MRI及MRS对大脑胶质瘤病的诊断及鉴别诊断价值

目的评价MRI及MRS在大脑胶质瘤病的诊断和鉴别诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析经活检、手术病理证实的6例大脑胶质瘤病患者的MRI和MRS表现特征,并与病理切片进行对照;常规行SE序列平扫及增强、DWI序列成像,其中3例行MRS研究,二维多体素、点分辨法PRESS、TE 144 m s。结果所有病例均侵犯2个脑叶或以上,同时伴胼胝体侵犯6例、基底节和丘脑侵犯4例、脑干侵犯2例。病变区呈长T2、稍长T1异常信号,T2WI、FLAIR上均为高信号,无坏死、钙化,受累区脑组织肿胀,占位效应轻。2例增强扫描见小结节状强化,4例无明显强化。3例MRS表现均有不同程度NAA降低,NAA/Cr比值降低,Cho上升,Cho/Cr和Cho/NAA的比值上升。结论MRI结合MRS对大脑胶质瘤病的诊断及鉴别诊断具有较大价值,结合临床、MRI及MRS是能够作出明确诊断的。     

脑胶质瘤病的MRI征象分析

目的：总结和学习脑胶质瘤病的MRI特征。方法：对临床确诊的4例脑胶质瘤病进行回顾性分析，其中包括临床表现及MRI征象等内容。结果：4例患者病情均有进行性加重，表现为头痛、呕吐、智力与精神障碍、癫痫、偏瘫等症状。影像学表现为双侧大脑半球对称性弥散性病灶，并脑白质均受累，占位效应不明显，没有显著强化。结论：脑胶质瘤病的临床表现与MRI征象结合，有助于本病的诊断。     

MRI及MRS在大脑胶质瘤病诊断中的应用

目的：探讨MRI及MRS在大脑胶质瘤病诊断及鉴别诊断中的意义。方法：回顾性分析经穿刺病理或手术病理证实的5例大脑胶质瘤病患者,所有患者均行常规MRI检查及单体素MRS检查。结果：MRI常规图像显示所有病灶均呈浸润性生长但无明确肿块形成,病变累及区脑回肿胀、脑沟及脑裂变浅。5例患者均累及三个脑叶,其中同时合并单侧基底节区受累4例,合并胼胝体区受累5例。MRI常规图像所有病灶T1WI均呈弥漫性低信号,T2WI呈弥漫性高信号;增强扫描2例病灶内见斑片状强化区,所有病灶内未见明显坏死区或囊变区。MRS谱线显示5例病灶内谱线均表现为不同程度NAA峰降低,Cho峰升高,Cho/Cr比值及Cho/NAA比值升高。结论：MRI及MRS对大脑胶质瘤病的早期诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要作用。     

大脑胶质瘤病的MRI诊断

目的 评价ＭＲＩ对大脑胶质瘤病的诊断价值。方法 经病理证实的大脑胶质瘤病１５例（１４例手术,１例活检）,回顾分析其ＭＲ表现。结果 除１例病灶累及大脑２叶外,其余均累及３叶或以上,病灶在Ｔ１、ＷＩ上均呈低或等低信号、Ｔ２ＷＩ上呈高信号,边界不清,局部脑组织轻微肿胀,占位表现不明显。增强扫描：１１例无明显强化;１例病灶区斑片状强化;１例结节状强化;２例局部血管脑脑沟裂可见局限性强化。结论 大脑胶质瘤病     

脑胶质瘤病的临床和MRI研究

目的 观察脑胶质瘤病的临床、病理、MRI特征,寻找本病患者生前确诊的方法。方法 对高度怀疑脑质瘤病患者5例进行脑组织活检,将临床症状、影像学特点及病理做对照研究。结果 5例患者有进行性加重的头痛、呕吐等颅内压力增高表现,并伴有智能与精神障碍、癫痫、偏瘫等症状。影像学显示双侧大脑半球对称性弥性病灶,并灰白质均受螺,占位效应不明显,没有显著强化,病理证实为胶胶质瘤病。肿瘤细胞在大地球灰白质中广泛增值,主要在血管、神经元周围呈浸润性生长,不形成团块。结论 脑胶质瘤病的临床表现与影像学结合可帮助诊断,最终诊断仍需领先病理学检查。     

