矿化蚕丝基骨材料的生物相容性及体内降解的观察

目的探讨仿生制备的矿化蚕丝基骨材料在大鼠体内的生物相容性及体内降解性。方法成年雄性SD大鼠16只,体重230-300克。在背部肌肉内和腹腔内植入矿化蚕丝基骨材料,观察时间阶段为2周,4周,6周,8周。结果分别在术后2周,4周,6周,8周,行大体观察,细胞毒性研究,组织学切片观察材料的情况,植入2周后出现炎症反应明显,材料框架基本存在,术后8周大鼠体内植入的矿化蚕丝基骨材料没有明显的排异反应,而且大部分被吸收。结论矿化蚕丝基骨材料具有良好的生物相容性和适宜的生物降解性能,是比较理想的骨缺损的替代材料。     

小鼠牙胚在肾包膜及口腔黏膜环境下成牙能力的比较研究

目的:通过对比分析肾包膜和口腔黏膜环境对小鼠牙胚成牙的适宜度,期望为牙齿再生技术探寻较为理想的培养环境。方法:构建小鼠牙胚肾包膜下及口腔黏膜下移植模型,将14.5 d胚龄(ED14.5)的胚鼠下颌第1磨牙牙胚分别移入肾包膜及口腔黏膜下,于植入后3、4周取材,进行大体标本观察、组织学切片分析、硬度、弹性模量测定及拉曼光谱分析等,以观察牙胚的成牙情况。结果:(1)牙胚在肾包膜下及口腔黏膜下均可发育成牙齿状结构,但口腔黏膜组在各时点牙冠体积均小于肾包膜组,且牙齿尖窝发育状态不如肾包膜组明显。(2)组织切片染色显示:在口腔黏膜下形成的牙釉质层和牙本质层比肾包膜组薄,成釉细胞及成牙本质细胞分化不明显。(3)在釉质的硬度比较上,仅口腔黏膜4周组的釉质硬度比正常鼠牙低(P0.05);在釉质的弹性模量比较上,肾包膜下3周后的移植物釉质弹性模量比成年鼠牙略低,但差别无统计学意义(P0.05),肾包膜下4周和口腔黏膜下4周后的移植物釉质弹性模量均低于正常鼠牙和肾包膜3周的釉质弹性模量(P0.01);各组间牙本质的硬度及弹性模量无显著差异(P0.05)。(4)拉曼光谱分析结果显示:2组的拉曼光谱趋势基本一致,在961 cm-1处有最大峰值,但是在2 947 cm-1处,口腔黏膜3周组有明显的峰值,远高于其它各组。结论:(1)对于ED14.5的牙胚来说,相对口腔黏膜环境而言,肾包膜下环境培育3~4周更能发育成相对完整的牙齿。(2)口腔黏膜环境所形成牙齿的诸多性状与肾包膜环境下发育的牙齿相比虽有差异,但其对牙胚的生长发育还是具有一定的影响。     

氧化锆及4种全冠修复材料磨耗性能的对比

背景：氧化锆陶瓷是近年来新兴的一种口腔修复材料,因其美观性及生物相容性好而受到患者的欢迎,但目前关于其与对颌天然牙磨耗性能方面的研究较少。 目的：观察氧化锆与其他4种临床常用的全冠修复材料与滑石瓷对磨时对其造成的体积损失量,并与天然牙比较,研究氧化锆及另外4种修复材料的磨耗差异。 方法：将氧化锆陶瓷,vita陶瓷,金钯合金,镍铬合金,钴铬合金及对照组天然牙釉质作为上试件,分别安装于磨耗机上部夹具中,将滑石瓷作为下试件,分别安装于磨耗机下部夹具中,在人工唾液环境下进行加载磨耗实验,计算上下试件的体积损失量;使用纤维硬度测试仪对上述试件进行硬度测试;扫描电镜下观察试件表面磨耗形态。 结果与结论：5种材料所致的滑石瓷体积损失量均大于对照组滑石瓷体积损失量    (P < 0.05);氧化锆陶瓷硬度值最高,自身及对磨滑石瓷体积损失量最大;金钯合金硬度值最小,自身及对磨滑石瓷体积损失量最接近天然牙;5种材料的硬度与其导致的对磨滑石瓷体积损失量呈显著正相关 (P < 0.05)。氧化锆及vita陶瓷主要为磨粒磨损,表面沟裂突起样结构明显、磨耗犁沟深、形态不规则,磨耗面可见散在气孔结构。钴铬合金磨耗面相对光滑,表面磨耗犁沟较浅,磨耗面散在金属磨粒;镍铬合金磨耗犁沟深而宽,磨耗面存在大量金属磨粒;金钯合金磨耗犁沟均匀分布,偶见剥脱斑块,斑块内金属磨粒附着。表明氧化锆陶瓷在临床中容易造成对颌天然牙的过度磨耗,永久黏固前应对其进行精细抛光;金钯合金的磨耗性能与天然牙最接近且最优,是较好的后牙区全冠修复材料;口腔修复材料的硬度值不能代表其磨耗性能大小,应综合考虑材料表面的微观结构等因素,采取措施发挥各种材料优势。     

