以耐受。     

放疗联合NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效观察

对21例晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者采用放疗联合NP方案（即长春瑞滨25mg／m^2,第1、8天静脉快速滴注;顺铂30mg／m^2,第2、3、4天静滴）化疗。结果：21例中CR1例,PR9例,NC8例,PD3例,总有效率47．6％。认为放疗联合NP方案治疗NSCLC近期疗效较好。     

DP和NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌临床比较

38例晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者随机分为两组。DP组18例,静滴国产多西他赛（DOC）40mg／m^2,第1、8天;静滴顺铂（DDP）30mg／m^2,第2～4天;NP组20例,静推长春瑞滨（NVB）25mg／m^2,第1、8天;DDP用法同DP组。28d为1周期,2周期后评价疗效。结果：总有效率（CR＋PR）DP组38．9％,NP组30％,两组比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。两组主要不良反应为胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制、脱发及静脉炎。认为DP与NP方案对晚期NSCLC均有确切疗效,均可作为一线治疗方案应用。     

GP方案与NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的比较吉西他滨联合顺铂（GP）方案和长春瑞滨联合顺铂（NP）方案对初治晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效和不良反应。方法晚期NSCLC患者60例随机分成两组,分别接受GP方案或NP方案化疗,入组的每例患者均接受至少2个周期以上的化疗,比较两组不同化疗方案的近期疗效和毒副反应。结果GP组有效率46．67％,NP组有效率40．00％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．60）;不良反应主要为骨髓抑制,GP组血小板减少发生率高于NP组,NP组白细胞下降发生率高于GP组,两组比较差异有统计学意义,但均在可耐受的范围内。结论GP方案和NP方案治疗晚期NSCLC均有较好的临床疗效且疗效相当,不良反应均可耐受,因此GP和NP两种化疗方案均可作为晚期NSCLC的一线治疗方案。     

HP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌临床疗效观察

目的研究HP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的临床疗效及毒副作用。方法38例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者应用HCPT 10mg／m^2／d，静脉滴注，第1天至第5天；DDP 20mg／m^2／d，静脉滴注，第1天至第5天；21d为1个周期，连用3个周期。结果38例CR 13．2％（5／38），PR 39．5％（15／38），SD 36．8％（14／38），PD 10．5％（4／38），总有效率52．6％（20／38）。结论 HCPT联合DDP的HP方案治疗晚期NSCLC为较有效方案，毒性低，值得临床推广研究。     

岩舒联合NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效与毒性观察

目的观察岩舒注射液联合长春瑞滨（NVB）、顺铂（DDP）方案（NP方案）治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的近期疗效和毒副反应。方法68例晚期NSCLC患者分为对照组和观察组,均采用NP方案化疗,观察组加用岩舒注射液,完成2～4周期后进行疗效评价。结果两组近期疗效无明显差异,但观察组临床受益反应（KPS评分、体质量、止痛药用量等）优于对照组,毒副反应主要为轻微的血液毒性。结论岩舒注射液联合化疗具有改善NSCLC患者生活质量和明显协同、增效、减毒作用,可作为化疗的辅助用药。     

NP方案联合同步放疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的观察NP方案（长春瑞滨＋顺铂）联合同步放疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的临床疗效和不良反应。方法75例局部晚期NSCLC患者随机分为两组,化疗组（n=37）单纯采用NP方案化疗,联合组（n=38）在NP方案化疗基础上同时进行常规放疗。观察两组患者治疗总有效率及不良反应。结果联合组治疗总有效率（86．8％）明显高于化疗组（56．8％,P〈0．05）。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论NP方案联合同步放疗治疗局部晚期NSCLC近期疗效较好,不良反应无明显增多。     

