乳腺浸润性导管癌中Maspin、uPA的表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中Maspin蛋白和尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物（uPA）蛋白的表达及其临床意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学法检测60例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中Maspin、uPA蛋白的表达情况,并对其与乳腺癌临床病理特征的关系进行统计学分析。结果：乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中Maspin蛋白的阳性表达率为46．7％,uPA蛋白的阳性表达率为61．7％,Maspin、uPA蛋白的表达存在显著负相关,r=-0．362,P〈0．01。结论：乳腺癌的发生、浸润和转移可能和Maspin蛋白表达下调及uPA表达上调相关,Maspin表达的下调或缺失使得uPA对肿瘤细胞介导的纤溶酶原激活抑制作用丧失,uPA表达上调,成为促进乳腺癌细胞的侵袭和转移的途径之一。     

uPA和HIF-1α在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及其相关性

目的:探讨uPA和HIF-1α蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及其相关性.方法:应用免疫组织化学法检测52例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中uPA、HIF-1α蛋白表达.结果:乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中uPA蛋白阳性表达率为57.7%,HIF-1α蛋白阳性表达率为82.7%,uPA、HIF-1α蛋白表达之间存在显著正相关,r=0.498,P<0.01.结论:乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中存在uPA、HIF-1α的高表达,且两者之间的表达强度具有相关性.uPA蛋白可通过诱导HIF-1α蛋白的表达上调,成为促进乳腺癌侵袭、转移的途径之一.     

uPA和HIF-1α在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及其相关性

目的：探讨uPA和HIF-1α蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及其相关性。方法：应用免疫组织化学法检测52例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中uPA、HIF-1α蛋白表达。结果：乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中uPA蛋白阳性表达率为57.7%,HIF-1α蛋白阳性表达率为82.7%,uPA、HIF-1α蛋白表达之间存在显著正相关,r=0.498,P〈0.01。结论：乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中存在uPA、HIF-1α的高表达,且两者之间的表达强度具有相关性。uPA蛋白可通过诱导HIF-1α蛋白的表达上调,成为促进乳腺癌侵袭、转移的途径之一。     

Maspin蛋白在乳腺癌与癌旁组织中的表达及其意义

目的:探讨Maspin蛋白在乳腺癌与癌旁组织中的表达及其意义.方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测104例浸润性乳腺癌、26例癌旁原位癌成分、63例癌旁导管上皮增生性病变(不典型增生20例、单纯性增生43例)及10例正常乳腺组织中Maspin蛋白的表达情况,同时分析浸润性乳腺癌组织中Maspin蛋白表达与病理组织学分级、淋巴结转移及ER、PR、c-erbB-2、Cath-D、VEGF表达的关系.结果:正常乳腺上皮细胞Maspin蛋白阳性反应主要位于细胞核,所有正常乳腺上皮细胞核均呈高表达( ～ ,100%),乳腺上皮单纯性增生、不典型增生、原位癌和浸润性乳腺癌细胞核Maspin蛋白高表达率分别为76.7%、65.0%、69.2%,和49.0%.从正常乳腺上皮到癌旁不典型增生细胞核Maspin蛋白高表达率呈渐趋下降趋势,不典型增生与原位癌的表达无明显差异,浸润性乳腺癌表达最低,Logistic回归模型分析不同组织细胞核Maspin蛋白高表达间存在显著差异(P＜0.05);而单纯性增生、不典型增生、原位癌和浸润性乳腺癌细胞浆Maspin蛋白高表达率分别为51.2%、85.0%、69.2%和63.5%,正常乳腺上皮未见细胞浆表达.不同组织Maspin蛋白的细胞浆表达同样有显著差异(P＜0.01),其中癌旁不典型增生较乳腺癌有更高的细胞浆表达.进一步研究发现浸润性乳腺癌细胞核Maspin蛋白表达与乳腺癌病理组织学分级及c-erbB-2表达呈负相关,与ER水平呈正相关;而与PR、Cath-D、VEGF的表达和淋巴结转移无明显相关.乳腺癌细胞浆Maspin蛋白与病理组织学分级、淋巴结转移及各项生物学因素无关.结论:细胞核Maspin蛋白绝大多数高表达于癌旁单纯性增生及正常乳腺上皮,细胞浆Maspin蛋白的高表达多出现在乳腺癌的早期及癌旁不典型增生,推测Maspin基因在乳腺癌的发生、发展中可能起一定的作用.     