玻璃化冷冻保存组织工程肌腱植入大鼠体内的组织学变化

背景：应用玻璃化冷冻方法保存组织工程肌腱具有可行性和应用前景,有待进一步研究。 目的：探讨应用玻璃化冷冻保存组织工程肌腱体内植入对大鼠跟腱缺损修复的影响。 方法：选用成年SD大鼠64只,于大鼠跟腱中段制备5 mm肌腱缺损模型,随机摸球法均分为2组,分别植入玻璃化冷冻保存组织工程肌腱和新鲜非冷冻保存组织工程肌腱。植入后2,4,6,8周,观察植入肌腱材料及周围组织的大体形态和组织学变化。 结果与结论：两组肌腱材料体内植入后的大体形态和组织学反应无明显差异。植入后2,4周,植入的肌腱材料发生降解,材料中间及周围有大量炎性细胞浸润和纤维结缔组织增生。植入后6,8周,大量新生胶原纤维组织长入并替代降解的植入材料,形态和排列方式趋近于正常肌腱组织,大鼠跟腱缺损基本修复。结果表明玻璃化冷冻保存组织工程肌腱体内植入可修复大鼠跟腱缺损。     

多孔丝素材料组织相容性的初步研究

背景：丝素蛋白支架材料被植入生物体内后会发生降解且无法完全与宿主组织分离,这类材料生物相容性的研究大多为体外实验,其体内的组织相容性和降解过程的研究结果仍不充分。 目的：初步观察多孔丝素材料的体内组织相容性。 方法：将多孔丝素支架埋藏于SD大鼠背部皮下,术后2,4,6,8周分别取材,对伤口局部及材料情况大体观察,然后材料切片苏木精-伊红染色行组织学观察。 结果与结论：动物伤口愈合良好,多孔丝素表面形成极薄的纤维包裹,周围组织反应轻微。组织切片见炎细胞浸润,以巨噬细胞为主,支架材料边缘孔隙内有成纤维细胞和毛细血管长入。8周时材料边缘部分可见支架结构崩解现象,而材料内部变化不大。结果显示组织细胞可以沿多孔丝素支架表面贴附生长,提示支架材料具有较好的组织相容性。     