NP方案治疗晚期NSCLC临床观察

目的观察国产长春瑞滨（NVB）联合顺铂（DDP）组成NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的近期疗效。方法NP方案治疗26例晚期NSCLC，其中男20例，女6例；11Ib期10例，Ⅳ期16例；鳞癌13例，腺癌10例，鳞腺癌3例；初治10例，复治16例，方法NVB：25mg／m。加生理盐水，快速静滴，第1，8天；DDP：25mg／m。加生理盐水500ml，静滴，第1～3天，2l天为1个周期，3周期为1个疗程。结果全组26例CR：0例，PR：11例，SD：13例，PD：2例。总有效率为42．3％。NVB限制性毒性为白细胞下降96．2％，其中Ⅲ～Ⅳ度为53．8％，静脉炎的发生率为61．5％，脱发和周围神经毒性分别为46．2％和34．6％。结论以国产NVB和DDP组成的NP方案治疗晚期NSCLC近期有效率较高，不良反应可耐受，值得临床观察应用。     

吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的探讨吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺（NSCLC）的疗效及毒性。方法对26例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者予以顺铀80mg／m^2，VD，第1天，吉西他滨800—1000／m^2，VD，第1、8天，21d为一个周期，完成3个周期后评价疗效。结果全组总有效率为38．5％，其中鳞癌为40％，腺癌为36．4％，中位生存期12．1个月，1年生存率为41％。主要毒性反应为骨髓抑制和恶心呕吐，绝大多数患者可以耐受良好。结论吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌是安全、有效的化疗方案，可延长患者生存存期，毒性反应可以耐受。     

多西紫杉醇联合顺铂与紫杉醇联合顺铂一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的随机临床对照研究

背景与目的 多西紫杉醇是二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的有效药物，近年来多项临床试验显示其在一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效与目前常用的一线方案相似。本研究拟比较多西紫杉醇联合顺铂（DC）与紫杉醇联合顺铂（PC）一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效、毒副反应及生存。方法细胞学或病理学确诊的90例初治晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为DC组与PC组。DC组：多西紫杉醇75mg／m^2，静脉滴注1小时，第1天，顺铂75mg／m^2，分成两天静脉滴注，第2，3天。PC组：紫杉醇150mg／m^2，静脉滴注3小时，第1天；顺铂75mg／m^2，分成两天静脉滴注，第2～3天。顺铂用药时需水化。两种方案均为21天重复。至少完成2周期化疗的患者进行疗效、毒副反应评价，并分析生存情况。结果DC组总有效率为31．1％，中位生存期为10．2月，中位疾病进展时间为4．4月，1年和2年生存率分别为35．6％、8．9％；PC组总有效率为33．3％，中位生存期为10．4月，中位疾病进展时间为4．9月，1年和2年生存率分别为37．8％、11．1％。两组的总有效率、中位生存期、中位疾病进展时间及1、2年生存率均无显著性统计学差异（P〉0．05）。两组Ⅲ度和Ⅳ度毒副反应为白细胞减少、贫血、恶心呕吐及脱发，无显著性统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论多西紫杉醇联合顺铂方案与紫杉醇联合顺铂方案比较，疗效与生存相似，毒副反应较轻，耐受性好，是一线治疗非小细胞肺癌的有效方案。     

间接血凝试验NP30筛检血吸虫病效果

目的 评价间接血凝试验（IHA）、NP30在血吸虫病大规模现场调查中的筛检作用。方法选择疫区村1338人,采用双盲法,同时采用尼龙绢集卵孵化法和IHA、NP30血清学检查,计算其血检阳性率、粪检阳性率、人群感染率;尼龙绢集卵孵化法分别与IHA、NP30、IHA＋NP30配对,计算IHA、NP30、IHA＋NP30血检过筛的粪检漏检率。结果1338人的粪检阳性率为9．72％。IHA、NP30、IHA＋NP30血检阳性率分别为23．09％、21．90％、37．67％,人群感染率分别为6．35％、7．17％、9．34％,漏检率分别为34．62％、26．15％、3．85％。IHA＋NP30双项检查,血检阳性率高于任-单项血检组（P均〈0．01）,其人群感染率与粪检阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论采用IHA＋NP30双项筛检病人,漏检率低,更能准确反映实际病情。     