适于MRI研究的脑胶质瘤模型的建立

目的建立适于MR I研究的鼠脑胶质瘤模型。方法采用脑立体定向术,在F ischer344大鼠脑内接种F98胶质瘤细胞。接种后观察大鼠的生存期并进行生存分析。接种后第6、8、10、12、14天采用MR I及病理学方法动态观察肿瘤生长情况。结果接种成功率为100%,生存分析表明接种后老鼠多数于14 d左右死亡。接种后6 d,MR I即可检测出肿瘤生长。随着接种时间延长,肿瘤体积增大,接种后第6、8、10、12、14天组织学测量分别为(3.6±0.2)mm3、(8.1±0.5)mm3、(63.2±0.6)mm3、(127.3±0.8)mm3,(312.6±0.7)mm3。MR I测量的肿瘤体积为(4.1±0.3)mm3、(8.5±0.4)mm3、(65.4±0.7)mm3、(132.5±0.2)mm3、(317.8±1.4)mm3。组织学测量与MR I体积测量差异无统计学意义(t=0.943~2.287,P值均>0.05),但两者明显相关(r=0.91,P<0.01)。第10、12、14天组肿瘤体积较第6、8天组明显增大(F=3.52,P<0.05)。病理学显示该肿瘤模型具有胶质瘤的病理特点。结论该胶质瘤模型成瘤率高,成瘤快,有良好的可预测性和可重复性,是适合MR I研究的理想模型。细胞接种后10~14 d是最佳的研究时期。     

前列腺炎的MRI及MRS初步研究

目的研究前列腺炎外周带的MRI表现及MR波谱(MRS)特征。资料与方法 21例前列腺炎患者行MRI平扫加MRS成像,观察前列腺外周带的信号形态及信号强度,同时计算感兴趣区的胆碱(Cho)+肌酸(Cre)/枸橼酸盐(Cit)比值。结果 21例前列腺炎患者平均前列腺特异抗原(PSA)水平是31.80 ng/ml。2例呈非结节局灶低信号,10例显示为双侧外周带弥漫低信号,3例显示为一侧外周带弥漫低信号,1例显示为结节状局灶低信号,其余5例没有信号异常。14例MRS谱线示Cho峰升高,Cit峰下降或消失,另7例MRS谱线正常,21例(Cho+Cre)/Cit均值为6.44。结论前列腺炎外周带低信号(T2WI)对前列腺癌并不具有特异性,前列腺炎的MRS谱线可类似于前列腺癌的波谱特征,可导致前列腺癌的假阳性诊断。     

脑胶质瘤瘤周组织3.0T~1H-MRS与浸润程度的相关性分析

目的:分析未经治疗的脑胶质瘤瘤周组织的1 H-MRS表现,探讨不同代谢物比率与肿瘤浸润程度间的关系。方法:搜集未经治疗的脑胶质瘤25例,均经手术、病理证实。术前在3.0T MR仪上行常规平扫及MRI增强检查,并用点解析频谱法(PRESS)行多体素1 H-MRS成像。经MRI引导-神经导航下穿刺活检取得组织学样本并行病理学分析。结果:共得到239个组织学样本及相应1 H-MRS、病理学分析结果。Spearman分析示Cho/nCr及NAA/Cho与肿瘤的浸润程度相关性最大。结论:初步研究表明,与常规及MRI增强相比,1 H-MRS能够更准确地反映脑胶质瘤的浸润范围及程度,这对于评价肿瘤范围及制定手术计划、评价疗效都具有重要的诊断和治疗意义。     

探讨联合应用MRS和DWI在脑胶质瘤分级中的诊断价值

目的 探讨联合应用氢质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)相关代谢物和磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)的表观扩散系数(ADC)值在脑胶质瘤分级诊断中的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的59例脑胶质瘤的MRS和DWI图像.按照WH0 2007标准,将病例分为两组:低级别胶质瘤组(Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,24例)和高级别胶质瘤组(Ⅲ～Ⅳ级,35例),测量并计算肿瘤实质区、健侧脑组织区代谢物及ADC值的相对值和比值,作统计学分析.结果 在59例脑胶质瘤中,rNAA、Cho/Cr、NAA/Cr、NAA/Cho及rADC在低、高级别组胶质瘤比较中差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而rCho和rCr在两组胶质瘤比较中差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);经受试者工作特征曲线分析发现rNAA、NAA/Cr、NAA/Cho、rADC鉴别胶质瘤分级的曲线下面积＞0.5,MRS+ rADC鉴别胶质瘤分级的曲线下面积(0.956)＞单独运用MRS(0.893)或rADC的曲线下面积(0.805),MRS+ rADC诊断低、高级别胶质瘤的敏感性和特异性分别达88.6％、95.8％.结论 联合分析MRS参数(rNAA、NAA/Cr、NAA/Cho)和DWI参数(rADC)对诊断胶质瘤分级具有较高的敏感性和特异性,可为临床治疗方案的制定及判断预后提供帮助.     

