血清miRNA作为胃癌早期诊断标记物的初步研究

背景:已有研究发现部分血清miRNA与胃癌密切相关,但对早期胃癌的研究较少见。目的:探讨血清miR-1、miR-20a、miR-27a、miR-34a、miR-423-5p表达在胃癌尤其是早期胃癌诊断中的价值。方法:采用qRT-PCR法检测180例胃癌患者(包括149例进展期胃癌和31例早期胃癌)、49例癌前变化患者、57名健康对照者的血清miR-1、miR-20a、miR-27a、miR-34a、miR-423-5p表达。采用ROC曲线判断miRNA的诊断敏感性和特异性。结果:胃癌患者血清miR-1、miR-20a、miR-34a、miR-423-5p表达显著升高(P0.05),ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.894 9、0.814 8、0.644 8、0.589 7,四者联合的AUC为0.921 1,敏感性和特异性分别为85.8%和83.3%。早期胃癌中miR-1和miR-20a的表达明显升高(P0.05),AUC分别为0.813 8和0.774 2,两者联合的AUC为0.865 3,敏感性和特异性分别为80.5%和83.6%。进展期胃癌中miR-1的表达显著高于早期胃癌(P=0.012 1),且术后表达明显降低(P=0.018 5)。结论:miR-1、miR-20a、miR-34a、miR-423-5p可作为肿瘤标记物对胃癌进行诊断,miR-1、miR-20a可作为诊断早期胃癌的标记物。     

miR-122、miR-29b与丙型肝炎病毒相关肝细胞癌的研究

目的探讨miR-122、miR-29b在丙型肝炎病毒感染相关肝病的表达水平及诊断价值。方法入组2013年1月至2016年12月我院收治的丙型肝炎病毒感染相关肝病患者78例[26例慢性丙型肝炎(CHC)、26例肝硬化(LC)、26例肝细胞癌(HCC)]和25名健康志愿者,采用荧光定量PCR检测各组受试者血清miR-122、miR-29b表达水平。结果与对照组相比,丙型肝炎相关肝病(CHC,LC,HCC)组患者血清miR-122的表达水平均升高,HCC组显著高于对照组(P0.05);3组(CHC,LC,HCC)患者血清miR-29b的表达水平则下降,HCC组显著低于对照组(P0.05)。HCC组患者血清miR-122/miR-29b的表达水平均与甲胎蛋白(AFP),ALT正相关(P0.05);在区分HCC和健康人群时,miR-122曲线下面积(AUC)为0.766,miR-29b则为0.617,联合miRNAs与AFP联合检测HCC则提供了最高的诊断效能(AUC=1)。结论 mircroRNAs调控异常可能与HCC等许多肝病密切相关,microRNAs在区别HCC患者和健康人群时,诊断价值高,可与AFP联合检测,作为肝病诊断的标记物。     

血清甲胎蛋白联合维生素K缺乏或拮抗剂Ⅱ诱导蛋白在肝细胞癌病理诊断中的应用价值

目的评价血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)及维生素K缺乏或拮抗剂Ⅱ诱导蛋白(PIVKA-Ⅱ)在肝细胞癌(HCC)病理诊断中的价值。方法回顾性研究2016年5月-12月于北京佑安医院肿瘤微创介入中心行超声引导下肝穿刺活组织检查的肝恶性肿瘤患者134例,其中术后病理证实为HCC患者103例,非HCC患者31例,对其血清AFP和PIVKA-Ⅱ的检测结果进行统计分析。2组间比较采用两独立样本秩和检验(Mann Whitney U检验)。采用Spearman秩相关检验分析AFP及PIVKA-Ⅱ的相关性,采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析AFP及PIVKA-Ⅱ诊断HCC的效能,计算敏感度、特异度及ROC曲线下面积(AUC),AUC比较应用Z检验。结果 HCC组血清AFP和PIVKA-Ⅱ水平均明显高于非HCC组(P值均0.001);血清AFP诊断HCC的AUC为0.842,PIVKA-Ⅱ诊断HCC的AUC为0.863,二者联合诊断AUC为0.869,三者间差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.001)。血清AFP单独诊断HCC的敏感度为70.9%,特异度为90.3%;PIVKA-Ⅱ单独诊断HCC的敏感度为72.8%,特异度为77.4%。二者联合检测诊断HCC的敏感度为82.5%,特异度为77.4%。HCC患者血清AFP和PIVKA-Ⅱ表达存在相关性(r=0.207,P0.05)。结论在肝恶性肿瘤患者中,血清AFP及PIVKA-Ⅱ对HCC的鉴别诊断具有较高的临床价值。PIVKA-Ⅱ单项检测诊断HCC效能优于AFP,二者联合检测诊断HCC效能优于单项检测,血清AFP及PIVKA-Ⅱ检测能够为临床上拒绝行肝穿刺病理检查的肝肿瘤患者病理分型的初步推断提供依据,进而有益于后续规范治疗方案的选择及临床预后的评估。     

