Precipitating antibodies against pseudomonas aeruginosa in serum from dialysis patients.

Hemodialysate in our facility was found contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. By means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis, series of serum samples from 20 patients in regular dialysis treatment have been investigated for development of precipitating antibodies against P. aeruginosa during dialysis treatment. In 6 patients antibacterial antibodies occurred during the observation period but were, in all 6 occasions, in close relation to acute intercurrent bacterial infections and not related to the dialysis treatment. It is therefore concluded that P. aeruginosa antigens from the dialysate do not pass the dialysis membranes in quantities sufficient to evoke a humoral immune response.     

铜绿假单胞菌制剂腹腔给药对进展期胃癌患者细胞免疫水平的影响

目的 评价术中铜绿假单胞菌注射液腹腔置药对胃癌患者细胞免疫功能的影响及安全性.方法 将72例进展期胃癌患者随机分为铜绿假单胞菌腹腔置药组(实验组,41例)和对照组(31例).实验组术毕于瘤床放置铜绿假单胞菌注射液8～10ml.分别在术前、术后10、20、30 d采集两组患者的静脉血测定淋巴细胞总数、淋巴细胞亚群,观察患者围手术期并发症及药物不良反应.结果 实验组淋巴细胞总数[(1.77±0.58)×109/L]与对照组[(1.61±0.52)×109/L]比较明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.042);实验组CD3+细胞(76.36±9.47)与对照组(68.63±10.34)比较明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.027);实验组NK细胞(14.92±8.65)与对照组(14.61±10.31)比较明显提高(P=0.012),差异有统计学意义(P=0.027);实验组CD8+细胞(30.89±9.89)与对照组(30.53±9.26)比较明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P-0.037),而两组的CD4+细胞数和CD4+/CD8+相比差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).铜绿假单胞菌注射液对患者的血常规及肝、肾功能均无明显影响,实验组的1年生存率(94.9％)高于对照组(83.3％),两组相比差异有统计学意义(P=0.022).结论 铜绿假单胞菌注射液的腹腔给药方式安全可行,对进展期胃癌患者具有明显的免疫调节作用.     

Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine and pseudomonas antiserum in the treatment and prevention of infections in burned patients

Two hundred and ten patients with various severe burns were followed up clinically, bacteriologically and immunologically; 162 patients received a polyvalent pseudomonas vaccine (23 for treatment, 139 preventively), 5 patients received combined immunotherapy (polyvalent pseudomonas vaccine and serum) and 43 patients were not vaccinated (control group).Of the 23 patients treated immediately after the onset of pseudomonas infection, 18 recovered clinically and bacteriologically, the other 5 patients died after 39–137 days from Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicaemia (1 case) or other causes (4 cases). In the control group (25 non-vaccinated patients) 5 patients died from P. aeruginosa infections.The combined immunotherapy applied in 5 patients with severe burns predominantly infected with P. aeruginosa led to conspicuous improvement of their general condition and progress towards clinical and bacteriological recovery.Polyvalent pseudomonas vaccine applied preventively 2 years consecutively (1977, 1978) in the same hospital lowered the incidence of P. aeruginosa both in the vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients (from 47.6 per cent in 1977 to 7.2 per cent in 1978 in the vaccinated patients, and from 76 per cent in 1977 to 33.3 per cent in 1978 in the non-vaccinated patients).Active anti-pseudomonas immunity induced by the polyvalent pseudomonas vaccine (prepared from 11 different P. aeruginosa serotypes) in burned patients, systematically followed up in 167 cases, was confirmed by the steadily rising curve of serum immunoglobulin values (IgG, IgA, IgM) and seroprotection titres.     

甘露糖敏感型绿脓杆菌制剂对肝癌细胞周期的作用机制研究

目的 探讨甘露糖敏感性绿脓杆菌制剂(pseudomonasaeruginosa mannose sensitive haemagglutination vaccine,PA-MSHA)对肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)细胞周期的作用及其机制.方法 培养人肝癌细胞株MHCC97L及HepG2,以不同剂量的PA-MSHA作用于肝癌细胞.MTT实验检测PA-MSHA对细胞增殖的影响.流式细胞技术检测PA-MSHA对细胞周期的作用.Western blot检测PA-MSHA作用前后细胞周期蛋白Cyclin D1、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶2(CDK2)、增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)以及细胞周期蛋白激酶抑制剂p21和p27的表达情况.结果 与对照组相比,PA-MSHA显著抑制MHCC97L和HepG2细胞的增殖,其作用呈剂量及时间依赖性(P＜0.05).PA-MSHA显著诱导肝癌细胞周期阻滞,PA-MSHA作用后G0-G1期和G2-M期细胞比例显著增高,而S期细胞比例则显著下降(P＜0.05).PA-MSHA显著抑制Cyclin D1、CDK2、PCNA蛋白的表达,而促进p21和p27的表达.外源性甘露糖可显著抑制PA-MSHA对肝癌细胞增殖和周期的作用(P＜0.05).结论 PA-MSHA通过调控细胞周期相关蛋白来诱导HCC细胞周期阻滞,抑制细胞增殖.这一作用是通过肝癌细胞表面的甘露糖的介导实现的.     

