中药秦艽抗炎镇痛作用的实验研究

目的研究中药秦艽的抗炎镇痛作用。方法用醋酸扭体法、热板法观察秦艽水煎液对小鼠的镇痛作用;用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、角叉菜胶致足跖肿胀的方法观察秦艽水煎液的抗炎作用。结果秦艽水煎液30g/kg能减少小鼠扭体次数,提高小鼠痛阈值（P〈0.01）,明显抑制小鼠耳廓肿胀和足跖肿胀（P〈0.01）。结论秦艽具有一定的抗炎、镇痛作用。     

红茴香与徐长卿的协同镇痛抗炎作用研究

目的研究红茴香与徐长卿的协同镇痛、抗炎作用,为研制复方制剂提供实验依据。方法小鼠随机分为对照组、阿司匹林组、红茴香组、徐长卿组、红茴香和徐长卿两药合用组,采用小鼠热板法、醋酸扭体法观察各给药组对小鼠的镇痛作用;以二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀法观察各给药组的抗炎作用。结果红茴香与徐长卿合用较单独使用更能提高小鼠痛阈值,提高小鼠扭体和耳廓肿胀的抑制率。结论红茴香和徐长卿合用可以增强镇痛、抗炎效果,减少红茴香用量,降低其毒副作用风险。     

速效止痛凝胶镇痛抗炎作用的实验研究

目的 研究速效止痛凝胶的镇痛抗炎作用。方法 采用醋酸引起疼痛、小鼠因疼痛而扭体的实验观察速效止痛凝胶的镇痛作用;用二甲苯致炎剂所致小鼠耳廓肿胀和大鼠棉球肉芽肿形成实验,观察该药对急慢性炎症的抗炎作用。结果 速效止痛凝胶对小鼠醋酸扭体反应次数有显著性降低（P〈0．01）,对二甲苯的致炎作用有显著性减轻（P〈0．05）,对大鼠棉球肉芽肿形成有明显的抑制作用（P〈0．01）。结论 速效止痛凝胶有明显的镇痛作用和抗炎作用,提示该药对跌打损伤有较好的治疗作用。     

中药愈伤便捷湿巾的主要药效学实验研究

目的研究中药愈伤便捷湿巾的镇痛、抗炎及改善微循环的作用。方法镇痛实验热板法及电刺激法;抗炎实验采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀法及角叉菜胶致小鼠足趾肿胀法,并测定小鼠炎症渗出液中PGE2含量;改善微循环实验采用观察中药愈伤便捷湿巾对小鼠耳廓微循环的影响。结果中药愈伤便捷湿巾具有对抗热板及电刺激致痛的作用;可明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀及角叉菜胶致小鼠足趾肿胀,对炎症介质也有较好抑制作用;具有收缩微循环血管,改善微循环的作用。结论中药愈伤便捷湿巾具有明显的镇痛、抗炎、收缩微循环血管的作用。     

龙川草骨痛颗粒剂联合软膏剂的抗炎和镇痛作用实验研究

目的 研究龙川草骨痛颗粒剂、软膏剂及联合用药的抗炎、镇痛作用。方法 采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀,蛋清、角又菜致大鼠足跖肿胀,大鼠巴豆油气囊肿等常规抗炎模型以及大鼠毛细管通透性试验方法;用小鼠扭体法、小鼠热板法和大鼠辐射热照射法进行了镇痛实验。结果 龙川草骨痛颗粒剂、软膏剂及联合用药可明显抑制小鼠耳肿胀及蛋清、角叉菜引起的大鼠足跖肿胀,能显著抑制巴豆油气囊肿导致的炎症渗出及肉芽组织的增生,能明显抑制组胺所致的毛细血管通透性增加;可明显增加延长热刺激引起的小鼠疼痛反应的痛域值。结论 龙川草骨痛颗粒剂、软膏剂及联合用药有很强的抗炎和镇痛作用。     