Electrophysiological Response to Ethanol in P and NP Rats

Event-related potentials (ERPs) have been successfully used in human subjects to evaluate alcoholics as well as those at risk for the future development of alcoholism. In the present study, two lines of rats, those with a preference for ethanol consumption (P) and those not preferring (NP) to drink ethanol were studied using ERP-producing stimuli. Rats were implanted with electrodes in the frontal cortex and dorsal hippocampus (DHPC). A passive auditory "oddball" paradigm was used to record ERP responses following saline and two doses (0.5, 1.0 g/kg) of ethanol. P and NP rats differed under the saline condition in that P rats had smaller N1-like ERP components and larger P2 waves in both cortex and hippocampus. P and NP rats were also found to differ in response to ethanol administration. NP rats evidenced dose-dependent reductions in ERP component amplitudes such as the N1 recorded from cortical sites. P rats did not have such reductions in N1 amplitudes and in fact, displayed increased N1 amplitudes in hippocampal sites. These studies provide further electrophysiological evidence that rats with a genetically influenced preference for ethanol consumption differ from nonpreferring rats at baseline and have a less intense depressant or more stimulating response to ethanol challenge.     

Eye movement and random number in NP lupus evaluation

We evaluated the vulnerability of central nervous system (CNS) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using exploratory eye movement analysis and random number generation (RNG), and compared the tests in evaluating CNS vulnerability. Nineteen patients received the tests more than a month after SLE onset in nonpsychotic status. Exploratory eye movements were analyzed using an eye-mark recorder that detects corneal reflection of infrared light, and numbers of eye fixations were counted to calculate responsive search score (RSS). Using digits 0 through 9, 100 numbers were vocally generated at a random fashion. “Seriality score” was calculated from the recorded 100 numbers. RSS of SLE patients was similar to that of normal individuals, irrespective of neuropsychiatric lupus history. Seriality score of patients having a history of neuropsychiatric lupus was higher than that of never having it (p < 0.05). No relations were confirmed between RSS and seriality score. The current study suggested heterogeneous nature of SLE in CNS vulnerability when evaluating with seriality score, but not with RSS. There seemed to be a difference between exploratory eye movement analysis and RNG in evaluating CNS vulnerability. Each test seemed to evaluate different aspects of brain function.     

日本血吸虫NP30抗体检测方法的优化

目的为了提高单克隆抗独特型抗体NP30抗体检测系统在大山区日本血吸虫病疫区的诊断效能,在原有的双抗体夹心ELISA方法的基础上对其进行优化、改良,建立间接ELISA血清学诊断方法。方法通过正交设计,选用L27(313)正交表,对NP30腹水包被酶标板的浓度、血清浓度、血清孵育时间和辣根过氧化物酶标记抗人IgG的二抗孵育时间共4个因素的3个水平进行不同组合的实验,确定该间接法的最佳实验条件。并用建立的方法对50份云南大山区日本血吸虫粪孵阳性病人血清样本和50份非疫区正常人血清样本进行检测,评价其敏感性和特异性。结果确定的该间接法最佳检测条件为:NP30腹水4μg/ml包被酶标板,血清浓度为1∶100,37℃孵育60min,二抗为37℃孵育30min。该方法的敏感性和特异性分别为88%和96%。结论该方法具有较高的诊断价值,可用于大山区日本血吸虫病疫区的诊断检测。     

Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端肽和Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽在心肌纤维化的研究进展

心肌纤维化是各种心血管疾病向终末期发展的必然过程,是决定心血管疾病预后的关键因素。选择合适的生物标志物可实现对心肌纤维化的早期识别和早期干预,延缓疾病进程。Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端肽和Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽被认为是体内Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原合成的间接标志。现就Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端肽和Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽在心肌纤维化的研究进展进行综述。     

