不同浓度局麻药用于臂丛阻滞100例临床分析

目的探讨两种不同浓度局麻药在臂丛神经阻滞麻醉中的麻醉效果和不良反应.方法随机选取100例锁骨骨折在臂丛神经阻滞麻醉下进行手术的病例,其中50例以1.73%碳酸利多卡因10ml+0.9%生理盐水10ml+0.75%盐酸罗哌卡因10ml,另50例以1.73%碳酸利多卡因20ml+0.75%盐酸罗哌卡因10ml进行麻醉,分析两组麻醉效果和不良反应. 结果两组病例麻醉效果无显著性差异(P＞0.05).B组有2例发生霍纳氏综合征,A组无并发症发生. 结论低浓度的局麻药足可以满意地完成锁骨骨折手术,值得在临床中推广 .     

不同浓度局麻药用于臂丛阻滞100例临床分析

目的探讨两种不同浓度局麻药在臂丛神经阻滞麻醉中的麻醉效果和不良反应.方法随机选取100例锁骨骨折在臂丛神经阻滞麻醉下进行手术的病例,其中50例以1.73%碳酸利多卡因10ml+0.9%生理盐水10ml+0.75%盐酸罗哌卡因10ml,另50例以1.73%碳酸利多卡因20ml+0. 75%盐酸罗哌卡因10ml进行麻醉,分析两组麻醉效果和不良反应. 结果两组病例麻醉效果无显著性差异(P＞0.05).B组有2例发生霍纳氏综合征,A组无并发症发生. 结论低浓度的局麻药足可以满意地完成锁骨骨折手术,值得在临床中推广 .     

不同浓度局麻药用于臂丛阻滞100例临床分析

目的　探讨两种不同浓度局麻药在臂丛神经阻滞麻醉中的麻醉效果和不良反应。方法　随机选取 10 0例锁骨骨折在臂丛神经阻滞麻醉下进行手术的病例 ,其中 5 0例以 1.73%碳酸利多卡因 10ml+0 .9%生理盐水10ml+0 .75 %盐酸罗哌卡因 10ml,另 5 0例以 1.73%碳酸利多卡因 2 0ml+0 .75 %盐酸罗哌卡因 10ml进行麻醉 ,分析两组麻醉效果和不良反应。结果　两组病例麻醉效果无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。B组有 2例发生霍纳氏综合征 ,A组无并发症发生。结论　低浓度的局麻药足可以满意地完成锁骨骨折手术 ,值得在临床中推广     

罗哌卡因与利多卡因用于臂丛麻醉临床观察

目的观察0.447%罗哌卡因20ml+1%利多卡因20ml用于成人肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞在上肢手术的临床效果及穿刺成功率。方法选择成人上肢手术患者200例,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,随机分为不同浓度罗哌卡因组和不同浓度布比卡因组各50例。A、C组推注1%利多卡因10ml,0.447%罗哌或0.375%布比20ml;穿刺有异感结束推药。无异感继续推1%利多卡因10ml,共计30-40ml;B、D组同样穿刺后注入2%利多卡因20ml+0.894%罗哌或0.75%布比10ml;共计30ml。4组均观察5-20min,阻滞不全或无效,加强化或改麻醉方法。观察4组穿刺成功率,起效时间,麻醉效果及用药后局麻药不良反应。结果 4组的感觉阻滞起效时间和运动阻滞起效时间差异无显著性(P0.05),0.447%罗哌卡因组的感觉阻滞维持时间与镇痛维持时间和穿刺成功率优于B,C,D组(P0.05)。0.447%罗哌卡因组感觉与运动阻滞分离较明显。结论 0.447%罗哌卡因20ml与1%利多卡因20ml联合用于肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞穿刺成功率高,感觉运动阻滞起效快,术中维持时间长,术后镇痛时间长,毒性低,经济安全有效。用于上肢臂丛麻醉是一种较理想的选择。     

罗哌卡因与利多卡因用于臂丛麻醉临床观察

目的观察0.447%罗哌卡因20ml+1%利多卡因20ml用于成人肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞在上肢手术的临床效果及穿刺成功率。方法选择成人上肢手术患者200例,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,随机分为不同浓度罗哌卡因组和不同浓度布比卡因组各50例。A、C组推注1%利多卡因10ml,0.447%罗哌或0.375%布比20ml;穿刺有异感结束推药。无异感继续推1%利多卡因10ml,共计30-40ml;B、D组同样穿刺后注入2%利多卡因20ml+0.894%罗哌或0.75%布比10ml;共计30ml。4组均观察5-20min,阻滞不全或无效,加强化或改麻醉方法。观察4组穿刺成功率,起效时间,麻醉效果及用药后局麻药不良反应。结果 4组的感觉阻滞起效时间和运动阻滞起效时间差异无显著性(P>0.05),0.447%罗哌卡因组的感觉阻滞维持时间与镇痛维持时间和穿刺成功率优于B,C,D组(P<0.05)。0.447%罗哌卡因组感觉与运动阻滞分离较明显。结论 0.447%罗哌卡因20ml与1%利多卡因20ml联合用于肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞穿刺成功率高,感觉运动阻滞起效快,术中维持时间长,术后镇痛时间长,毒性低,经济安全有效。用于上肢臂丛麻醉是一种较理想的选择。     