超声内镜弹性成像联合血清miR-101-3p,PTX3在胰腺占位性病变中的诊断价值研究

目的 探究超声内镜弹性成像联合血清微小RNA-101-3p(miR-101-3p),正五聚蛋白3(PTX3)在胰腺占位性病变中的诊断价值。方法 选取2020年1月至2023年5月于本院就诊的193例胰腺占位性病变患者为研究对象,对患者进行超声内镜弹性成像检查。qRT-PCR法测定患者血清miR-101-3p水平;酶联免疫吸附法检测血清PTX3水平。ROC曲线分析血清miR-101-3p、PTX3水平对胰腺占位性病变的诊断价值,采用四表格法分析超声内镜弹性成像联合血清miR-101-3p, PTX3在胰腺占位性病变中的诊断价值。结果 组织病理学诊断结果显示,193例胰腺占位性病变患者中胰腺癌患者121例和胰腺良性病变患者72例。胰腺癌患者血清miR-101-3p显著低于良性胰腺占位性病变患者,PTX3水平显著高于良性胰腺占位性病变患者(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果表明,血清miR-101-3p水平诊断胰腺占位性病变的AUC为0.782,敏感性为63.64%,特异性为86.11%;血清PTX3水平诊断胰腺占位性病变的AUC为0.705,敏感性为45.45%,特异性为87.50%。超...     

Logistic回归和ROC曲线分析血清玻连蛋白,ɑ-1-B糖蛋白,抗凝血酶Ⅲ,甲胎蛋白在肝细胞癌早期诊断中的价值

目的评估玻连蛋白(vitronectin,VTN),ɑ-1-B糖蛋白(alpha1 B glycoprotein,A1BG),抗凝血酶Ⅲ(antithrombin-Ⅲ,AT-Ⅲ),甲胎蛋白(alpha fetoprotein,AFP)对肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)的诊断价值,筛选最佳检测组合.方法利用ELISA方法检测160例HCC患者,70例慢性乙肝肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CH)患者,70例乙肝肝硬化(Liver cirrhosis,LC)患者和50例健康对照(health comparison,HC)人员的血清VTN,A1BG,AT-Ⅲ浓度,电化学发光方法检测AFP浓度,分别比较玻连蛋白(VTN),A1BG,AT-Ⅲ,AFP在HCC组,LC组,CH组,HC组中变化情况;应用ROC曲线分析血清AFP,HRG,A1BG和AT-Ⅲ单项及联合检测HCC的敏感度和特异度;并以肝病状态(HCC组,非HCC组)为应变量,血清AFP,A1BG和AT-Ⅲ测定结果为自变量,建立HCC诊断综合预测模型.结果血清AFP,VTN,A1BG和AT-Ⅲ水平在HCC组,LC组,CH组和HC组之间差异具有统计学意义(F=1498.93,51.68,84.00,115.34,P0.05).(1)HCC组和其他组相比,VTN水平差异无统计学意义(F=1.31),作为筛查指标相对效能较差;(2)单独检测时,AFP,HRG,A1BG和AT-Ⅲ曲线下面积(AUC)为0.878,0.579,0.712,0.801,VTN的AUC效能最低,无诊断价值,综合预测模型AUC为0.923,与AFP,A1BG和AT-Ⅲ比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);(3)AFP,A1BG和AT-Ⅲ单独诊断HCC的敏感性分别为70.00%,64.37%和61.25%,特异性分别为91.05%,74.74%和83.68%,AUC分别为0.878,0.712,0.801.综合预测模型的敏感性和特异性为85.00%和88.42%,AUC为0.923,与单独诊断比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05).其预测HCC概率P=1/[1+exp(0.152-0.035 AFP-0.006 A1BG+0.021 AT-Ⅲ)],且具有较好的诊断效能.结论 AFP,A1BG,AT-Ⅲ联合检测效果优于AFP单独检测,能够提高肝癌早期诊断率.     

