非老年性冠心病左心形态与功能关系探讨

目的：探讨非老年性冠心病的左心形态与心功能的关系。方法：对50例冠心病患者,与正常对照组进行超声心动图检查,测量其左心室内径（LA）,舒张末期左心室内径（LVDd),舒张期室间隔厚度（IVS）,左心室舒张期后壁厚度（LVPW）,射血分数（EF）,左室内径缩短分数（FS）,每搏输出量（SV）,心输出量（CO）,二尖瓣E峰速度与A峰速度比（E／A比值）。结果：冠心病组患者左心房（LA）比对照组增大,并有舒张功能下降。结论：非老年冠心病患者早期就出现了心脏重塑,舒张功能下降。     

多普勒组织成像检测二尖瓣环运动速度评价冠心病患者左心功能的临床研究

目的 应用多普勒组织成像技术（DTI）检测研究冠心病（CAD）患者左心功能。方法 用脉冲DTI检测45例CAD患者及35例健康对照组的二尖瓣环舒张期运动速度E峰、A峰、E／A比值；前后叶瓣环收缩期运动速度S1、S2。同时测量常规二尖瓣口流频谱E／A比值及左室射血分数EF。结果 与健康对照组相比，CAD组DTI检测的二尖瓣环E峰、A峰值减小，其E／A〈1；S1、S2减小，两者差异有显著性。而常规血流多普勒检查CAD组二尖瓣口血流频谱E／A比值，36％正常，左室EF仅13％异常。结论 DTI可无创早期定量地诊断CAD患者的心功能异常。     

多普勒超声心动图对高血压病患者左心功能的分析

目的运用多普勒超声心动图技术综合评价高血压病患者左心功能．方法高血压病组50例和对照组30例,多普勒超声心动图检测左房内径（LAD）,舒张期室间隔厚度（IVST）和左室后壁厚度（WPT）,二尖瓣EF斜率,室间隔及左室后壁运动幅度,左室射血分数（EF）,左室短轴缩短率（FS）,每搏量（SV）;脉冲多普勒（PW）检测二尖瓣口舒张早期充盈峰速度（VE）,舒张晚期充盈峰速度（VA）,E／A比值,等容舒张时间（IVRT）．结果高血压病患者左心结构各项参数（LAD、IVST、PWT）高于对照组（P〈0．05）;左室收缩功能（EF、FS、SV）高于对照组（P〈0．05）;左室舒张功能各参数异常,与对照组比较P〈0．01．结论多普勒超声心动图技术可反映高血压病患者左心功能变化,为临床诊治提供客观依据．     

多普勒组织二尖瓣环运动速度评价冠心病患者舒张功能

目的应用多普勒组织成像(DTI)技术检测二尖瓣环舒张期运动速度,以评估冠心病左室整体舒张功能。方法199例胸痛患者根据有无心肌梗死病史或冠状动脉造影结果分为冠心病组(106例)和对照组(93例),应用DTI技术测定室间隔及左室侧壁舒张早期及舒张晚期二尖瓣环运动峰值速度之比值(Ea/Aa),并与超声心动图常规指标二尖瓣E峰与A峰的比值(E/A)等作对照分析。结果冠心病组的左室射血分数(LVEF)为66.75±7.12,与对照组(66.39±6.48)的差异无显著性(P=0.7),两组间E/A值的差异有显著性(0.92±0.41比0.83±0.27,P=0.05),而冠心病组室间隔及左室侧壁Ea/Aa显著降低(0.68±0.24比0.62±0.17,P<0.05;0.85±0.36比0.76±0.25,P<0.05)。结论舒张功能障碍是检测心肌缺血的敏感指标,应用DTI技术检测二尖瓣环运动速度来评价左室舒张功能,可能较常规超声心动图更为准确。     

体外反搏对冠心病左心功能的作用

本文对经体外反搏治疗冠心病患者，用心导纳图测量其血液动力学情况，并取其与心功能，血管功能有关的７项指标作统计学分析，发现经体外反搏治疗后，患者心脏每搏输出量、心脏指数、射血分数显著增加；左室射血前时间／左室射血时间比值明显缩小，总外周阻力减少，平均动脉增高，表明冠心病患者体外反搏治疗后左心功能有不同程度的改善。     

