造血干细胞移植治疗Wiskott-Aldrich综合征一例报告及文献复习

目的 Wiskott-Aldrich综合征(WAS)是一种原发性免疫缺陷性疾病,严重病例预后不良.采用人类白细胞抗原(HLA)全相合的同胞骨髓移植成功治疗1例,特此总结并进行文献复习.方法 采用流式细胞仪检测WAS蛋白(WASP)表达和基因分析确诊WAS.患儿姐姐为人类白细胞抗原全相合骨髓供者,所采集骨髓单个核细胞数为4.38×108/kg,CD34+细胞3.78×106/kg患儿体重.采用白消安/环磷酰胺全清髓的预处理方案,环孢菌素单用预防移植物抗宿主病.移植后检测WASP表达和短串联重复序列(STR)作为植入证据.结果 患儿诊断:WAS,WASP(-IVS9+2T>C,WASP阴性).白消安/环磷酰胺预处理后骨髓回输;移植13 d中性粒细胞(ANC)绝对值0.8×109/L,移植15 d起血小板>50×109/L,1个月后正常.移植50 d起患儿WASP表达阳性,STR显示为供者DNA完全嵌合;随访至移植后510 d,患儿健康,WASP稳定表达.结论 结合病例和文献复习,人类白细胞抗原相合同胞骨髓移植治疗典型WAS近期预后较好.     

儿童异基因造血干细胞移植后中枢神经系统淋巴增殖性疾病1例报告并文献复习

目的 探讨儿童异基因造血干细胞移植术(allo-HSCT)后中枢神经系统淋巴增殖性疾病(CNS-PTLD)的临床特点.方法 回顾分析1例行allo-HSCT患儿的临床资料,并复习相关文献.结果 患儿,13岁,男性,确诊为急性髓系白血病M 5型(TLS-ERG融合基因阳性),缓解化疗达完全缓解,TLS-ERG转为阴性,之...     

小儿EB病毒相关噬血细胞综合征3例报告及文献复习

EB病毒相关噬血细胞综合征 (EBV -AHS)是EB病毒感染诱发组织细胞异常增生并大量吞噬血细胞而引起的一系列临床综合征。其临床特点主要表现为高热、肝脾淋巴结肿大、全血细胞减少和肝功能异常 ,其显著的特征是骨髓涂片或组织中出现体积较大的噬血组织细胞 ,并吞噬血细胞。该文报告 3例并结合文献对本病的发病机制、临床表现、诊断及治疗进行复习。     

儿童EB病毒相关淋巴组织增殖性疾病临床分析

目的:分析儿童EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)相关淋巴组织增殖性疾病的临床特点,提高对该病的认识。方法:对浙江大学医学院附属第一医院2014年1月至2018年12月收治的确诊EBV相关淋巴组织增殖性疾病患儿的临床资料以及治疗进行回顾性总结。根据疾病病程和严重程度分为轻症组和重症组。采用 ...     

利妥昔单抗及EB病毒特异细胞毒T淋巴细胞治疗移植后淋巴细胞增殖性疾病1例并文献复习

目的了解移植后淋巴细胞增殖性疾病(PTLD)治疗新进展并报告1例应用利妥昔单抗(商品名美罗华)及EB病毒特异细胞毒T淋巴细胞(EBV-CTL)治疗PTLD的效果。方法对1例异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后合并PTLD的患儿进行分析,并复习相关文献。结果经应用美罗华及EBV-CTL治疗,患儿病情得以控制并治愈,未见治疗相关不良反应。结论美罗华及EBV-CTL对PTLD治疗效果明显,安全性较好,可提高PTLD的治愈率。     

急性EB病毒感染致冠状动脉扩张1例报告并文献复习

目的 提高EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)感染对冠状动脉损害的认识.方法 报告1例急性EBV感染致冠状动脉扩张的病例,并复习相关文献.结果 患儿,男,22个月,临床有发热、咽充血,外周血淋巴细胞增高,异淋>0.10,VCA-IgM阳性,外周血EBV-DNA定量升高,心彩超示左右冠状动脉扩张等表现,确诊为急性EBV感染伴冠状动脉扩张.应用静脉丙球、阿斯匹林等治疗3周后冠状动脉扩张改善.结论 急性EBV感染可致冠状动脉扩张,确诊冠状动脉损害后应给予静脉用丙种球蛋白和阿司匹林治疗,并定期随访.临床应加强认识,争取早期诊断、及时治疗,以改善预后.     