不同浓度利多卡因和罗哌卡因配伍用于腋路臂丛神经阻滞的研究

目的比较不同浓度局麻药配伍用于腋路臂丛神经阻滞的效果。方法选择期单侧前臂手术的患者60例,随机分为两组(n=30):高浓度组(0.5%利多卡因 0.375%罗哌卡因)和低浓度组(0.25%利多卡因 0.25%罗哌卡因)。均给予腋路臂丛神经阻滞,自注入局麻药后的30分钟内,每隔5分钟评价臂丛神经支配区域的感觉,运动阻滞情况。记录臂丛神经阻滞(感觉和运动)起效时间和作用持续时间以及术中及术后并发症。结果两组患者术中和术后均未出现并发症。与高浓度组比较,低浓度组感觉,运动阻滞起效时间延长(P<0.05),但两组感觉,运动阻滞作用时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用低浓度的局麻药配伍(0.25%利多卡因 0.25%罗哌卡因)即可提供满意的麻醉效果。     

舒芬太尼用于臂丛神经阻滞的临床效果观察

目的观察舒芬太尼用于利多卡因和罗哌卡因复合肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞的麻醉效果。方法急诊单侧上肢外伤手术患者60例,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,随机分为两组（n=30）：对照组1%利多卡因＋0.25%罗哌卡因（25ml）,舒芬太尼组1%利多卡因＋0.25%罗哌卡因＋舒芬太尼15μg（25ml）臂丛阻滞。观察感觉阻滞、运动阻滞和VAS疼痛评分,记录不良反应发生情况。结果两组感觉阻滞起效时间,完全运动阻滞起效时间无明显差异（P〉0.05）;感觉、运动阻滞持续时间舒芬太尼组明显长于对照组（P〈0.05）;阻滞后10min、120min、180minVAS评分舒芬太尼组明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）;麻醉后SBP、DBP和HR变化两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;两组无恶心呕吐、瘙痒和呼吸抑制并发症。结论 1%利多卡因＋0.25%罗派卡因复合舒芬太尼15μg明显增强臂丛神经阻滞镇痛效果,延长感觉和运动阻滞时间,且没有明显的副作用。     

超声引导下肌间沟入路臂丛神经阻滞麻醉的效果分析

目的总结分析超声引导下肌间沟入路臂丛神经阻滞麻醉效果。方法选择2016年6月至2018年12月在我院拟进行上肢外科手术治疗的120例患者为研究对象,均在超声引导下实施肌间沟入路臂丛神经阻滞麻醉,根据罗哌卡因浓度不同进行分组,对照组60例为中等浓度罗哌卡因(0.5%)、观察组60例为低浓度罗哌卡因(0.4%),比较两组麻醉起效时间、镇痛维持时间以及麻醉相关不良反应等指标。结果观察组麻醉起效时间(23.5±1.6)min、镇痛维持时间(8.5±0.4)h与对照组接近,但术后不良反应率0%明显低于对照组,差异明显(P0.05)。观察组麻醉优良率达到96.67%,对照组麻醉优良率达到95.00%,两组无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论超声引导下肌间沟入路臂丛神经阻滞麻醉效果确切,低浓度罗哌卡因麻醉效果与中等浓度罗哌卡因麻醉效果相当,但低浓度罗哌卡因麻醉手术后不良反应率低。     

双点臂丛阻滞法用于上肢手术的临床观察

目的:观察研究臂丛神经阻滞双点法与单点法用于上肢手术时的麻醉效果,比较三组间神经阻滞效果、止血带反应和辅助用药情况。方法:选择90例上肢手术病人,ASAI-II级,手术时间2~5小时,按随机双盲法分为A、B、C三组,每组30例。A组:肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞法,使用0.3%罗哌卡因和1%利多卡因混合液20ml。B组:腋路臂丛神经阻滞法,使用0.3%罗哌卡因和1%利多卡因混合液20ml。C组:肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞联合腋路臂丛神经阻滞法,肌间沟阻滞使用0.3%罗哌卡因和1%利多卡因混合液20ml,同时腋路阻滞使用0.3%罗哌卡因和1%利多卡因混合液20ml。结果:双点阻滞法较单点阻滞法镇痛效果更完善,阻滞时间更长,止血带反应减少,基本未用辅助药。结论:双点阻滞法克服了单点法对尺侧或者桡侧阻滞不全的不足,止血带反应轻,病人舒适度过手术期。     

盐酸右美托咪定在臂丛神经阻滞中的作用

目的 评价盐酸右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine)在臂丛神经阻滞的作用.方法 将60例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级拟行肘关节以下手术的患者随机分为观察组(n=30),采用1%罗哌卡因10 mL+2%利多卡因10 mL+盐酸右美托咪定0.8 μg/kg加生理盐水至30 mL;对照组(n=30),采用1%罗哌卡因10 mL+2%...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.