肌肽二肽酶作为肝细胞癌诊断及预后评估潜在新型标志物的初步探讨

目的探索肌肽二肽酶(CNDP1)作为肝细胞癌(HCC)诊断和预后评估的潜在价值。方法通过基因芯片及GO分析筛选HCC诊断候选标志分子CNDP1。收集HCC癌组织125例, 癌旁组织85例, 肝硬化组织125例, 肝血管瘤远离部位相对正常肝组织32例, 以及66例HCC和82例非HCC患者血清样本。分别采用实时荧光定量PCR、免疫组织化学、蛋白质印迹法和酶联免疫吸附法检测HCC组织及血清CNDP1在mRNA和蛋白表达水平的差异;以受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线和Kaplan-Meier生存分析评估CNDP1在HCC患者诊断和预后中的价值。结果 CNDP1在HCC癌组织中的表达水平显著降低;在HCC患者癌组织和血清中CNDP1的水平均显著低于肝硬化患者及正常对照。ROC曲线分析显示血清CNDP1诊断HCC患者的曲线下面积为0.753 2(95%CI 0.676～0.830 5), 敏感度和特异度分别为78.79% 、62.50%。血清CNDP1与血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)联合检测能较显著提高诊断效能(AUC = 0.820 6, 95%CI 0.753 5～0.887 8)。血清CNDP1诊断A...     

循环microRNA对原发性肝癌诊断价值的初步研究

目的筛选原发性肝癌(primary liver cancer,PLC)相关的miRNA,并探索其对PLC的诊断价值。方法生物信息学方法发掘PLC异常表达的miRNA,结合miRNA靶基因预测及PLC相关高频突变基因,确定目的 miRNA;收集确诊PLC、肝硬化及非肝病对照患者血浆样本及临床资料,定量PCR检测上述目的 miRNA表达水平;以肝硬化为对照,选取有价值的miRNA进行PLC诊断试验,绘制ROC曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC)、灵敏度、特异度及约登指数(YI)等评价指标。结果筛选得到4种miRNA,分别为miR-10b-5p、miR-21-5p、miR-1258、miR-1269a。纳入确诊PLC 39例、肝硬化38例和无肝病对照者8例,检测上述miRNA血浆表达水平,结果显示,与肝硬化患者比较,PLC患者miR-10b-5p、miR-21-5p表达水平升高,差异有统计学意义(P=0. 028、0. 004);而miR-1258表达水平基本相同(P=0. 985),miR-1269a表达升高,但差异无统计学意义(P=0. 223)。miR-10b-5p、miR-21-5p和AFP诊断PLC的AUC为0. 651、0. 730、0. 731(P 0. 05),YI为0. 273、0. 458、0. 379;以上3个指标两两或三者进行平行诊断试验和系列诊断试验,可显著提高灵敏度或特异度; miR-10b-5p、miR-21-5p、miR-1258和AFP联合诊断PLC的AUC为0. 885(P 0. 001),YI为0. 639。结论生物信息学方法筛选目的 miRNA是简便、可靠的方法,但临床验证过程必不可少。单个miRNA诊断PLC准确性一般,多个miRNA联合或联合AFP可显著提高PLC诊断准确性,有望成为miRNA诊断PLC的主要方法。     