Maspin蛋白及uPA在结肠癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨结肠癌组织中Maspin蛋白,尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(uPA)的表达及其与肿瘤侵袭性的关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学方法检测50例结肠癌和24例癌旁正常组织中Maspin蛋白,uPA的表达,并对其与结肠癌临床病理分期的关系进行统计学分析.结果 在正常结肠黏膜、结肠腺瘤和结肠癌组织中.Maspin表达的阳性率逐渐下降,而uPA表达的阳性率逐渐上升.Maspin蛋白和uPA在结肠癌组织中的表达均与浸润深度、淋巴结转移、Dukes分期有关,两者在结肠癌组织中的表达呈负相关.结论 结肠癌的发生、浸润和转移可能和Maspin蛋白表达下调及uPA表达上调密切相关,它们可能成为肿瘤治疗的新靶点,联合检测可作为一组有效的结肠癌肿瘤标记和判断预后的指标.     

乳腺癌组织uPA和PAI-1表达与临床病理因素相关性的探讨

目的:探讨尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(uPA)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子-1(PAI-1)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义.方法:免疫组化SP法检测乳腺癌组织及良性乳腺疾病组织中uPA、PAI-1的表达,结合临床病理因素、骨髓微转移状况及随访结果对数据进行统计处理.结果:50例乳腺癌患者癌组织中uPA、PAI-1表达阳性率分别为92.0%和82.0%.与良性乳腺疾病相比,癌组织中两者表达增强,P值均为0.001.癌组织中uPA、PAI-1表达随肿瘤的增大而增高;淋巴结转移阳性者表达强度高;临床分期晚者表达强度高;组织学分级高者表达强度高.ER、PR表达阴性组uPA、PAI-1表达强度较阳性组高,P值均<0.05;c-erbB-2蛋白过表达组uPA、PAI-1表达强度高,P值分别为0.021和0.014; uPA、PAI-1表达强度高者易发生骨髓微转移,且易发生远处转移.uPA与PAI-1的表达呈正相关,r=0.664, P=0.000.结论:乳腺癌组织uPA、PAI-1高表达者发生骨髓微转移及远处转移机会高、预后差,uPA、PAI-1检测可以作为判断乳腺癌预后的指标之一.uPA与PAI-1两者之间存在协同作用.     

乳腺浸润性导管癌中COX-2、MMP-2的表达及其相关性

目的 探讨COX-2和MMP-2蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及其相关性.方法 应用免疫组织化学法检测52例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中COX-2、MMP-2蛋白的表达情况.结果 乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中COX-2蛋白的阳性表达率为57.7%,MMP-2蛋白的阳性表达率为82.7%,COX-2、MMP-2蛋白的表达之间存在显著正相关,γ=0.498,P＜0.01.结论 乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中存在COX-2、MMP-2的高表达,且两者表达间具有相关性.COX-2蛋白可通过诱导MMP-2蛋白的表达上调,增强乳腺癌细胞的侵袭力,从而成为其促进乳腺癌浸润、转移的途径之一.     

