多柔比星聚合物胶束制备、表征及其体外释药研究

目的 制各多柔比星的soluplus聚合物胶束,并对其进行体外评价.方法 采用薄膜分散法-pH诱导法相结合制备多柔比星聚合物胶束;采用粒径测定仪、透射电镜、X-射线衍射(XRD)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)及红外光谱(FTIR)对其进行表征;采用HPLC法测定胶束的包封率和载药量;采用动态膜透析法考察载药胶束的体外释药特性.结果 本研究制备的胶束呈球形或类球形,平均粒径为(67.57±2.9)nm,平均包封率为(77.81±4.03)％,平均载药量(10.15±1.56)％;XRD和DSC结果表明多柔比星以无定型状态或分子状态包载在聚合物胶束中;FTIR结果表明多柔比星分子中羟基和聚合物的羰基之间形成了氢键;体外释放结果表明多柔比星的soluplus聚合物胶束具有缓释作用.结论 该胶束制备工艺简单,其粒径、包封率、载药量可控,具有缓释作用.     

姜黄素聚合物胶束的制备及抗肿瘤活性评价

目的:制备姜黄素的维生素E聚乙二醇琥珀酸酯(TPGS)聚合物胶束,从而改善姜黄素的水溶性和抗肿瘤活性。方法:以TPGS为载体材料,采用薄膜水化法制备姜黄素胶束;以包封率和粒径为指标,考察水化温度、水化时间、药载比和水化体积的影响;以包封率、粒径、载药量为指标,经四因素三水平正交试验,确定姜黄素/TPGS胶束的最佳制备工艺;考察姜黄素/TPGS胶束的体外释放度;利用MTT法测试姜黄素/TPGS的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果:姜黄素/TPGS胶束的最佳药载比为1∶40,水化温度为60℃,水化时间为30 min,水化体积为6 mL;所得胶束平均粒径为11.02 nm, Zeta电位为-11.31,载药量为2.65%,包封率为96.20%;姜黄素/TPGS 48 h体外累积释放率为78%,具有一定的缓释性;MTT法表明,姜黄素/TPGS具有良好的抗肿瘤活性。结论:该文采用薄膜水化法制备了一种稳定的姜黄素/TPGS胶束,改善了姜黄素的水溶性,明显提高了其抗肿瘤效果。     

叶酸修饰多柔比星聚合物胶束的制备及体外抗肿瘤活性评价

合成了叶酸-聚乙二醇-二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(Folate-PEG-DSPE),并用其作为靶向肿瘤的功能性材料,以甲氧基聚乙二醇-二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(MPEG-DSPE)作为骨架材料,采用成膜水化法制备载多柔比星(1)胶束。所得胶束呈球状结构,粒径为(20±5)nm,叶酸修饰和非叶酸修饰胶束的包封率和载药量分别为(78.8±1.52)%、(79.2±147)%和(1 3.6±1.26)%、(1 3.9±1.19)%。流式细胞结果显示,分别给予游离罗丹明B(Rh B)、叶酸修饰和非叶酸修饰的载RhB胶束,摄取荧光的巨噬细胞分别占细胞总数的36.6%、1.5%和4.4%,说明聚合物胶束可显著减弱巨噬细胞的吞噬作用。体外抗KB人口腔上皮癌细胞活性的试验结果显示,1、叶酸修饰和非叶酸修饰胶束的IC_(50)分别为29 7、0.61和4.12μmol/L,表明叶酸修饰的聚合物胶束能显著提高1的抗肿瘤活性。     

瑞德西韦聚合物纳米胶束的制备及表征

目的 改良瑞德西韦现有剂型,构建瑞德西韦聚合物纳米胶束,并对其体外特性进行表征.方法 采用生物可降解材料甲氧基聚乙二醇-b-聚D,L-丙交酯(mPEG-b-PDLLA),并用固体分散法制备瑞德西韦聚合物胶束.利用透射电子显微镜与马尔文激光粒度测定仪分析胶束的形态与粒径,用X射线单晶体衍射仪定性测试胶束包裹效果,并通过高...     