颅内胶质瘤扩散的MRI诊断

目的 探讨颅内胶质瘤扩散的ＭＲ类型,并总结其ＭＲＩ特征。方法 对１１００例经病理证实的颅内胶质瘤ＭＲＩ资料进行回顾性分析。结果 １１００例颅内胶质瘤中,２６３例发生扩散,扩散发生率为２３．９１％。ＭＲＩ上有５种扩散表现型：多灶性扩散１１５例,桥接扩散７５例,柔脑膜扩散５７例,室管膜及室管膜下扩散６０例,种植转移２６例。结论 ＭＲＩ能清晰地显示颅内胶质瘤扩散,有助于加深对胶质扩散机制的认识,可为临床     

Proton MR spectroscopy in gliomatosis cerebri

Two cases of gliomatosis cerebri are presented in which there was markedly decreased N-acetyl aspartate and an elevated lactate-lipid area in the MR proton spectra. Received: 6 September 1999 Accepted: 10 December 1999     

MRI对脑胶质瘤病的诊断价值

目的：探讨MRI对脑胶质瘤病的诊断价值。方法：分析7例脑胶质瘤病的MRI表现。结果：7例胶质瘤病均侵犯2个脑叶或以上，5例侵及大脑深部结构，病变均呈长T1、长T2信号，占位效应不明显，未见明显强化，DWI示部分病灶呈高信号，ADC图呈低信号，且ADC值低于正常脑实质值，MRS波谱示病变区NAA峰明显降低，2例CHO峰明显升高，未见明显LAC峰，病理证实为脑胶质瘤病。结论：MRI是目前诊断脑胶质瘤病的首选影像学诊断方法。     

A difficult diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri

Gliomatosis cerebri, a rare condition, requires clinical, radiological and pathological correlation for diagnosis. Mental and personality changes are the most common presenting symptoms with or without focal neurological signs. The widespread nature of the disease is revealed by CT or MRI. The shape of the brain may be maintained and pathological gross examination may be unremarkable or show hypertrophy without evident tumour. Microscopic examination reveals infiltration of the brain by variably differentiated neoplastic glial cells. We present a patient with gliomatosis cerebri in whom we experienced difficulties with diagnosis. The literature is reviewed and the diagnostic features summarised.     

Oligodendroglial gliomatosis cerebri: 1H-MRS suggests elevated glycine/inositol levels

Oligodendroglial gliomatosis cerebri is very rare. We describe 42-year-old woman who had low-grade oligodendroglial gliomatosis cerebri confirmed on stereotactic biopsy. The diffuse nature of the tumour was apparent clinically, neurophysiologically, on MRI and on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). She also had an isolated, false-localising partial seventh nerve palsy. MRS, of which there are no previous reports, suggested elevated glycine/inositol levels. This might be explained by the cell lineage from which the tumour arose. Received: 5 January 1999 Accepted: 25 January 1999     

大脑胶质瘤病的MRI表现特征及其病理基础

目的探讨大脑胶质瘤病（GC）的MRI表现特点及其病理基础。资料与方法分析经活检、手术病理证实的12例GC的MRI表现特征,并与病理切片进行对照研究。对其中8例于同期行常规头颅CT扫描。结果MRI显示GC病变广泛,11例（91,7％）累及三叶以上大脑,以额、颞、顶叶受累多见。病变区脑组织肿胀,无囊变、钙化和肿块形成,占位效应不明显,周围正常脑组织结构仍可辨识。同时伴胼胝体侵犯10例（83.3％）,基底节和丘脑侵犯5例,脑干侵犯3例,小脑和脊髓侵犯各1例。病变在T1WI上均以低信号为主;T2WI、液态衰减反转恢复序列（FLAIR）上均为均匀高信号。增强扫描10例（83、3％）无强化。8例CT扫描仅显示大脑弥漫性等或低密度,显示的病变范围均小于MRI。在病理上表现为不同分化程度的胶质肿瘤细胞在神经束间、神经细胞及血管周围浸润性生长,其中纤维型星形细胞瘤8例,胖细胞型星形细胞瘤2例,混合型星形细胞瘤和少枝胶质瘤各1例。结论MRI不仅能反映GC的病理特性,而且能清楚显示肿瘤在颅内的侵犯范围,是诊断GC的首选影像学方法。     

