急性胰腺炎患者血清脂质变化的临床观察

为了解高脂血症与急性胰腺炎（AP）的发生、发展及其预后的关系,作者动态观察了AP患者血脂水平的变化,并对其临床意义进行了探讨。     

脂质过氧化损伤对高脂血症大鼠重症急性胰腺炎的作用及机制

目的:观察高脂血症对大鼠急性胰腺炎病情的影响,探讨脂质过氧化损伤在伴高脂血症重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)中的作用及其机制.方法:SD大鼠脂肪乳剂灌胃2 wk建立高脂血症模型,逆行胰胆管注射3.5%牛磺胆酸钠诱发SAP模型.将大鼠50只随机分为4组:正常组(n=10);高脂血症对照组(HL组,n=10);SAP组(n=15);伴高脂血症SAP(HAP,n=15).检测血清淀粉酶(AMS)、甘油三酯(TG)及胆固醇(CH)水平,并检测血清及胰腺组织的丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)、一氧化氮(NO),观察胰腺组织病理改变.结果:HAP组胰腺组织病理改变较SAP组严重:HAP组血清及胰腺组织MDA、XOD水平显著高于SAP组(血清:30.76±2.67 nmol/mLvs 23.14±3.42 nmol/mL,55.72±10.49 U/L vs 45.78±8.98 U/L,均P<0.01:胰腺组织:4.33±0.48 nmol/mgprot vs 2.87±0.45 nmol/mgprot,5.57±0.63 U/gprot vs 4.33±0.79 U/gprot,均P<0.01):其血清及胰腺组织SOD、NO水平显著低于SAP组(血清:85.46±13.56 U/mLvs 97.16±13.77 U/mL,31.72±10.50μmol/Lvs 52.97±6.01μmol/L,均P<0.05;胰腺组织:22.65±3.85 U/mgprot vs 27.88±4.43 U/mgprot,均P<0.01;1.09±0.21 μmol/gprot vs 1.48±0.40μmol/gprot,均P<0.05).结论:高脂血症可加SAP的胰腺病理改变;脂质过氧化损伤可能在高脂血症加重SAP的机制中发挥重要作用.     

苦参素对慢性乙型肝炎患者血清肝纤维化指标的影响

目的　探讨苦参素胶囊对慢性乙型肝炎纤维化指标的影响。方法　将观察病人随机分为两组 ,对照组 3 2例 ,给予保肝对症治疗 ;治疗组 3 6例 ,除上述治疗外 ,加服苦参素胶囊 2 0 0mg 3次 /日 ,疗程 6个月。结果　两组病例治疗前肝纤维化指标水平无差异 ,治疗后 ,治疗组改善明显优于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,有显著差异。结论　苦参素胶囊对慢性乙型肝炎患者有改善肝纤维化指标的作用     

还原型谷胱甘肽治疗急性胰腺炎肝损害35例疗效观察

2006年1月～2006年11月．我们采用还原型谷胱甘肽治疗急性胰腺炎肝损害患者35例。现报告如下。 临床资料：入选70例患者均符合急性胰腺炎诊断标准,男42例、女28例;年龄22～76岁,平均42．7岁。随机分为治疗组和对照组各35例,两组患者性别、年龄、病因及疾病损伤程度差异无统计学意义。     

乌司他丁治疗急性胰腺炎60例临床疗效分析

目的探讨鸟司他丁治疗急性胰腺炎的疗效及副作用。方法回顾性分析我院60例急性胰腺炎临床资料。结果治疗组症状、体征、血尿淀粉酶及细胞计数缓解及恢复正常时问明显优于对照组。结论鸟司他丁治疗急性胰腺炎疗效好,无明显副作用。     

早期液体复苏对重症急性胰腺炎患者疗效的影响

目的 探讨早期液体复苏对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)患者治疗效果的影响.方法 将发病72 h内就诊的70例SAP患者纳入研究.液体复苏达标参数:心率＜120次/min;尿量≥1 ml·h-1 ·kg-1;血细胞比容≤35％;平均动脉压65～85 mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa).回顾分析液体复苏达标时间(＜48h、48 ～72 h、＞72 h)和达标项目数(0～1、2、3、4项)对患者疗效的影响.结果 70例患者中41例(58.6％)发生并发症,20例(28.6％)中转手术,10例(14.3％)病死.中位住院天数为23.5 d,中位治疗费用为7.19(0.57～56.74)万元.＜48 h、48～72 h、＞72 h液体复苏达标患者的中转手术率(20.0％、33.3％、75.0％)、急性肾损伤发生率(20.0％、25.0％、75.0％)和并发症发生率(50.0％、83.3％、100％)在3组间均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).发病48 h内液体复苏后0～1、2、3、4项达标者的中转手术率(50.0％、26.3％、13.0％、25.0％)、急性肾损伤发生率(45.0％、31.6％、17.4％、0)、ARDS发生率(35.0％、31.6％、13.0％、0)均呈显著下降趋势.结论 SAP发病48 h内,合理的液体复苏策略有利于提高疗效,改善患者预后.     