日本血吸虫抗独特型抗体NP30对急性血吸虫病的免疫治疗作用

目的探讨日本血吸虫抗独特型抗体NP30对急性血吸虫病的免疫治疗作用。方法根据L9（3^4）正交表设计动物实验,日本血吸虫尾蚴感染C57BL／6小鼠后注射抗独特型抗体NP30,观察不同治疗方案各组小鼠的存活时间并计算不同时问段的生存率,取小鼠肝脏石蜡切片,HE染色,测量小鼠单个虫卵肉芽肿的直径及面积。结果各实验组小鼠的生存中位数为45～78d,其中第4组生存中位数为71d,比同样感染40条尾蚴的对照组2（53d）延长了33．96％。Cox回归分析显示小鼠存活时间主要与尾蚴感染水平、抗体注射途径有关（P均〈0．05）。各实验组小鼠单个虫卵肉芽肿平均直径为179．07～226．86μm,平均面积为（32．11～5t．37）×10^3μm^2;对照组各组小鼠单个虫卵肉芽肿平均直径为205．89～239．86μm,平均面积为（44．61～57．24）×10^3μm^2。极差分析及方差分析均显示抗独特型抗体NP30的注射方式和注射剂量是影响虫卯肉芽肿平均直径和面积的主效应因素。NP30的最佳免疫治疗方案为感染尾蚴28d后,以每鼠每只20μg的剂量连续3次肌肉注射。结论抗独特型抗体NP30可改善血吸虫感染小鼠的生存状况,降低血吸虫对宿主造成的免疫病理损害,具有治疗急性血吸虫病的潜能。     

Identification of a natriuretic peptide (NP) in cyclostomes (lamprey and hagfish): CNP-4 is the ancestral gene of the NP family

In bony fishes, natriuretic peptides (NPs) comprise a hormone family that is composed of seven subtypes; ANP, BNP, VNP that have an intramolecular ring and N- and C-terminal extensions, and four CNPs (CNP-1 to -4) that lack the C-terminal extension. To assess the ancestral molecule of the NP family, we determined the NP sequences in several species of two extant cyclosotome groups, lampreys and hagfishes. A cDNA encoding CNP was cloned from the heart and brain of three phylogenetically distant species of lampreys, Geotria australis, Lampetra japonica, and Petromyzon marinus. In the deduced prohormone sequence of each species, two potential processing signals, lysine-lysine (KK) that is commonly present in CNP precursors, and arginine-X-X-arginine (RXXR) for furin-like proprotein convertase (PC) that is typical for CNP-4 were present. The deduced mature peptides that are released at each signal were highly conserved among three species; 100% cleaved at KK and >92% processed at RXXR. In L. japonica, the CNP gene was expressed almost exclusively in the heart and brain. Meanwhile, a cDNA encoding NP with a C-terminal tail sequence was cloned from the heart and brain of three hagfish species in different genera, Myxine glutinosa, Eptatretus cirrhatus, and Paramyxine atami. The precursor sequences including the prosegment had >80% identity among the three hagfish species. A processing signal, RXXR, is also conserved in the prosegment of all hagfish NPs. The molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred that the lamprey CNP and hagfish NP belong to the CNP-4 group, even though the hagfish NP has a C-terminal sequence extended from the intramolecular ring. The presence of a processing signal, RXXR, in the prosegment of cyclostome NPs supports the above classification. Based on the current findings, we suggest that the ancestral gene of the NP family is CNP-4.     

NP30 stimulates Th17 differentiation through DC in Schistosomiasis Japonicum

The murine monoclonal anti‐idiotypic antibody, NP30, is a potential vaccine candidate against Schistosoma japonicum. Previous studies have revealed that NP30 has an immunoregulatory effect, but the underlying mechanism for this effect remains unknown. This study shows that NP30 induces dendritic cell (DC) maturation and increases the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. The expression of CD86 and MHC II was upregulated in DCs following stimulation with NP30 in vitro. Moreover, NP30 induced Th17 polarization by increasing the production of IL‐6 and TGF‐β. In vivo, Th17 differentiation was induced by the production of key pro‐inflammatory cytokines, including IL‐6and TGF‐β, from DCs of NP30‐immunized mice. These results indicate that NP30 promotes Th17 polarization through DC activation, preventing serious schistosomiasis.