舒利通颗粒药效学作用的实验研究

目的通过动物实验,研究舒利通颗粒治疗慢性前列腺炎的药效学作用。方法采用醋酸引起小鼠疼痛而扭体的实验,观察舒利通颗粒的镇痛作用;通过二甲苯致炎剂所致小鼠耳廓肿胀和大鼠棉球肉芽肿形成实验,观察该药对急慢性炎症的抗炎作用。结果舒利通颗粒对小鼠醋酸扭体反应次数有显著性降低作用（P〈0．01）,对二甲苯的致炎作用有显著性减轻作用（P〈0．05）,对大鼠棉球肉芽肿形成有明显的抑制作用（P〈0．01）。结论舒利通颗粒有很好的药效学作用,具有明显的镇痛作用和抗炎作用,提示该药对慢性前列腺炎有较好的治疗效果。     

祖师麻止痛喷雾剂主要药效学研究

目的研究祖师麻止痛喷雾剂的镇痛、抗炎、活血作用。方法采用小鼠热板法和甩尾法研究其镇痛作用;以二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀、角叉菜胶所致大鼠足跖肿胀的炎症模型研究抗炎作用;以大鼠血瘀模型研究活血作用。结果祖师麻止痛喷雾剂能够延长小鼠的辐射热甩尾潜伏期,增加热板法所致疼痛的痛阈时间,降低二甲苯所致的小鼠耳壳肿胀度,降低角叉菜胶所致大鼠足跖肿胀度,对大鼠血瘀模型有活血作用。结论祖师麻止痛喷雾剂具有明显的抗炎、镇痛、活血作用,可为临床应用提供实验依据。     

祖师麻总香酮镇痛抗炎作用的实验研究

目的:研究祖师麻总香酮镇痛抗炎的作用。方法:采用热板法、醋酸扭体法、光照甩尾法研究祖师麻总香酮的镇痛作用;采用二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀和大鼠角叉菜胶足趾肿胀方法,研究祖师麻有效部位群总香酮的抗炎作用。结果:祖师麻总香酮对显著减少小鼠扭体反应的次数,显著提高光电引起的痛阈值;小鼠耳肿胀和大鼠足肿胀均有显著的抑制作用,能明显延长热板所致的小鼠舔后肢的时间。结论:祖师麻总香酮具有较强的镇痛、抗炎作用。     

老鹳草鞣质类化合物的抗炎、免疫和镇痛作用

目的：研究老鹳草总鞣质（ＨＧＴ）的抗炎、抑制免疫和镇痛作用。方法：用大鼠蛋清性关节炎模型，佐剂性关节炎模型，小鼠迟发性超敏反应模型，炭粒吞噬法，甲醛致痛模型，扭体法和热板法。结果：ＨＧＴ能明显抑制大鼠蛋清性关节炎的足跖肿胀，抑制大鼠佐剂性关节炎原发性和继发性的足跖肿胀，抑制２，４二硝基氯代苯所致的小鼠耳廓皮肤迟发性超敏反应，抑制小鼠网状内皮系统的吞噬功能，减少甲醛致痛的舔足次数和醋酸致痛的扭体次数。结论：ＨＧＴ有明显的抗炎、抑制免疫和镇痛作用     

消淤止痛喷雾剂抗炎镇痛的实验研究

目的研究消淤止痛喷雾剂的镇痛、抗炎作用。方法磷酸组织胺诱导小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加法及二甲苯诱导小鼠耳肿胀法研究其抗炎作用。小鼠热板法、甩尾法试验观察其镇痛作用。结果消淤止痛喷雾剂能明显抑制小鼠腹腔毛细血管炎性渗出（P〈0．05）,抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀（P〈0．001）。能明显提高热板和光热疼痛模型小鼠痛阈,延长致痛潜伏期（P〈0．05）。结论消淤止痛喷雾剂有明显的镇痛、抗炎作用。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.