异常凝血酶原和甲胎蛋白检测在肝细胞癌中的诊断价值

目的:探讨异常凝血酶原(PIVKA-Ⅱ)和甲胎蛋白(AFP)的检测在肝细胞癌(HCC)中的诊断价值及意义。方法:收集2017年11月至2018年5月住院治疗的90例肝病患者,其中HCC患者30例(HCC组),慢加急性肝衰竭患者30例(慢加急性肝衰竭组),肝硬化患者30例(肝硬化组),比较3组患者血清AFP和PIVKA-Ⅱ的水平;应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评价血清AFP和PIVKA-Ⅱ在诊断HCC中的临床价值;采用Spearman相关分析研究AFP和PIVKA-Ⅱ的相关性。结果:HCC组患者血清中的AFP和PIVKA-Ⅱ水平均显著高于慢加急性肝衰竭组和肝硬化组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);ROC曲线分析结果显示,PIVKA-Ⅱ和AFP诊断HCC的曲线下面积分别为0.953和0.838;PIVKA-Ⅱ诊断HCC的敏感性(90.00%)和特异性(93.30%)均高于AFP的敏感性(70.00%)和特异性(91.70%);Spearman相关分析表明,在各组患者中PIVKA-Ⅱ与AFP之间均无显著相关性(P0.05)。结论:血清PIVKA-Ⅱ检测对HCC的诊断价值优于AFP,可作为HCC的血清标志物。     

胰腺癌患者血浆miR-155检测及其诊断价值

目的 检测胰腺癌患者血浆miR-155表达量,评价其对胰腺癌的诊断价值.方法 收集62例胰腺癌、61例慢性胰腺炎(CP)及36例正常对照者的血标本,抽提血浆RNA,应用实时PCR检测miR-155表达量,并分析其与胰腺癌临床参数的关系.应用接受者操作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)评价血浆miR-155表达量对胰腺癌的诊断价值.结果 胰腺癌、CP和正常对照组的血浆miR-155表达量分别为5.41±3.14、2.59±2.49和0.77±1.17,胰腺癌血浆miR-155表达量显著高于CP及正常对照组(P＜0.01).胰腺癌血浆miR-155表达量与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤大小等均无显著相关性,而与肿瘤TNM分期呈显著负相关(r=-0.323,P=0.01).经ROC分析,胰腺癌对正常对照组的AUC为0.943(95%CI0.902～0.985),敏感性和特异性分别为87.1%和83.3%;胰腺癌对CP的AUC为0.762(95%CI0.678～0.846),敏感性和特异性分别为64.5%和73.8%;胰腺癌对正常对照组+CP组的AUC为0.829(95%CI0.767～0.892),敏感性和特异性分别为62.9%和84.5%.结论 胰腺癌患者血浆miR-155表达量显著升高,对胰腺癌的诊断可能有一定的应用价值.     

降低AFP诊断阈值并联合检测DCP显著提高肝细胞癌的诊断率

目的评价甲胎蛋白(AFP)和脱-γ-羧基凝血酶原(DCP)联合检测对肝细胞癌(HCC)的诊断效能。方法选取临床诊断为HCC的患者75例和非HCC患者53例为研究对象,同时检测血清AFP和DCP浓度,分别绘制AFP、DCP和二者联合检测时的ROC曲线,计算最佳诊断阈值并评价其诊断效能。结果 AFP及DCP诊断HCC的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.789和0.882;当AFP诊断阈值降为22.6 ng/mL时,诊断效能最佳(灵敏度为66.7%、特异性为88.7%);DCP诊断HCC的最适阈值为39.0 mAU/mL,灵敏度为72.0%、特异性为94.3%;二者联合检测诊断HCC的灵敏度为77.3%、特异性为90.6%。结论 DCP对于HCC的鉴别诊断具有重要价值,降低AFP诊断阈值并联合DCP检测可显著提高对HCC的诊断率。     