丹参对重症急性胰腺炎早期多器官组织脂质过氧化的影响

[目的]研究丹参对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)早期多器官组织脂质过氧化的影响及其作用机制.[方法]将30只大鼠随机分为3组,即正常组、模型组和丹参治疗组.采用逆行胰管注射法建立大鼠SAP模型,观察胰、心、肝、肺、肾组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和组织学变化及丹参注射液对其的影响.[结果]模型组的多器官组织MDA增加、SOD活性降低,以胰、心、肝、肾为主;丹参注射液可升高胰、心、肝、肾等组织的SOD活性,降低胰、肝、肾组织的MDA水平.[结论]SAP早期存在着多器官组织脂质过氧化,相应组织中SOD活性的降低是其原因之一.丹参可提高SAP多器官组织SOD活性而减轻组织脂质过氧化,以胰、肝、肾为主.     

急性胰腺炎患者血清chemerin水平及对预后的影响

急性胰腺炎(AP)是临床常见的急危重症之一,其中重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)病情复杂多变,常由于多器官功能衰竭(MODS)而导致死亡,但是发病机制并不完全清楚。本实验通过观察AP患者血清chemerin的变化,探讨chemerin对AP病情及预后判断的临床价值。     

血清LCN2、Cys C水平对急性胰腺炎并发急性肾损伤的预测价值

目的 探讨血清脂质运载蛋白2(LCN2)、胱抑素C(Cys C)水平对急性胰腺炎(AP)并发急性肾损伤(AKI)的预测价值.方法 选择AP患者204例(观察组),根据病情程度分为轻度80例、中度51例、重度73例,同期另选体检健康的志愿者70例(对照组),采集外周静脉血,检测血清LCN2、Cys C.比较观察组与对照组...     

短期腹腔灌洗对重症急性胰腺炎的治疗价值

背景:重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)是一种病情凶险、并发症多、死亡率高的急腹症,早期腹腔灌洗可清除渗出的炎性细胞因子等,提高SAP的治愈率。目的:观察短期腹腔灌洗对SAP的疗效。方法:选取57例SAP患者,其中26例伴有明显腹膜刺激征或穿刺腹腔有渗液的患者行腹腔灌洗,31例未行腹腔灌洗者作为对照组。腹腔灌洗在起病3天内进行,并持续约3～7天。对SAP患者腹腔灌洗前后的APACHE鄄Ⅱ积分、血清C反应蛋白(CRP)水平进行比较,并评估并发症发生和临床指标改善情况。结果:SAP患者行腹腔灌洗后,APACHE鄄Ⅱ积分由14.4±6.5降至8.1±2.4(P<0.01),血清CRP水平由272.4mg/L±51.6mg/L降至65.3mg/L±11.5mg/L(P<0.01),且较对照组基础治疗后下降更为显著(P<0.05和P<0.01)。腹腔灌洗组患者的腹痛缓解时间亦较对照组显著缩短(1.1天±0.5天对3.2天±1.4天,P<0.05)。结论:短期腹腔灌洗能明显改善SAP患者的一般情况和炎症反应,改善患者的预后,值得在临床上推广应用。     

轻症急性胰腺炎患者血清淀粉酶不降的原因分析及处理对策

目的 探讨轻症急性胰腺炎患者血清淀粉酶不降的原因及防治对策.方法 对我院307例轻症急性胰腺炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 轻症急性胰腺炎患者血清淀粉酶不降的原因主要为急性胰腺炎病因未去除、进食不当、急性胰腺炎病情进展、特殊类型急性胰腺炎及合并其他疾病等.结论 观察并分析轻症急性胰腺炎患者血清淀粉酶不降的原因,采取正确的处理对策,对轻症急性胰腺炎患者的康复至关重要.     