姜黄素纳米胶束的制备及体外抗肿瘤作用研究

目的 制备姜黄素(Cur)/甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚己内酯(MP)载药纳米胶束,并研究其体外抗肿瘤作用。方法 采用薄膜分散法制备Cur/MP纳米胶束,筛选不同药材质量比优化处方,在扫描电镜下观察载药纳米胶束的形态;采用CCK-8法考察Cur、Cur/MP胶束对人非小细胞肺癌A549细胞的抑制率;以香豆素6为荧光探针考察细胞对胶束的摄取行为。结果 按最优处方制备3批胶束的平均粒径为35.71±0.2 nm,平均电位为-16.8±0.2 mV,平均包封率为97.52%±1.00%,平均载药量5.25%±0.80%;Cur/MP胶束在72 h内释放度最大可达74.16%,释放缓慢,无突释现象,遵循一级动力学方程;与Cur溶液比较,Cur/MP纳米胶束对A549细胞的抑制作用增强;荧光显微镜下可观察到,随着时间的延长,细胞对药物的摄取增加。结论 Cur/MP胶束制备工艺简单,可增强药物对A549细胞的抑制作用;聚合物纳米胶束的pH敏感性有利于其在体内肿瘤组织中的蓄积及肿瘤细胞内的摄取。     

Her-2环肽修饰的多糖聚合物胶束的制备及体外评价

目的 合成Her-2环肽修饰的Heparosan多糖聚合物,制备阿霉素(doxorubicin,DOX)靶向聚合物胶束,并对其体外理化性质和靶向性进行评价.方法 通过酰胺反应将Her-2环肽连接到Hep-arosan 多糖-胱氨-维生素E琥珀酸酿(heparosan-cystamine-vitamin E succin...     

叶酸介导肿瘤细胞靶向紫杉醇聚合物胶束的制备与表征

以叶酸-聚乙二醇-二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(FA-PEG 3350-DSPE)和甲氧基聚乙二醇-二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(mPEG 2000-DSPE)(摩尔比1:100)作为混合载体材料,采用固体分散-水化法,制备包载紫杉醇(1)的聚合物胶束,以星点设计-效应面法进行处方优化,并考察了聚合物胶束的理化性质、体外抑制肿瘤细胞生长效果及对巨噬细胞摄取的影响.结果表明,优化所得胶束的包封率为81%、载药量为2.7%、平均粒径为12～16 nm,可持续释放24 h;制品可有效提高1体外抑制肿瘤细胞生长的效果,加入1%的FA-PEG 3350-DSPE可略减弱mPEG 2000-DSPE规避巨噬细胞吞噬的效果.     

阿霉素共聚物胶束的制备及体外性质研究

目的制备阿霉素共聚物胶束并研究其体外性质。方法采用开环聚合法合成聚乙二醇单甲醚-聚乳酸羟基乙酸（mPEG—PLGA）嵌段共聚物;用透析法、溶剂蒸发法制备空白及载阿霉素胶束;动态光散射仪（DLS）测定其粒径分布;采用紫外分光光度法测定胶束的包封率和载药量。通过体外释药实验研究了载阿霉素胶束的释药特性。结果采用透析法制备载阿霉素胶束大小均匀,平均粒径为（91．1±15．8）nm;药物胶束的包封率为85．2％,载药量为10．4％;与市售阿霉素注射剂相比,载阿霉素胶束具有良好的缓释性能。结论共聚物胶束可作为疏水性药物阿霉素的载体。     

白藜芦醇胶束的制备及初步质量评价

摘要：目的:制备白藜芦醇聚合物胶束（RES-M）并对其进行初步的质量评价。方法:采用薄膜分散法,以普朗尼克F127（pluronic F127）作为载体材料,制备RES-M;以包封率和载药量为指标,通过单因素考察对RES-M的处方及工艺进行优化,并对最优处方制剂进行质量评价。结果:最优处方为pluronic F127与RES投料量比例为8∶1,旋蒸温度为45℃,旋蒸时间为25 min,水化介质为超纯水,水化体积为10 ml。最优处方的RES-M粒径为21.79 nm,多分散系数（PDI）为0.049,Zeta电位为-6.26 mV,包封率为（99.96±0.57）%,载药量为（10.67±0.37）%;RES-M的抗氧化能力与RES本身相当。结论:本试验成功制备RES-M,制备工艺简单,包封率与载药量均较高,为白藜芦醇制剂的研发提供了一定的理论基础。     

姜黄素脂质体的制备及体外透皮研究

采用乙醇注入法制备了姜黄素脂质体.采用透皮扩散试验仪进行体外透皮试验,比较姜黄素的溶液(含0.5％吐温-80)及其脂质体经小鼠离体皮肤的累积渗透量及皮肤滞留量.结果表明,12h时姜黄素脂质体的皮肤累积透过量和滞留量分别为姜黄素吐温-80溶液的2.11和3.05倍.脂质体作为姜黄素的透皮给药载体能促进姜黄素的透皮吸收,并能增加其在皮肤中的滞留量.     