Usefulness of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) as a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in hepatitis C virus related cirrhosis: analysis of the factors influencing AFP elevation without HCC development]

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is frequently used for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most available data concerning AFP came from studies of patients with chronic hepatitis B or mixed etiologies. Studies concerning the diagnostic value of AFP for HCV-related liver cirrhosis (LC) are limited. We evaluated the factors influencing AFP elevation in the absence of HCC and analyzed the diagnostic value of serum AFP in HCC surveillance of HCV-related LC patients. METHODS: We enrolled 55 patients of HCV-related LC with HCC and 62 patients without HCC as a case-control study were analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated and the clinical and biochemical factors influencing serum AFP levels. RESULTS: The sensitivities and specificities of serum AFP for the detection of HCC in HCV-related LC were 72.7% and 59.7% for AFP>or=20 ng/mL, and 47.3% and 92.5% for AFP>or=100 ng/mL, respectively. Elevated serum AST was independently associated with elevated serum AFP level in HCV-related LC. In cases of ASTor=100 ng/mL for the diagnosis of HCC was 100%. However, in case of AST>2 ULN, the specificity was 85.0% for AFP>or=100 ng/mL and 95.0% for AFP>or=200 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS: Serum AST levels influence serum AFP level in HCV-related LC. In cases of AST2 ULN.     

Diagnostic value of glypican-3 in serum and liver for primary hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic value of glypican-3(GPC3) in serum and liver for primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:Serum levels of GPC3 and α-fetoprotein(AFP) were measured in 75 patients with primary HCC and 32 patients with liver cirrhosis.Expression of GPC3 and AFP in 58 HCC and 12 cirrhotic specimens was detected with immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS:When the cut-off value of serum GPC3 was set at 300 ng/L,its sensitivity and specificity for HCC were 47.0% and 93.5%,respectively.Among the...     

Diagnostic value of AFP-L3 and PIVKA-Ⅱin hepatocellular carcinoma according to total-AFP

AIM:To evaluate diagnostic value ofα-fetoprotein (AFP)-L3 and prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-Ⅱ(PIVKA-Ⅱ)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS:One hundred and sixty-eight patients during routine HCC surveillance were included in this study.Of the 168 patients,90(53.6%)had HCC including newly developed HCC(n=82)or recurrent HCC after treatment(n=8).Sera were obtained during their first evaluation for HCC development and at the time of HCC diagnosis before commencing HCC treatment.HCC was diagnosed by histological examination,appropriate imaging characteristics-computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.Control sera were collected from 78 patients with benign liver disease(BLD),which were obtained during routine surveillance with a suspicion of HCC.AFP,AFP-L3 and PIVKA-Ⅱwere measured in the same serum by microchip capillary electrophoresis and liquid-phase binding assay on a micro-total analysis system Wako i30 auto analyzer.The performance characteristics of three tests and combined tests for the diagnosis of HCC were obtained using receiver operating characteristic curves in all populations and subgroups with AFP<20 ng/mL. RESULTS:Of 90 HCC patients,38(42.2%)patients had AFP<20 ng/mL,20(22.2%)patients had AFP 20-200 ng/mL and 32(35.6%)patients had AFP>200 ng/mL.Of the 78 BLD patients,74(94.9%)patients had AFP<20 ng/mL.After adjustment for age and HBV infection status,AFP-L3 levels were higher in HCC than in BLD among patients with low AFP levels(<20 ng/mL)(P<0.001).In a total of 168 patients,areas under the curve(AUC)for HCC were 0.879,0.887,0.801 and 0.939 for AFP,AFP-L3,PIVKA-Ⅱand the combined markers,respectively.The combined AUC for three markers showed higher value than the AUCs of individual marker(P<0.05).AFP-L3 had higher AUC value than PIVKA-Ⅱfor HCC detection in entire patients(P =0.043).With combination of AFP-L3(cut-off>5%) and PIVKA-Ⅱ(cut-off>40 AU/L),the sensitivity were 94.4%and specificity were 75.6%in all patients.In 112 patients with lo     