瘦素与急性胰腺炎的相关性研究

目的检测急性胰腺炎（AP）患者血清中瘦素和TNF-α浓度,探讨瘦素与急性胰腺炎及体重指数的关系。方法采用放射免疫法（RIA）检测20例急性胰腺炎患者的血清瘦素和TNF-α的水平,并分析其意义,对照组为37例肥胖者。结果在病例组中,瘦素水平明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,血清瘦素水平与TNF-α、BMI均没有相关（P〉0.05）;在对照组中,血清瘦素水平与TNF-α、BMI均呈正相关（P〈0.05）。结论AP患者血清瘦素水平显著高于正常健康肥胖者;AP患者血清瘦素含量的增加可能来源于胰腺的释放;血清瘦素是急性胰腺炎生物学指标之一,对损伤的胰腺具有保护作用。     

Relationship between post-ERCP pancreatitis and the change of serum amylase level after the procedure

AIM： To clarify the relationship between the change of serum amylase level and post-ERCP pancreatitis.
METHODS： Between January 1999 and December 2002, 1291 ERCP-related procedures were performed. Serum amylase concentrations were measured before the procedure and 3, 6, and 24 h afterward. The frequency and severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis and the relationship between these phenomena and the change in amylase level were estimated.
RESULTS： Post-ERCP pancreatitis occurred in 47 patients （3.6%）. Pancreatitis occurred in 1% of patients with normal amylase levels 3 h after ERCP, and in 1%, 5%, 20%, 31% and 39% of patients with amylase levels elevated 1-2 times, 2-3 times, 3-5 times, 5-10 times and over 10 times the upper normal limit at 3 h after ERCP, respectively （level 〈 2 times vs ≥ 2 times, P 〈 0.001）. Of the 143 patients with levels higher than the normal limit at 3 h after ERCP followed by elevation at 6 h, pancreatitis occurred in 26%. In contrast, pancreatitis occurred in 9% of 45 patients with a level higher than two times the normal limit at 3 h after ERCP followed by a decrease at 6 h （26% vs 9%, P 〈 0.05）.
CONCLUSION： Post-ERCP pancreatitis is frequently associated with an increase in serum amylase level greater than twice the normal limit at 3 h after ERCP with an elevation at 6 h. A decrease in amylase level at 6 h after ERCP suggests the unlikelihood of development of post-ERCP pancreatitis.     

血清淀粉酶和脂肪酶浓度及其比值对急性胰腺炎诊断价值的研究

目的探讨血清淀粉酶、脂肪酶浓度及脂肪酶／淀粉酶浓度比值在急性胰腺炎的病因分类和指导疾病的分级诊断中的作用。方法收集急性胰腺炎患者128例,按照病因分为胆源性、酒精性、其他病因三组,按照病情严重程度结合CT检查结果分为轻、中、重三组,比较各组间血清淀粉酶、脂肪酶浓度,脂肪酶／淀粉酶浓度比值的差异。结果酒精性急性胰腺炎患者的血清淀粉酶水平低于胆源性和其他病因患者（P=0．005、0．026）,胆源性和其他病因组间淀粉酶浓度差异无统计学意义。各病因分组之间,脂肪酶浓度和脂肪酶／淀粉酶浓度比值的差异均无统计学意义。按照疾病严重程度分组研究中,淀粉酶、脂肪酶浓度以及脂肪酶／淀粉酶浓度比值在各组间的差异无统计学意义。结论血清淀粉酶浓度在鉴别酒精性和非酒精性急性胰腺炎方面有指示作用,而脂肪酶浓度及脂肪酶／淀粉酶浓度比值不足以用来鉴别急性胰腺炎的病因,也不能单独作为指示疾病严重程度的指标。     

急性胰腺炎患者血淀粉酶变化和CT诊断的比较

目的探讨血淀粉酶的变化规律及其机制。方法本研究对确诊的172例急性胰腺炎(AP)患者随机分为3组,分别在发病≤12 h、12～24 h、48～72 h行CT和血淀粉酶检查。分析不同时间段CT和血淀粉酶检出率。结果 87.5%患者血淀粉酶在6～12 h升高;100%患者血淀粉酶在12 h以上升高。91.3%的患者在12～24 h之间CT检查发现胰腺炎症变化,但与发病大于48 h相比,无显著差异。12 h之内,血淀粉酶升高的阳性率高于CT诊断的阳性率(χ2=22.04,P<0.01)。48～72 h D级、E级检出率明显高于12 h之内和12～24 h之间的检出率。血淀粉酶随着轻症急性胰腺炎分级水平有上升趋势;随着重症急性胰腺炎分级水平有下降趋势。结论血淀粉酶升高的水平与胰腺炎的病情程度无明显相关性,推测其机制可能与胰腺微循环受损程度有关。     

慢性肺心病急性加重期血清脂质和载脂蛋白临床分析

本文检测了９８例慢性肺心病患者的血清脂质及载脂蛋白的水平，并选择４４例健康者做对照，结果为肺心病急性加重期患者的ＴＧ及ＡｐｏＢ明显低于正常，而缓解期患者的血脂及载脂蛋白与正常人无明显差异。     

Influence of obesity on the severity and clinical outcome of acute pancreatitis

Background/Aims

Obesity tends to be associated with increased mortality and morbidity in acute pancreatitis. However, in Asian populations, higher morbidity and mortality have been reported in patients with low body mass indexes (BMIs). This study was undertaken to evaluate the relation between obesity and outcome, and to investigate the occurrence of complications by overweightedness in acute pancreatitis.