慢性活动性EB病毒感染3例报告并文献复习

目的 提高对儿童慢性活动性EB病毒(CAEBV)感染的认识.方法 回顾性分析3例确诊为CAE-BV感染患儿的临床、实验室特点、治疗反应及转归.结果 3例患儿临床表现和EB病毒学检查符合CAEBV感染的临床特征,3例中2例死亡(其中1例转为恶性淋巴瘤死亡),另1例失访.结论 CAEBV感染是一种罕见的并常致命的疾病,预后较差,对于CAEBV感染患儿应早期采取积极措施,进行免疫重建,彻底消除被病毒感染或克隆增殖的淋巴细胞.     

RAS基因相关自身免疫淋巴增殖性疾病1例并文献复习

目的 探讨RAS基因相关性自身免疫淋巴增殖性疾病(RALD)临床及免疫学特征。方法 对2015年7月就诊于重庆医科大学附属儿童医院风湿免疫科的1例RALD患儿临床资料及基因结果进行分析。复习RALD相关文献,总结RALD临床及免疫学特征。结果 患儿女,10岁,反复呼吸道感染、肝脾肿大9年余。查体肝、脾、淋巴结肿大,杵状指。白细胞波动于(2.39～12.02)×10⁹/L,血红蛋白88～130 g/L,血小板(25～93)×10⁹/L。IgG、IgA降低,T细胞、NK细胞降低。基因检测示KRAS基因体细胞水平杂合突变(c.37G>T,p.G13C)。予泼尼松、吗替麦考酚酯等治疗病情控制欠佳,后因自身免疫性血细胞减少、巨脾行脾切除术,术后血细胞减少明显改善。文献共检索到RALD病例39例,多学龄前期起病,临床特征主要为自身免疫性血细胞减少、淋巴增殖表现、高γ球蛋白血症、系统性红斑狼疮样表现,免疫抑制治疗有一定疗效,5例行脾切除术。结论 RALD患者以自身免疫性血细胞减少等上述表现为主要临床特征,基因分析有助于诊断此病。对于顽固性脾亢或常规治...     

EB病毒相关性噬血细胞综合征1例

患儿,女,2岁3个月,因发热1.5个月,面色苍白1个月,牙龈出血2次入院。1.5个月前患儿首次在我院查EBV—IgM( );骨髓报告为增生性贫血骨髓象,予对症处理,无效,近3周出现弛张热,面色苍白进行性加重,自动出院。1周前牙龈出血2次入我院。既往史、个人史、家族史无异常。查体:血压10.5/7.0kPa,神志模糊,面色苍黄,全身轻度水肿,     

Epstein-Barr virus-associated haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

A patient with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome who developed Epstein-Barr virus-associated haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) is described in this study. At 4 mo of age the patient developed fever associated with bicytopenia and splenomegaly. Analysis of a bone marrow specimen revealed extensive haemophagocytosis, and in situ hybridization for EBV of the bone marrow specimen using an EBV-encoded RNA probe was positive. Diagnosis of EBV-HLH was established and immunotherapy with HLH-94 protocol was started. HLH has been described in patients with other well-defined primary immunodeficiencies such as X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome, Chediak-Higashi syndrome and Griscelli disease. Also, HLH was reported recently in severe combined immunodeficiency and DiGeorge syndrome.

Conclusion: The possibility of an underlying primary immunodeficiency should be considered in paediatric patients who present with HLH during infancy.     

Epstein-Barr virus-associated Hodgkin''s disease in a patient with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a primary immunodeficiency syndrome in which the majority of malignant complications are non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We report here a Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome patient who developed Epstein-Barr virus-positive Hodgkin's disease in the bilateral pulmonary hilar lymph nodes. The treatment was successful as the patient achieved a complete response and event-free survival for more than 4 y. CONCLUSION: This case is very rare, but highly suggestive of the immune-mediated mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Epstein-Barr virus-associated Hodgkin's disease in an immunodeficiency patient.     

Epstein-Barr virus associated post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder with hemophagocytosis in a child with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

A 23-month-old boy with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) received human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-one locus mismatched, unmanipulated allogeneic bone marrow graft from his mother. An Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) of donor cell origin and hemophagocytosis syndrome with fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, seizures, involuntary movements and pancytopenia developed 52 days after transplantation. It was difficult to decide on the treatment strategy because the patient presented with B-cell hyperplasia that morphologically appeared malignant but was oligoclonal by heavy-chain analyses. Despite of donor leukocyte transfusion, low dose chemotherapy, and anti-B cell monoclonal antibody immunotherapy, the patient died 107 days after transplantation.     