Performance of Serum Glypican 3 in Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A meta-analysis

Introduction and aim. Serum glypican-3 (GPC3) has been explored as a non-invasive biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, controversy remains on its diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and metaanalysis to evaluate the differential diagnostic accuracy of serum GPC3 between HCC and liver cirrhosis (LC) cases.Material and methods. After the strict filtering and screening of studies from NCBI, PUBMED, Clinical Trials, Cochrane library, Embase, Prospero and Web of Science databases, 11 studies were selected. All studies provided the sensitivity and specificity of GPC3 and the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the HCC and LC diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were determined and compared between GPC3 and AFP, which was set as a positive control.Results. Pooled sensitivity (95% CI) and specificity (95% CI) were 0.55 (0.52-0.58) and 0.58 (0.54-0.61) for GPC3, 0.54 (0.51-0.57) and 0.83 (0.80-0.85) for AFP, and 0.85 (0.81-0.89) and 0.79 (0.73-0.84) for GPC3 + AFP, respectively. The AUCs of GPC3, AFP and GPC3 + AfP were 0.7793, 0.7867 and 0.9366, respectively. GPC3 had a nearly similar sensitivity as AFP, while the specificity and AUC of GPC3 was lower than that of AFP. The combination of GPC3 and AFP yielded a better sensitivity and AUC than GPC3 or AFP.Conclusion. Serum GPC3 is inferior to AFP in the differential diagnosis between HCC and LC. However, the combination of GPC3 and AFP exhibited a much better performance.     

Serum insulin-like growth factor-II as a serologic marker of small hepatocellular carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is not a useful tumor marker for diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is over-expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II in HCC tissue. This study investigates the diagnostic application of IGF-II in small HCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Serum levels of IGF-II and AFP were determined in 41 patients with small cirrhotic HCC (< or = 3 cm), 41 sex- and age-matched patients with cirrhosis alone (LC), and 41 healthy adults. The optimal cut-off values for diagnosing HCC were determined with receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. RESULTS: Both IGF-II and AFP levels in HCC were higher than those in LC patients or controls (each p = 0.0001). The IGF-II levels in LC patients were lower than those in controls (p = 0.001). In HCC patients, multivariate analysis indicated that that both IGF-II (odds ratio, 4.54; 95% confidence interval, 2.15-9.55; p = 0.0001) and AFP (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.08; p = 0.003) were found to be associated with an increased risk of presence of HCC. The optimal cut-off values of IGF-II (4.1 mg/g prealbumin) and AFP (50 ng/ml) were determined with ROC curves. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy values for IGF-II were 63%, 90%, and 70%, respectively. Those for AFP were 44%, 95%, and 70%, respectively. Determination of both markers in parallel significantly increase the diagnostic accuracy (88%) and sensitivity (80%), with a high specificity (90%). CONCLUSIONS: Serum IGF-II level can be used as an independent serologic marker or a complementary tumor marker to AFP for diagnosis of small HCC.     

Annexin A2 as a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients

AIM To investigate the clinical utility of serum annexin A2(ANXA2) as a diagnostic marker for early hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS This study was performed in HCC Clinic of Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt and included: Group 1: Fifty patients with early stage HCC(Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A); Group 2: Twenty five patients with chronic liver disease; and Control Group: Fifteen healthy, age-and sex-matched subjects who were seronegative for viral hepatitis markers. The followinglaboratory investigations were done: Viral hepatitis markers [hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus(HCV) antibodies], HCV RNA in HCV antibody-positive patients, serum alpha fetoprotein(AFP), and serum ANXA2 levels.RESULTS In this study, 88% of HCC patients(n = 44) were HCVpositive, while HBV infection represented only 8% of all HCC patients(n = 4); and two patients were negative for both viral markers. A highly significant difference was found between patients with HCC and chronic liver disease as well as controls with regard to serum ANXA2 levels(130, IQR 15-240; 15, IQR 15-17; and 17, IQR 15-30 ng/m L, respectively). The area under the curve of ANXA2 was 0.865; the cut-off value was established to be 18 ng/mL with a diagnostic sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 88%, while the sensitivity and specificity of AFP at the cut-off value of 200 ng/dL were 20% and 100%, respectively.CONCLUSION Serum ANXA2 may serve as a biomarker for the early detection of HCC.     