Methods

The medical records of 403 patients with acute pancreatitis were reviewed retrospectively, and Ranson''s scores, modified Glasgow scores, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores and computed tomography severity indexes were calculated. Patients were categorized by BMI for the analysis.

Results

When compared with normal patients (BMI 18.5 to 22.9), all categories with a BMI ≥23 had an increased risk of developing a severe form of acute pancreatitis (p=0.003) and all categories with a BMI ≥25 significantly predicted severity (p<0.001). Patients with class 1 obesity (BMI 25 to 29.9) developed significantly more systemic and metabolic complications.

Conclusions

Overweightedness and obesity were found to be associated with a higher risk of developing severe pancreatitis. Further studies are needed to establish the precise prognostic value of obesity in members of the population with low BMIs.     

急性胰腺炎患者血浆降钙素原的变化及其意义

目的探讨血浆降钙素原（PCT）水平对急性胰腺炎（AP）患者预后的预测价值。方法将入选的122例急性胰腺炎患者,根据Ranson评分标准分为轻型胰腺炎组（68例）和重型胰腺炎组（54例）,比较两组患者白细胞计数、中性粒细胞比值、血浆淀粉酶、脂肪酶、C反应蛋白（CRP）以及PCT水平。腹部CT检查评估两组患者CT严重指数（C鸭I）,评估CTSI和血浆PCT水平的相关性。结果（1）与轻型急性胰腺炎患者相比,重型组患者白细胞总数、中性粒细胞比值、血浆淀粉酶、脂肪酶、CRP以及PCT均明显升高,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;（2）Spearman相关分析提示CTSl分级与血浆PCT水平呈正相关（r=0．886,P〈0．05）。结论检测急性胰腺炎患者血浆PCT水平有利于对患者预后的评估。     

急性胰腺炎血清sTNF-R、IFN-γ、IL-6、IL-8、NO、NOS水平与其严重程度的研究

目的　探讨急性胰腺炎 (AP)血清可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体 (sTNF R)、γ 干扰素 (IFN γ)、白细胞介素 6(IL 6)、白细胞介素 8(IL 8)、一氧化氮 (NO)和一氧化氮合成酶 (NOS)的临床意义。方法　分为三组 ,轻症AP(MAP)组 ,重症AP(SAP)组和对照组。在发病 3天内取外周静脉血检测 ,同期测定对照组。结果　MAP组sTNF R、IFN γ、IL 6及IL 8水平明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,NO及NOS水平均略高于对照组 (P >0 0 5 ) ,SAP组所有因子均高于MAP组 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 )。结论上述血清因子有助于判断AP严重程度和预后 ,具有积极的临床意义     

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency,diabetes mellitus and serum nutritional markers after acute pancreatitis

AIM: To investigate impairment and clinical significance of exocrine and endocrine pancreatic function in patients after acute pancreatitis (AP).METHODS: Patients with AP were invited to participate in the study. Severity of AP was determined by the Atlanta classification and definitions revised in 2012. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) was diagnosed by the concentration of fecal elastase-1. An additional work-up, including laboratory testing of serum nutritional markers for determination of malnutrition, was offered to all patients with low levels of fecal elastase-1 FE. Hemoglobin A1c or oral glucose tolerance tests were also performed in patients without prior diabetes mellitus, and type 3c diabetes mellitus (T3cDM) was diagnosed according to American Diabetes Association criteria.RESULTS: One hundred patients were included in the study: 75% (75/100) of patients had one attack of AP and 25% (25/100) had two or more attacks. The most common etiology was alcohol. Mild, moderately severe and severe AP were present in 67, 15 and 18% of patients, respectively. The mean time from attack of AP to inclusion in the study was 2.7 years. PEI was diagnosed in 21% (21/100) of patients and T3cDM in 14% (14/100) of patients. In all patients with PEI, at least one serologic nutritional marker was below the lower limit of normal. T3cDM was more frequently present in patients with severe AP (P = 0.031), but was also present in some patients with mild and moderately severe AP. PEI was present in all degrees of severity of AP. There were no statistically significantly differences according to gender, etiology and number of AP attacks.CONCLUSION: As exocrine and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency can develop after AP, routine follow-up of patients is necessary, for which serum nutritional panel measurements can be useful.