Oftalmomiasis externa por Dermatobia hominis. A propósito de un caso

Clinical case

A 46-year-old woman with no relevant medical history, native of Honduras and resident in Spain for one and a half months. The patient went to the Emergency Department due to inflammation of the upper eyelid of the right eye, with an area that simulated an abscess. This was drained (obtaining hardly any purulent content). Treatment was prescribed with oral and topical antibiotics, as well as an anti-inflammatory drug. One week later the patient returned, with improvement of the inflammatory signs, but with discomfort and corneal erosions. After eversion of the upper eyelid, a «worm» type parasite emerged from the tarsus. The extraction was completed with a clamp, and was later identified as Dermatobia hominis (Dh) by examination of a fresh specimen. The subsequent outcome of the patient was favourable.

Escotoma juncional. A propósito de un caso

The case concerns a 55 year-old female patient with progressive visual decrease in her right eye that showed a junctional scotoma in the visual field study. A magnetic resonance scan was performed, which showed a right middle cerebral artery aneurysm with ipsolateral chiasmatic involvement.     

Enfermedad de Mikulicz. A propósito de un caso

Case reportWe report the case of a 48 year-old male with bilateral involvement of the salivary and lacrimal glands, which was diagnosed as Mikulicz's disease by incisional biopsy of the affected lacrimal glands, which was completely resolved after corticosteroid treatment.DiscussionSclerosing sialadenitis and/or dacryoadenitis are chronic inflammatory diseases that are currently classified into IgG₄-related diseases. Specifically, Mikulicz's disease is defined by a persistent and symmetrical swelling of the lacrimal and salivary glands together with elevated serum concentration of IgG₄ and tissue infiltration by IgG₄ (+) plasma cells.     

Microhemangiomas iridianos: a propósito de un caso

Case reportA 74 year-old woman present with blurry vision of 12 hour duration in her right eye, and with no other symptoms. Biomicroscopic examination revealed a 3 mm hyphaema in her right eye and multiple nodular structures in the pupillary margin of both eyes.DiscussionIris tufts are vascular anomalies unrelated to ischaemia that must be included in the differential diagnosis of spontaneous hyphaema.     

¿Melanoma o glaucoma? A propósito de un caso

Case report

The case is presented of a patient referred to us with suspicion of a ciliary body melanoma due to a pigmented lesion in iris root of left eye, associated with high intraocular pressure, despite maximal topical and systemic medication. The systematic workup revealed unilateral changes in the corneal endothelium, compatible with an iridocorneal syndrome. An Ahmed^® valve was inserted, achieving sustained control of intraocular pressure and visual field defects.

Nevus melanocítico atípico limbar. A propósito de un caso

Case reportA 78-year-old-woman presented with a corneal non-pigmented vascularised tumour of her left eye, of 2 months onset, but with no previous ocular disorders. Surgical excision was performed, and the histopathological study showed the lesion to be an atypical melanocytic nevus of the limbus.DiscussionCorneal pigmented lesions tend to occur as a result of conjunctival or sclerocorneal limbus lesions spreading or arising de novo from melanocytic cells that have migrated following corneal injury. A biopsy should be carried out to type and distinguish benign lesions (nevus) from pre-malignant or malignant lesions (primary acquired melanosis or conjunctival melanoma).     

Abordaje multidisciplinario de un rabdomiosarcoma embrionario orbitario: a propósito de un caso

Of the head and neck tumoral lesions in children and adolescents, 5 to 10% are primary malignant tumors. Among these tumors, orbital rhabdomyosarcoma stands out, which is the most common primary soft tissue sarcoma in children. Its diagnosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion, and it can be corroborated with a series of examinations, in order to stage it and carry out the appropriate treatment. Currently, surgery and chemotherapy are the primary treatments, and the use of conventional radiotherapy is limited to cases where previous treatments fail or there is a risk of recurrence. The following case report aims to expose the clinical picture, diagnosis, staging and integral treatment of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma, as well as the interdisciplinary management that was performed to improve the patient's prognosis.     