乳腺浸润性导管癌中COX-2、MMP-9的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨COX-2和MMP-9蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及其相关性.方法:应用免疫组织化学法检测52例乳腺癌组织COX-2和MMP-9蛋白的表达.结果:乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中COX-2阳性表达率为76.9%(40/52),MMP-9阳性表达率为82.7%(43/52),COX-2阳性表达与患者的年龄、肿瘤大小、雌孕激素受体无明显相关性(P＞0.05),而与淋巴结转移、TNM分期、组织学分级有关(P＜0.05);MMP-9阳性表达与患者的年龄、雌孕激素受体无明显相关性(P＞0.05),而与肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、组织学分级有关(P＜0.05);乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中COX-2、MMP-9蛋白的表达之间存在显著正相关(r=0.448,P＜0.01).结论:乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中COX-2、MMP-9蛋白高表达,且两者具相关性.COX-2蛋白可通过诱导MMP-9蛋白的表达上调,增加乳腺癌细胞的侵袭力,促进乳腺癌浸润、转移.     

Maspin和MMP-2在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨Maspin和MMP-2在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及意义。方法应用免疫组织化学SP法检测60例乳腺浸润性导管癌及20例正常乳腺组织中Maspin和MMP-2的表达。结果Maspin在乳腺浸润性导管癌中表达阳性率为45.0%,低于在正常乳腺组织中的表达阳性率95.0%(P<0.05);MMP-2在乳腺浸润性导管癌中表达阳性率为75.0%,高于在正常乳腺组织中的表达阳性率15.0%(P<0.05)。Maspin和MMP-2的表达均与乳腺浸润性导管癌的淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05),MMP-2的表达还与乳腺浸润性导管癌临床分期相关(P<0.05)。乳腺浸润性导管癌中Maspin与MMP-2的表达呈负相关(r=-0.11,P<0.05)。结论 Maspin对乳腺浸润性导管癌的转移有抑制作用,MMP-2对乳腺浸润性导管癌的转移有促进作用,检测Maspin和MMP-2的表达可以成为判断乳腺浸润性导管癌浸润及转移能力的重要指标之一。     

乳腺癌组织中eIF4E蛋白表达及其意义

目的 探讨eIF4E蛋白在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其意义.方法 采用免疫组化S-P法检测30例乳腺纤维腺瘤组织、54例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的eIF4E蛋白表达情况,并分析其与淋巴结转移的关系.结果 乳腺纤维腺瘤组织及浸润性导管癌组织中eIF4E蛋白的阳性表达率分别为46.67%(14/30)和88.89%(48/54),比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).乳腺浸润性导管癌中,有淋巴结转移者eIF4E蛋白的阳性表达率为100.00%(33/33),无淋巴结转移者其阳性表达率为71.43%(15/21),比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 eIF4E蛋白的异常表达与乳腺浸润性导管癌的发生、发展及转移有关.     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.     

Morphine and tumor growth and metastasis

Morphine is an analgesic widely used to alleviate cancer pain. In addition, the perioperative management of pain in cancer surgery patients most often includes opioids. However, there are reports that these drugs may alter cancer recurrence or metastasis. Several mechanisms have been proposed, such as the modulation of the immune response or cellular pathways that control the survival and migratory behavior of cancer cells. The published literature, however, presents some discrepancies, with reports suggesting that opioids may either promote or prevent the spread of cancer. It is of great importance to determine whether opioids, in particular the most widely used, morphine, may increase the risk of metastasis when used in cancer surgery. This review examines the available data on the effects of morphine which influence cancer metastasis or recurrence, including immunomodulation, tumor cell aggressiveness, and angiogenesis, with special emphasis on recently published clinical and laboratory based studies. We further discuss the parameters that may explain the difference between reports on the effects of morphine on cancer.     

肾上腺素能β受体与肿瘤生长及转移

大量研究表明肿瘤细胞可表达β受体，而一些神经递质、药物和社会心理因素可能通过β受体影响肿瘤的生长和转移，β受体激动剂、β受体阻滞剂以及抑郁等社会心理因素可加强或削弱这种作用。这为表达β受体肿瘤的治疗开辟了新的道路，提供了新的治疗靶点。