THE PROGRAMME OF WORK OF COMMITTEE 2 OF ICRP ON INTERNAL DOSIMETRY

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CONTROL OF HAZARD

Once the hazardous factor js identifjed,and the problera is evaluated, the hygjenist's consecutive step is to design a control strategy or plan to reduce the exposure to meet the regulation. However, the key role must be played by the manager or supervisor. Because it is his responsibility to provide and maintain a healthy working condition and keep observance to authorities' regulation. Chief control measures are: (1)engineering control; (2)administzati-     

TYRANNY OF DISTANCE? THE HEALTH OF MID-AGE WOMEN LIVING IN FIVE GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS OF AUSTRALIA

Over 14 000 women aged 45–50 are participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, which is designed to track the health of Australian women for 20 years, and to understand lifestyle and healthcare factors that influence women's health. The study deliberately overrepresents women from rural and remote areas. This analysis of baseline data from the study compares the responses of women living in urban areas (capital city, other metropolitan), large rural centres, small rural centres, other rural areas and remote areas (remote centres, other remote areas) of Australia. The data show that while women in this age group who live in rural and remote areas have similar levels of self-rated health, they have significantly fewer visits to general practitioners and specialists ( P < 0.001) and more visits to alternative healthcare providers than women living in urban areas. Rural and remote area women were also more likely to undergo gynaecological surgery than women living in urban areas ( P < 0.001). Other results suggest that being overweight is more common among women from rural and remote areas, and that these women also report lower levels of stress than women from urban areas ( P < 0.001). Further follow up will allow any divergence in health and healthcare equity to be explored as these women get older.     

SELECTION OF THE SUITABLE TIME TO FIRST OPERATION OF HEPATOLITH

目的探讨临床诊断肝胆管结石的患者的手术时机选择，对治疗效果及其术后并发症的影响。方法回顾性分析1996～2005年本院收治的85例肝胆管结石患者的手术时机选择，手术方式与术后并发症及结石残留等的关系情况。结果术前4周内曾有胆管炎发作症状（急症期）而行手术治疗31例中，术后结石残留率38．7％（12／31）；术前胆管炎控制以后4周（择期手术）才行手术治疗54例中，术后结石残留率20．4％（11／54）。急症期与择期手术组结石残留率比较差异具有统计学意义（p〈0．05）。结论根据肝胆管结石的临床表现，严格掌握手术指征，选择手术时机，避免急症期内被动手术和减少再次手术率，可减少术后并发症和残留结石发生，提高疗效。     

PROTECTION AND APPLICATION OF DATA SAFETY IN INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION OF HOSPITAL

本文结合我院信息化中数据安全建设实例,从医院信息安全、数据安全防护手段、双机容错产品选择和应用、备份及灾难恢复等方面来探讨医院信息建设中数据安全防护与应用。     

EVALUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS

Evaluation consists of the sampling, measuring and making judgement as whether a health hazard exists. SAMPLING There are several basic kinds of samples. The instaneous "grab sample" gives the concentration of the substances at the instant the sample is taken. It is a quick test which is ideal for determining peak concentrations of brief duration. It can also be used to look for imminent danger. A personal sample involves attaching a sampling device to the employee who wears it during all rest and work operations. This is measuring the concentration of a substance in the "breathing zone" of the employee throughout a workday.     

EXERCISE OF PACS SYSTEM

数字化医院是21世纪医院现代化的发展方向,是远程医疗的基础,其目的是在于改善医疗服务,共享医疗保健资源,提高医疗效率和质量。中山市人民医院在院党委的正确领导下探索出了一条科技创新的路子。率先应用PACS再造了医院管理运作模式和工作流程,使各方面的效率都有了很大提高,实现了管理效益、社会效益、经济效益的多赢,目前已取得丰硕的信息化建设成果。1应用PACS系统核心思想一是建立在“以病人为中心,服务于临床”基础上,将医院临床诊断、治疗、护理和服务、质控和病案管理等业务流程整合为一个紧密关联的供应链,为医院决策、管理者…     

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NETWORKING ECONOMIC INFORMATION MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITAL AND ITS BENEFIT

医院网络化经济信息管理的特点管理数据化;方法系统化;决策网络化;流程标准化;队伍知识多元化。因而信息产生及时、完整,管理规范、共享性强等,效果是节约人力,提高效率,有效地控制成本,透明度高,有利于化解医患矛盾,开拓医疗市场。     

THE INFLUENCE OF THE PERCEIVED QUALITY OF COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTS ON LOW-INCOME WOMEN’S EFFORTS TO WALK MORE

There is increasing interest in how the quality of community environments influences health. We present the results of a pilot study designed to encourage overweight and obese low-income women to increase their level of physical activity, and explore the factors that either support or constrain their walking. The findings suggest that even relatively small increases in lifestyle physical activity among overweight or obese low-income women (an increase in 2,000 steps per day) can lead to significant weight loss. The interviews we carried out with study participants suggest there are several ways in which the perceived quality of community environments affects low-income women’s efforts to increase their steps. Having friends and family living within walking distance was supportive of participant’s efforts, in some cases because their homes represented places to walk to, and in others because in addition, friends and family were walking companions. The perceived lack of safety participants reported as a constraint to walking reflected in some cases the fear of being assaulted or harassed, and in others the fear that passers-by would not stop to help if needed. Our findings point to the importance of including community-level interventions that address residents’ safety and security concerns, along with future efforts to increase physical activity and decrease obesity among low-socioeconomic status groups.Rebecca Miles, PhD is Associate Professor, Florida State University; Lynn Panton, PhD, FACSM is Assistant Professor, Florida State University     

AT—OF2转换接头的改进

我院检验科自１９９９年引进丹麦雷度血气仪ＡＢＬ５０型号 ,该血气仪使用一直很稳定 ,但遇到过１例比较特殊的故障 ,现写出供同行参考。故障现象定标不能接收 ,仪器故障提示是气体出错（ＧａｓＥｒｒｏｒ）。处理结果通过雷度血气仪维修手册提示 ,进入维修程序 ,分别检查丹麦雷度血气的专利气体混合器和相应管道全部正常 ,更换了备用的ＰＣＯ２ 和ＰＯ２ 电极 ,故障依旧 ,最后仔细彻底地清洁废液盖上所有的废液通道后 ,仪器马上恢复正常定标 ,以后在仪器使用一段时间后 ,我们非常注意废液瓶盖上废液通道的清洁 ,避免了该类故障的出现。原因…     

葡萄球菌单管OF培养基研制及实验应用

葡萄球菌单管ＯＦ培养基研制及实验应用黑龙江省哈尔滨市卫生防疫站（１５００１０）王艳徐迪诚张丹荧ＯＦ试验（ｏｘｉｄａｔｉｖｅｆｅｒｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎ）是用来检测细菌氧化发酵糖类的一种重要方法，在细菌的分类鉴定程序上，ＯＦ试验是必不可少的［１］。现在常用...