Antioxidant response and biocompatibility of curcumin-loaded triblock copolymeric micelles

To evaluate the safety profile of cationic micelles, based on triblock copolymer poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)–poly(e-caprolactone)–poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA₉– PCL₇₀–PDMAEMA₉), the effects of empty (PM) and curcumin loaded micelles (PM-Curc) on nonenzyme induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) in vitro, hemolytic activity and morphological changes in some organs after repeated intraperitoneal administration in vivo were studied. To induce LPO, rat liver microsomes were incubated with a solution of iron sulfate and ascorbinic acid (Fe²⁺/AA). The effect of empty PM (40 and 100?μg/ml), PM-Curc and free curcumin (both at 3.48 and 8.7?μg curcumin/ml) was assessed at 20?min incubation time. In the non-enzyme induced LPO model, the investigated substances at all concentrations significantly decreased the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA), compared to the Fe²⁺/AA induced LPO group. According to the results it can be concluded that curcumin alone and loaded in PM, exert significant antioxidant activity. In the biocompatibility safety studies, the mean hemolytic index for polymeric carrier was less than 2%, indicating it was non-hemolytic. The general appearance of the organ tissues from Wistar rats, treated in vivo with curcumin loaded PM was similar to that of controls, thus showing no apparent toxicity after repeated 14-days treatment.     

聚合胶束载药多柔比星的研究进展

多柔比星（阿霉素，adriamycin）是临床上广泛使用的抗癌药，但其对正常组织的毒性和固有的多药耐药性是急需解决的问题。聚合胶束作为抗癌药的载体具有靶向作用，可减少毒副作用，提高抗癌药物的化疗指数。现对国外聚合胶束载药阿霉素的制备、理化性质、体外释放、生物学分布、抗肿瘤活性及靶向性进行综述。     

Preparation and characterization of intestinal transporter-targeted polymeric micelles

The intestinal epithelium is the main barrier to the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. Based on the specific transporters expressed on the apical membrane of the intestinal epithelium, novel polymer micelles targeting to the organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2) were constructed by combining carnitine conjugated poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-poly(D,L-lactide) (Car-PEOz-PLA) with monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide) (mPEG-PLA). The structure of the synthesized Car-PEOz-PLA was confirmed by ¹H NMR, TLC and ammonium reineckate precipitation reaction, and the number-average molecular weight determined by GPC was 7260 g/mol with a low PDI of 1.44. Coumarin 6-loaded carnitine modified polymeric micelles prepared by film hydration method were characterized to have a nano-scaled size of about 31 nm in diameter, uniform spherical morphology, high drug loading content of 0.098%±0.03% and encapsulation efficiency of 92.67%±2.80%. Moreover, the carnitine-modified micelles exhibited the similar in vitro release behavior in SGF and SIF, and evidently enhanced intestinal absorption of poorly water-soluble agent. Therefore, the designed OCTN2-targeted micelles might have a promising potential for oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs.     

Preparation and evaluation of inhalable itraconazole chitosan based polymeric micelles

Background

This study evaluated the potential of chitosan based polymeric micelles as a nanocarrier system for pulmonary delivery of itraconazole (ITRA).

Methods

Hydrophobically modified chitosan were synthesized by conjugation of stearic acid to the hydrophilic depolymerized chitosan. FTIR and ¹HNMR were used to prove the chemical structure and physical properties of the depolymerized and the stearic acid grafted chitosan. ITRA was entrapped into the micelles and physicochemical properties of the micelles were investigated. Fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic laser light scattering and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the physicochemical properties of the prepared micelles. The in vitro pulmonary profile of polymeric micelles was studied by an air-jet nebulizer connected to a twin stage impinger.