口腔修复陶瓷材料的磨损性能北大核心

背景:陶瓷材料因具有优良的机械性能、与口腔组织良好的生物相容性及高度美观性广泛应用于口腔修复领域,良好的磨损性能对修复体临床应用有重要意义。目的:综述口腔修复陶瓷材料磨损性能机制及临床研究,以期为临床选择适宜的陶瓷材料提供思路。方法:应用计算机在PubMed和Web of Science数据库检索在2016年1月至2021年4月期间涉及口腔修复陶瓷材料磨损性能的相关研究。英文检索词为“dental ceramic material,wear property”,最终共纳入36篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:①全瓷材料自身耐磨性均高于树脂陶瓷复合材料,全瓷材料中氧化锆陶瓷磨损性能最佳,美学性能较弱。②玻璃陶瓷中氧化锆加强型硅酸锂玻璃陶瓷磨损性能较好,但应用时间较短,长期疗效还有待更多的研究证实。③树脂陶瓷复合材料中树脂纳米陶瓷材料磨损性能优于聚合物渗透陶瓷。④在后牙区全冠修复可选择氧化锆陶瓷,前牙区全冠修复可以根据患者的美学需求选择高透性氧化锆陶瓷或玻璃陶瓷。⑤贴面、嵌体和高嵌体修复可选择长石瓷、玻璃陶瓷和树脂陶瓷复合材料,但树脂陶瓷复合材料耐磨性差,需避免用于高应力承载区。⑥对牙本质暴露、氟斑牙和牙齿酸蚀症患者可考虑树脂纳米陶瓷材料,但这类患者适宜的陶瓷材料相关研究较少。⑦表面粗糙度对陶瓷材料的磨损性能有显著影响,临床口腔修复应用中采用良好的抛光表面可提高陶瓷材料磨损性能,而且对修复体进行定期复查也至关重要。     

脱细胞猪小肠黏膜下层的组织相容性

目的:制备脱细胞猪小肠黏膜下层(SIS),研究其用作组织工程支架材料的组织相容性。方法:0.1%十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)处理新鲜猪SIS 30min制备脱细胞SIS,H-E、4,6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚(DAPI)及天狼星红染色观察脱细胞前后SIS的生物学特性,将其植入SD大鼠背部皮下,检测其组织相容性,对照组SD大鼠植入未脱细胞的正常SIS作为阳性对照。结果:脱细胞SIS呈白色、半透明的膜状物,具有良好的弹性及柔韧性;H-E、DAPI及天狼星红染色光学显微镜观察结果显示脱细胞SIS无细胞及DNA残留,组织结构保留完整,胶原纤维间孔隙率增加;皮下埋植术后全部动物存活,各时间段脱细胞SIS植入组大鼠创口周围皮肤愈合良好,无红肿、渗出等炎症反应。组织学观察脱细胞SIS植入早期结构完整;随着植入时间的延长,脱细胞SIS逐渐降解,结构松散。脱细胞SIS植片周围炎症细胞数明显少于正常SIS植入组。结论:脱细胞猪SIS植入SD大鼠体内具有良好的组织相容性,未引起明显的炎症反应,是一种理想的组织工程支架材料。     

人脐带胶在豚鼠眼睑原位重建中的应用

背景：健康新生儿脐带胶是一种无血管的黏液结缔组织,有一定的弹性和韧性,含有溶菌酶、胎盘球蛋白、透明质酸酶、AMP抗体和补体系统,不容易发生感染和排斥反应,还含有较多的间充质干细胞,临床已被用于眼部整形手术。 目的：观察脐带胶作为睑板替代物在豚鼠上眼睑重建中的组织相容性和组织病理变化。 方法：取健康新生儿脐带中的黏液结缔组织-脐带胶,制备成厚薄相近的组织块;同时制作豚鼠睑板全层缺损模型并植入脐带胶组织块,观察动物大体情况,分别于脐带胶植入后1,2,3周取其交界处眼睑组织,光镜下观察组织学改变。 结果与结论：所有动物在植入脐带胶材料后均未发生感染、脱位等情况,所有动物角膜上皮完整,无角膜上皮脱落。脐带胶代替睑板植入后1周时,结膜红润,切口无红肿等排斥反应发生,角膜上皮完整,眼睑运动可;脐带胶与肌肉间的炎性细胞浸润。植入后2周时结膜面红润,切口无红肿,无分泌物增多等排斥反应发生,角膜上皮完整,眼睑及眼球运动良好,无睑球粘连发生;脐带胶有溶解吸收倾向,炎性细胞不明显。植入3周时结膜切口愈合良好,角膜上皮完整,眼睑柔软,形态与对侧眼无明显区别;脐带胶部分吸收,其周边有新的纤维生成,无炎性细胞。说明脐带胶的免疫原性低,可引导新生胶原的生长,是一种良好的睑板替代物。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