Stable mixed chimerism after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a primary immunodeficiency disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, eczema, impaired cellular and humoral immunity, and increased susceptibility to malignancy and autoimmunity. The only curative treatment for WAS is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, especially in the presence of a matched sibling donor or matched unrelated donor. Here, we report the case of a 2.5-yr-old boy with WAS that resulted in mixed chimerism after having received bone marrow from his phenotypically identical grandfather. Although the patient has persistent thrombocytopenia (platelet counts 50-80 x 10(9)/L), he is currently alive and doing well at 36 months post-transplant and is free of any bleeding episodes.     

儿童脱屑性间质性肺炎1 例报告并文献复习

目的探讨儿童脱屑性间质性肺炎(DIP)的病因、临床特点、诊治及预后。方法回顾分析1例按临床-放射-病理(C-R-P)模式确诊的DIP患儿的临床资料,并以"desquamative interstitial pneumonia"与"child" 、"脱屑性间质性肺炎"与"儿童"为检索词,在PubMed、万方数据库检索截止至2019年7月的相关文献。结果 4岁男童,咳嗽1个月,伴气促,肺部中、细湿啰音,杵状指;肺CT示毛玻璃样影和网格影。患儿抗感染治疗临床无好转,行胸腔镜下右肺组织活检术,肺组织病理符合DIP。随之患儿采用激素治疗,随访44个月,症状消失、病灶基本吸收。文献检索到国内病例11例、国外病例42例,除外临床资料不完整者,最终筛选获得30例,加上本例患儿共31例,其中男14例、女13例,4例资料中未提及,年龄从新生儿～13岁。病因主要为先天性表面活性物质代谢缺陷,其他包括特发性、吸入二手烟、药物以及全身性疾病。临床表现主要为呼吸困难和干咳,肺部影像学以毛玻璃影为主,肺功能主要为限制性通气障碍。治疗主要采用糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂。结论儿童DIP较为少见,病因和发病机制与成人有显著差别,应尽早肺活检病理检查以确诊,激素和/或免疫抑制剂为一线治疗药物。     

EB病毒相关噬血细胞综合征并重症肝炎1例报告

目的探讨EB病毒相关噬血细胞综合征的临床与病理特征。方法回顾性分析1例EB病毒相关噬血细胞综合征并重症肝炎死亡病例的临床资料,复习相关文献。结果患儿1岁2个月,有发热、血细胞减少、纤维蛋白原、自然杀伤细胞下降、血清铁蛋白及三酰甘油升高;血涂片异常淋巴细胞占5%;EBV-DNA荧光定量检测1.39×108拷贝/ml;尸检结果提示死亡原因为多脏器功能衰竭;肝脏组织行EB病毒编码RNAs(EBERs)原位杂交检测,约30%淋巴细胞中EBERs阳性,肝细胞EBERs阴性。结论该例患儿确认EB病毒相关噬血细胞综合征,累及多器官,其中肝损伤并非EB病毒直接感染所致。     

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目的探讨造血干细胞移植治疗儿童EB病毒(EBV)相关T/NK细胞淋巴组织增殖性疾病(EBV-T/NK-LPD)的效果。方法海军总医院儿科2009-08-03收治1例EBV-T/NK-LPD患儿,年龄13岁6个月,经抗病毒药物、EB病毒特异性淋巴毒细胞(EBV-CTL)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)及化疗治疗无效,行HLA基因位点6/6全相合同胞外周血造血干细胞移植。预处理采用TBI/Cy+VP16方案:全身放射治疗(TBI)总剂量12Gy,分8次,术前8d至术前5d;环磷酰胺(CTX)60mg/(kg·d),术前3d至术前2d;依托泊苷(VP16)30mg/kg,术前4d。输入干细胞数量:单个核细胞(MNC)6.34×108/kg,CD34+细胞3.80×106/kg。移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)预防采用环孢菌素A+短程甲氨蝶呤(CsA+sMTX)。结果移植后造血恢复顺利,术后16d重建粒系造血,术后37d重建巨核系造血,术后60d后血象恢复正常。未出现严重感染、出血性膀胱炎、肝静脉闭塞症、间质性肺炎(IP)等并发症,未出现巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染。术后62d出现皮肤Ⅱ度GVHD。移植预处理前EBV-DNA1.2×105拷贝/mL,术后14dEBV-DNA转阴,造血重建后每周监测EBV-DNA持续阴性。移植后黄疸消失,肝功能恢复正常;复查颈部及腹部B超,未见颈部淋巴结肿大,肝脾未见异常,肝门及腹主动脉旁肿大淋巴结消失;肺CT扫描:未见肺门淋巴结肿大,纵隔无异常。移植后随访18个月,持续缓解。结论国内首例造血干细胞移植治疗EBV-T/NK-LPD,植入顺利,能持续缓解病情并可能治愈该病。