基底节区生殖细胞瘤的MRI和MRS研究

目的:研究基底节区生殖细胞瘤的常规MRI及质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)表现.方法:对6例经活检或手术病理证实的生殖细胞瘤的MRI和1H-MRS表现进行回顾分析.结果:6例基底节区生殖细胞瘤均为男性,病灶T1WI多呈低或等信号,T2WI呈高信号.增强后病灶不均匀斑点、片状及环状强化.1H-MRS表现为胆碱(Cho)峰升高,肌酸(cr)降低,氮乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)明显降低.结论:基底节区生殖细胞瘤的MRI影像表现具有一定特点,结合1H-MRS,可以提高生殖细胞瘤的诊断水平.     

Multivoxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy in gliomatosis cerebri

Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare entity with non-specific clinical and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings; accurate diagnosis is a differential diagnostic challenge. MR spectroscopy has recently been introduced as a useful diagnostic tool for detection of this entity. We present a gliomatosis cerebri case in which we made the radiological diagnosis using the MR spectroscopy findings; the diagnosis was confirmed by subsequent biopsy and histopathologic evaluation. Multivoxel spectroscopy (CSI, PRESS, 1500/135) shows a marked increase in Cho/NAA (6.6), normal to mild increase in Cho/Cr (1.2), and marked decrease in NAA/Cr (0.2) compared with the normally appearing contralateral side (Cho/NAA: 0.8, Cho/Cr: 0.9, NAA/Cr: 1.2).     

CT and MRI findings in gliomatosis cerebri: a neuroradiologic and neuropathologic review of diffuse infiltrating brain neoplasms

The aim of the study was to develop objective criteria that might be helpful for the diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri (GC) with the highest possible probability based on both the neuroradiological and histopathological findings. Imaging findings in 14 patients with diffuse infiltrating brain neoplasms were studied by two neuroradiologists. Computed tomography and MRI scans were compared with each other side by side. The extent and kind of disease were graded on a scale of 1–5. Interexamination agreement between the two methods was calculated using a kappa analysis. Neither of the neuroradiologists performed the examinations and both were blinded to the histopathological findings, which were also available for all patients, based on biopsy as well as follow-up CT and MRI studies. A neuroradiological–neuropathological correlation was performed. A score system helped to differentiate the findings in three categories: 1 = suggestive of GC; 2 = GC cannot be excluded; and 3 = others. Both CT and MRI were performed in 14 patients with clinical signs and symptoms of an intracerebral tumor. All examinations had diagnostic quality and showed the involvement of at least two brain lobes. Stereotactic biopsy was carried out in all patients. In 2 patients the neuropathological diagnosis was suggestive of GC, in 1 patient glioblastoma, in 2 patients astrocytoma, and in 5 patients nonspecific astrogliotic proliferation. In the remaining 4 cases anaplastic tumor infiltration was diagnosed. The neuroradiological findings in 5 cases were suggestive of GC; in 6 cases a GC could not excluded; and in 3 patients only a slight probability of GC was found. In 2 cases was the neuropathological and the neuroradiological diagnosis of GC concordant. Magnetic resonance imaging is significantly more sensitive than CT in the diagnosis of GC. However, even with multiple, MRI-guided stereotactic biopsies in correlation with intraoperative analysis of the sample by smear preparations by a neuropathologist the antemortem diagnosis of GC is still difficult. Discussion of neuropathological and neuroradiological findings in each case in combination with a score system may help to resolve discrepancies. Received: 3 March 2000/Revised: 1 August 2000/Accepted: 4 August 2000     

Gliomatosis cerebri presenting with optic nerve involvement: MRI

Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare form of astrocytoma characterized by extreme infiltration of the brain structure in conjunction with a relative paucity of clinical findings. We describe the MRI findings in a patient with gliomatosis cerebri widely infiltrating the brain who presented with symptoms related to involvement of the optic nerves and chiasm. Contrast-enhanced MRI showed enlargement of the optic nerves and chiasm with pathological enhancement; T2-weighted images showed extensive infiltration of the brain by tumor. Histopathologic examination of the biopsy specimen showed anaplastic astrocytoma with gemistocytic predominance and a diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri was reached. Received: 12 March 1994 Accepted: 20 June 1994