血清寡糖链检测对HBV相关肝细胞癌的诊断价值

目的评价寡糖链检测(G-Test)试剂盒(荧光毛细管电泳法)辅助诊断HBV相关肝细胞癌(HCC)的临床价值。方法收集2017年8月-2018年6月就诊于北京佑安医院的患者血清样本310例,其中HBV相关HCC(HCC组)170例,乙型肝炎肝硬化(肝硬化组)50例,慢性乙型肝炎(肝炎组)85例,其他脏器恶性肿瘤(其他恶性肿瘤组)5例。检测血清寡糖链组分的相对浓度,计算并分析G-Test试剂盒在临床诊断中的灵敏度、特异度、总符合率和阳性预测值、阴性预测值,并与血清AFP进行方法学比较。非正态计量资料多组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验,进一步两两比较使用Dunn’s多重比较,计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。利用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)对诊断效能进行分析,利用logistic回归建立G-Test与AFP联合诊断模型,受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)的比较采用Z检验。结果HCC组患者G值[6.46(5.73~7.07)]明显高于肝炎组[3.38(2.85~4.18)]及肝硬化组[3.99(3.13~5.21)]患者(H值分别为107.9、104.2,P值均<0.001)。HCC组患者AFP的水平明显高于肝炎组患者[0.77(0.45~1.77)log10 ng/ml vs 0.58(0.41~0.89)log10 ng/ml,H=33.65,P=0.025]。G-Test的灵敏度83.53%,特异度为74.29%,总体符合率为79.36%,阳性预测值79.78%,阴性预测值78.79%。G-Test与AFP单独诊断的AUC分别为0.846与0.611,G-Test的AUC明显高于AFP(Z=5.795,P<0.001),G-Test联合AFP诊断的AUC为0.870,明显优于G-Test(Z=2.523,P=0.012)与AFP(Z=6.943,P<0.001)单独诊断效能。HCC早期与中晚期组间G-Test检出率均高于AFP>400 ng/ml检出率(χ2值分别为26.441、38.379,P值均<0.001)。AFP分别以<20、<200、<400 ng/ml为阴性临界值,G-Test在AFP阴性的HCC患者中检出率分别为86.24%、85.93%、85.31%。结论G-Test的灵敏度和特异度较好,具有辅助诊断HCC的临床应用价值,联合AFP诊断效能更好。     

Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic viral hepatitis in the United States of America

BACKGROUND: Measurement of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and abdominal ultrasound (US) examination are used for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic liver disease patients. However, the accuracy and usefulness of these tests in a clinical setting in the United States of America have not been clarified. METHODS: We conducted a 7-year prospective surveillance study by using both AFP and US to detect HCC in 602 patients with chronic viral hepatitis. Our main goal was to determine the optimal test for detection of early HCC. We also assessed the clinical outcome of HCC patients identified during this time period. RESULTS: Thirty-one cases of HCC were detected. Serum AFP levels were elevated in 74% of HCC patients, but was also high in 10% of patients who did not develop HCC. The positive predictive value for AFP to detect HCC was only 12% or less for all AFP cut-off values, and the maximum joint sensitivity and specificity as determined by receiver operator characteristic analysis was approximately 65 and 90%, respectively. Abdominal US identified all 31 cases of HCC. The positive predictive value for US examinations to detect HCC was 78%, while the sensitivity and specificity was 100 and 98%, respectively. After detection of HCC, 24 (77%) patients died within a mean of 16.7 +/- 19.4 months. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that US examination was more accurate in detecting HCC. Because of its poor predictive value and low sensitivity, serum AFP should not be used as the only test for screening and surveillance for HCC.