体外反搏治疗冠心病护理效果观察

目的：探讨体外反搏治疗冠心病临床护理方法及效果。方法选取的冠心病行体外反搏治疗患者,观察组(n=87)行综合护理,对照组(n=87)行早期常规护理,观察2组患者焦虑心理、护理依从性及治疗效果。结果观察组焦虑评分为（35.91±3.67）分,显著高于对照组（47.46±4.32）分;观察组护理依从率为90.80%,显著高于对照组78.16%;观察组治疗总有效率为88.51%,显著高于对照组66.67%;2组患者以上数据差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论在冠心病行体外反搏治疗过程中,实施综合护理,开展健康教育,进行心理干预,能有效缓解患者不良情绪,提高依从性及治疗效果,值得推广。     

冠心病患者二尖瓣环运动频谱的研究

目的：用多普勒组织成像（DTI）技术研究冠心病患者二尖瓣瓣环运动频谱。方法：测量20例正常人和20例冠心病患者左室射血分数（LVEF）,二尖瓣口舒张期血流频谱E波、A波和二尖瓣环频谱Sa波、Ea波、Aa波的峰值速度。结果：DTI脉冲多普勒测定的二尖瓣环频谱呈规律波群,有收缩期Sa,舒张期Ea和Aa3个主波,冠心病组Sa波、Ea波峰值速度及Ea/Aa比值显著低于正常组。正常人95％Ea波起始早于血流E波,而70％冠心病患者Ea波晚于E波。结论：冠心病患者二尖瓣瓣环运动频谱与正常人的差异可反映其左室收缩和舒张功能之异常,提供瓣环机械动力障碍的信息。     

增强型体外反搏治疗不稳定性心绞痛150例临床观察

目的观察增强型体外反搏（EECP）治疗冠心病不稳定型心绞痛（UA）的临床疗效及不良反应。方法 150例UA患者随机分成对照组、治疗组各75例,两组患者均进行常规药物治疗;治疗组加用增强型体外反搏治疗,每日1次,每次1h,共治疗36h。观察两组患者治疗前后24h心绞痛发作的频率、持续时间及硝酸甘油用量,行24h动态心电图检查,计算心肌缺血总负荷（TIB）。结果两组患者心绞痛症状及心肌缺血总负荷均有所改善,体外反搏治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05））。结论增强型体外反搏治疗冠心病不稳定型心绞痛安全、有效。     

经冠脉自体骨髓单个核细胞移植对陈旧性心肌梗死疗效及安全性的观察

目的观察经冠脉自体骨髓单个核细胞（ABM-MNCs）移植对陈旧性心肌梗死（OMI）的疗效及安全性。方法采用前瞻性的单盲随机安慰剂对照的临床研究方法,从2004年7月-2006年3月,严格筛选出27例OMI（心肌梗死距此次手术的时间为1个月-5年）伴心功能不全的患者（年龄≤60岁）,随机分为实验组、对照组（各有2例女性患者）。实验组（13例）在支架置入时经冠脉在梗死相关血管（IRA）移植ABM-MNCs,对照组（14例）在支架置入时经冠脉在IRA注入等体积生理盐水。在术前及术后3、6个月时为患者做心脏超声检查,收集实验设计的数据。心肌梗死距此次手术的平均时间：实验组（18±23）个月,对照组（19±20）个月,P〉0.05。平均年龄：实验组（50±10）岁,对照组（50±8）岁,P〉0.05。结果3、6个月时反映心脏收缩功能的指标每搏量（SV）、左室短轴缩短率（FS）、左室射血分数（LVEF）、左室收缩末期内径（LVD s）及二尖瓣环水平六个位点S峰均值在实验组明显好于对照组（P〈0.05）;反映心脏舒张功能的指标左室舒张末期内径（LVDd）在6个月及六个位点E峰均值在3、6个月时,实验组明显好于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论经冠脉ABM-MNCs移植能有效改善OMI后心脏收缩及舒张功能,抑制心脏重构的发展。     

彩色多普勒超声检测冠心病患者左室舒张功能的应用价值

目的采用多普勒彩色超声检测冠心病患者左室舒张功能,并对其临床应用价值进行评价。方法选取68例冠心病患者和40例正常人进行心脏彩色多普勒超声检查,获得舒张期二尖瓣口血流频谱,分别测量舒张早期最大流速（E峰）和舒张晚期最大流速（A峰）,计算E/A比值,比较两组的E/A值。结果冠心病组中E/A〈1为58例,检出率为85.3%;与对照组比较冠心病组E/A比值明显下降（P〈0.05）。结论 E/A比值是多普勒超声的主要测量指标,可评价冠心病患者左室舒张功能。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.