Immunization against urinary tract infection with a multi-valent vaginal vaccine

Systemic and local immune responses are thought to play an important role in susceptibility to urinary tract infection. In an attempt to boost local immunity, a vaccine was administered parenterally or vaginally to two mouse strains. Both routes of immunization increased the number of splenic antibody-forming cells against the bacterial strains in the vaccine. Following vaginal or parenteral immunization and subsequent induction of cystitis with live E. coli, immunized animals had fewer viable bladder E. coli than non-immunized animals.     

Protection by a polyvalent vaccine against challenge infection and pyelonephritis

Summary The protective effect of immunization with a polyvalent vaccine (SolcoUrovac) was studied in the mouse and the rat. The i.m. immunization increased the resistance of mice to challenge infection with all homologous strains of bacteria. The LD₅₀ values for E. coli, Proteus mirabilis and Streptococcus were 3.5–4.5 times and that of Klebsiella as much as 600 times that in nonimmunized mice. Protection against challenge with heterologous E. coli was also achieved and persisted for about 20 weeks. Immunization with the vaccine also provided marked protection against pyelonephritis in rats. Kidneys with abscesses were seen only one-third as often as in controls, and the size of the individual abscesses was substantially smaller in the vaccinated animals. Based on the quantity of bacteria in the kidneys it was postulated that the vaccination increased the clearance of bacteria.     

重组β-防御素-2对呼吸道绿脓杆菌感染大鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用

目的 观察重组β-防御素-2对呼吸道绿脓杆菌感染大鼠急性肺损伤(ALI)的保护作用。 方法10只清洁级雄性成年SD大鼠,随机分为防御素组和对照组,每组5只。防御素组大鼠暴露声 门后,气管内滴注5×107PFU／ml重组腺病毒(含有β-防御素-2编码基因)50μl,对照组给予等量对照腺 病毒(不含β-防御素-2编码基因)。48 h后两组气管内滴注6×108CFU／ml绿脓杆菌ATCC27853 200μl, 制备绿脓杆菌感染致ALI模型。气管内滴注绿脓杆菌24 h后处死大鼠,采集肺泡灌洗液,进行绿脓杆 菌菌落数和白细胞计数;观察肺组织病理学变化,并测定肺组织细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)表达水 平。结果与对照组比较,防御素组BALF中绿脓杆菌菌落数、白细胞计数、肺组织ICAM-1表达水平 及肺病理组织学评分降低(P<0．05)。结论重组β-防御素-2对呼吸道绿脓杆菌感染大鼠ALI有一 定的保护作用,可能与其杀菌作用和下调肺组织ICAM-1的表达有关。     

A large animal model of pseudomonas pneumonia

Studies of the pathophysiology of gram-negative pneumonia have been hampered by many different factors. These have included the use of small animal models, the accompaniment of anesthesia, and the problem of studying an animal at only one given point in the time course of the pneumonitis. We report here the development of a large animal model of pseudomonas pneumonia. The model allows one to study many of the pathophysiological changes associated with gram-negative pneumonia over a prolonged time frame. General anesthesia is not required. Light ketamine anesthesia was employed during the insertion of monitoring lines and during the endobronchial instillation of bacteria. During both of these procedures the animals were able to breathe spontaneously and no periods of respiratory depression or hypotension were observed. Once pneumonia was established, no sedation of any kind was required. Thus the model appears to have clinical relevance.     

Enhanced recovery of pseudomonas from blood cultures

Pseudomonas and staphylococcal septicaemia are frequent complications of paediatric patients with significant burns. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment afford the greatest likelihood of clinical response. Blood cultures from these patients may be negative or may become positive only after prolonged incubation. To evaluate more rapid culture methods for precise diagnosis, an in vitro study was done. The effects of venting and/or rotating on low inocula blood cultures was evaluated. Both venting and rotating contributed to more rapid bacterial growth and the effects were additive, affording a much more rapid and, therefore, potentially more useful culture method.     

Urinary antibody response after immunisation with a vaccine against urinary tract infection

Summary Immunisation of mice with SolcoUrovac^® vaccine induced an approximately 10-fold increase of the total amount of IgG and a 2-fold increase of IgA immunoglobulins in urine. IgG antibodies to Solco-Urovac antigens appeared in urine after the first injection, and booster injections caused a further increase of the titer. IgA antibodies appeared in the urine after the second injection, and the third injection doubled the titer. IgM immunoglobulins and specific IgM class antibodies to Solco Urovac were not found in any urine tested. The exact origin of the immunoglobulins in the urine as well as the spcificity of immune response is discussed.