Schwannoma de párpado,a propósito de un caso

The case is presented of a 57 year-old man with a one-year history of enlargement of the left upper eyelid. An excisional biopsy was performed, and the histological and immunohistochemical study confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. Schwannomas are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumours, derived from a Schwann cells proliferation. Eyelid involvement is extremely uncommon. To make the diagnosis, a detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical study is essential. This case suggests that schwannomas should be included within the differential diagnosis of any solid eyelid lesion.     

Retinosquisis ligada al X en homocigosis: A propósito de un caso

X-linked retinoschisis (XLR) is a cause of retinal degeneration that affects males at an early age. X-linked disorders classically affect only males. We present the case of a 10-year-old female with the full spectrum of the pathology. BCVA 0.7 OU. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed bilateral foveal alteration with cystic appearance. The genetic study identified the variant c.644A>T (p.Glu215Gly) in the RS1 gene in homozygosis, associated with retinoschisis with X-linked recessive mode of inheritance. XLR is a condition that has a great variety in the severity of the disease and there is no correlation between the latter and the progression of the pathology. The disease has been described in a limited number of females mainly in families with high degree of consanguinity.     

Epitelitis pigmentaria retiniana aguda (EPRA). A propósito de un caso

A 35-year-old woman arrived in the emergency department due to loss of vision in the left eye. She had a subfoveal yellowish-looking lesion that, on optical coherence tomography (OCT), corresponded to a hyper-reflective lesion from the external nuclear layer to the retinal pigment epithelium. The lesion was reabsorbed at 6 weeks, leaving a discontinuity in the photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium lines. The patient was diagnosed with acute retinal pigmentary epitheliitis (ARPE).ARPE is a self-limiting disease with a good prognosis. Emphasis is placed on the importance of a correct diagnosis using funduscopy, OCT, and fluorescent angiography, in order to avoid unnecessary treatments.     

Disminución de la agudeza visual tras un procedimiento odontológico: A propósito de un caso

The use of intra-oral local anaesthetics for dental procedures is a widely extended practice that may cause side effects. As such, in rare cases it may cause ocular complications such as diplopia, ptosis, blurry vision, miosis, vision loss, or amaurosis. (Most of them are transient, recovering after several hours or days). A case is presented of a 26 year-old male patient who had visual impairment in the right eye 2 days after a dental procedure was performed. Six months later he had a complete restoration of the previous visual acuity, despite the fact that he had not received any treatment. Several ways have been proposed in the literature that may explain the appearance of ocular complications following these kinds of procedures. In this case, inadvertent intravenous injection is believed to have been the cause.     

Múltiples desprendimientos de epitelio pigmentario idiopático: a propósito de un caso

Case reportA 47 year-old female who presented with a bilateral idiopathic multiple pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in a routine visit. This pathology is shown as a rare clinical manifestation, where the outcome is resolution of localized atrophy of the pigment epithelium, with a good functional prognosis.DiscussionPED is a common clinical manifestation in several chorioretinal diseases, particularly in macular degeneration associated with age. Idiopathic PED can be considered as a kind of central type II serous chorioretinopathy. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) are complementary tests to study the number, extension, and nature of these PED.     

A propósito de un caso de hamartoma retiniano adyacente a cabeza de nervio óptico en un caso de esclerosis tuberosa

Introduction

Tuberous sclerosis is a rare multisystemic disease with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. There are few documented cases in the literature of retinal hamartomas (astrocytomas) with aggressive progression in the context of this disease.

Síndrome oculoglandular de Parinaud: a propósito de un caso

Clinical case

A 33-year old woman presents with unilateral granulomatous conjunctivitis, ipsilateral regional lymphadenopathy and fever. A Bartonella henselae infection is demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence, and a diagnosis of a Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome is established. Outcome after treatment with oral doxycycline is satisfactory.