Results

The polymeric micelles prepared in this study could entrap up to 43.2±2.27 μg of ITRA per milliliter. All micelles showed mean diameter between 120–200 nm. The critical micelle concentration of the stearic acid grafted chitosan was found to be 1.58×10^-2 mg/ml. The nebulization efficiency was up to 89% and the fine particle fraction (FPF) varied from 38% to 47%. The micelles had enough stability to remain encapsulation of the drug during nebulization process.

Conclusions

In vitro data showed that stearic acid grafted chitosan based polymeric micelles has a potential to be used as nanocarriers for delivery of itraconazole through inhalation.     

PEG-I-dC16酸敏释药胶束的制备及体外释放研究

目的:构建酸敏释药胶束并考查其酸敏释药特性。方法:用亚胺键连接PEG和苯棕榈酸脂肪链,用透析法制备载阿霉素胶束,对其粒径,载药量和包封率进行考察,用紫外分光光度法测定载药胶束在不同pH值条件下的释放。结果:载药胶束粒径为60~70 nm,PEG相对分子质量为2000 Da的胶束载药量和包封率分别为(12.7±1.1)%和(49.8±2.2)%,PEG相对分子质量为5000 Da的胶束载药量和包封率分别为(10.7±0.3)%和(39.9±2.1)%。体外释放研究表明酸敏释药胶束在pH 6.5时的累积释放率比pH 7.4时大,但在pH 5.0条件下其累积释放较pH 7.4时还要小,可能原因是胶束解聚太快致药物与材料形成复合物沉淀所致。结论:以酸敏感亚胺键连接的两亲材料载药胶束具有一定的酸敏释药特性。     

Preparation and characterization of dual pH-sensitive polymer-doxorubicin conjugate micelles

In the present study, we designed and fabricated pH-sensitive polymeric micelles based on the conjugate of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-poly(D,L-lactide) (PEOz-PLA) with doxorubicin (PEOz-PLA-imi-DOX) to efficiently inhibit tumor cell growth. Hence, PEOz-PLA-imi-DOX was successfully synthesized by connecting DOX to the hydrophobic end of pH-sensitive PEOz-PLAvia acid cleavable benzoic imine linker and characterized by ¹H NMR spectrum and thin layer chromatography. The critical micelle concentration of PEOz-PLA-imi-DOX was determined to be (14.84±3.85) mg/L. The conjugate micelles (denoted as PP-DOX-PM) formed by PEOz-PLA-imi-DOX using film-hydration method were characterized to have a nano-scaled size of about 21 nm in diameter, and the drug loading content was 1.67%. PP-DOX-PM showed pH-dependent drug release behavior with gradually accelerated release of DOX with decrease of pH value, illustrating the micelles’ distinguishing feature of endo/lysosomal pH from physiological pH by accelerating drug release. As anticipated, PP-DOX-PM maintained the cytotoxicity of DOX against MDA-MB-231 cells. Collectively, PP-DOX-PM might have great potential for effective suppression of tumor growth.     

聚合物载药胶束的制剂学性质考察

目的以硝苯地平为模型药物,考察自制两亲性聚合物胶束的制剂学性质。方法通过透射电镜和动态光散射法考察了胶束的外观、粒径,采用透析法考察体外释放。结果胶束溶液为澄清透明液体,粒径20⁶0 nm,呈圆整球形,药物的释放与聚合物的组成有关。结论胶束粒径分布均匀,聚合物的种类一定时,疏水链越长,聚合物胶束药物释放越慢。     

聚合物胶束口服吸收机制的研究进展

目的对聚合物胶束作为口服给药载体的研究方法和吸收机制进行综述。方法参考近年来国内外文献共19篇,总结有关聚合物胶束作为口服给药载体的研究,对其中涉及到的口服吸收机制做以分类和总结。结果目前在聚合物的口服吸收常用的研究方法有Caco-2细胞模型、小肠翻转模型和动物模型,共同作为研究聚合物口服吸收机制的手段。聚合物胶束作为药物载体口服的吸收机制分为:a.通过抑制P-糖蛋白增加吸收;b.以胞饮形式吸收;c.经被动扩散;d.与胆汗相关的吸收。结论对聚合物胶束作为口服给药载体的研究方法和吸收机制进行了报道,为聚合物口服研究提供了参考。