β型钛合金材料的生物相容性评价

背景:前期大量研究证实钛及钛合金具有良好的生物相容性和较强的耐腐蚀性,β钛合金以其高机械强度、低弹性模量,使其成为目前最具有吸引力的金属生物医学应用材料。目的:评价两种新型β型钛合金材料TLE(Ti-(3～6)Zr-(2～4)Mo-(24～27)Nb),TLM2(Ti-(1.5～4.5)Zr-(0.5～5.5)Sn-(1.5～4.4)Mo-(23.5～26.5)Nb)的生物相容性。方法:取健康成年新西兰兔30只,随机抽签法分为皮下植入组和肌肉植入组。将2种新型钛合金TLE、TLM2加工成圆柱形实验试件,分别植入家兔大腿皮下和背侧肌肉内。对照材料(Ti-6Al-4V)同法植入同一动物的对侧相同部位。依据GB/T16886.6-1997标准,在1,2,6,12,24周取标本大体观察纤维包膜的形态,光学显微镜下观察皮下和肌肉组试件与周围组织界面反应情况,苏木精-伊红染色进行组织学观察。结果与结论:植入2,6,12,24周后,试件周围均形成了血管化的包膜,随着植入时间的延长包膜逐渐变薄、透明度增高,包膜内毛细血管的数量增加。肌肉植入组包膜厚度在6,12周时比皮下植入组薄,炎细胞主要是中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞、多核巨细胞、淋巴细胞和浆细胞,随着时间的延长,各类炎细胞的数量逐渐减少,12周后中性粒细胞数量明显减少,淋巴细胞和浆细胞随时间延长数量逐渐变少,24周时均未见中性粒细胞。说明TLE,TLM2新型医用钛合金生物相容性好,具有良好的临床应用前景。     

饰瓷温度烧结对氧化锆陶瓷与树脂黏结剂剪切强度的影响

背景：研究已证实硅烷偶联剂和喷砂等表面处理方式,以及增加氧化锆陶瓷表面的微裂纹可提高氧化锆陶瓷与树脂黏结剂间的黏结强度,但有关多次反复烧结是否会对氧化锆陶瓷黏结剪切强度产生影响尚缺少相关研究。 目的：测试饰瓷温度烧结对牙科氧化锆陶瓷与树脂黏结剂黏结剪切强度的影响。 方法：从40片氧化锆瓷片随机选择20片,分成 5组,按照常规烧结程序分别烧结0(对照组),2,4,6,8次,热处理起始温度为500 ℃,最终温度1 000 ℃,升温速率55 ℃/min,抽真空时间7 min。每次烧结最终温度恒定不变。将各组分别用树脂黏结剂与剩余未烧结的陶瓷片对位黏结,用万能材料试验机测黏结界面的剪切强度;使用扫描电镜观察剪切后的试件断面形貌。 结果与结论：烧结4,6,8次组试件剪切强度高于对照组(P < 0.05);烧结2次组试件剪切强度稍高于对照组,但差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);烧结8次组试件剪切强度高于烧结4,6次组(P < 0.05)。未烧结氧化锆陶瓷表面未见裂纹;经过2次烧结后表面可见细微裂纹;经过4次烧结后表面可见裂纹增多;经过6次烧结后表面已经开始有明显变化,裂纹增多并伴有细微空隙产生,少量黏结剂残留;经过8次烧结后表面可见裂纹与空隙明显增多并有黏结剂残留。表明经过4,6,8次烧结后的氧化锆陶瓷对树脂黏结剂有较好的黏结剪切强度,烧结8次后的黏结剪切强度最强。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

Cytological evaluation of the tissue-implant reaction associated with subcutaneous implantation of polymers coated with titaniumcarboxonitride in vivo

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of titanium-coated polymers on the inflammatory response and remodeling of connective tissue during wound-healing processes. Discs of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) and silicone as well as high-weight meshes of polypropylene (PP) were coated with a titaniumcarboxonitride (Ti(C,N,O)) layer by a plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition process (PACVD) and implanted subcutaneously in the dorsal lumbar region of Wistar rats. Light microscopic and histological evaluation of capsule thickness, capsule quality, implant-tissue interface and collagen composition was performed 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-operatively. All implants were surrounded by a fibrous capsule with decreasing thickness after 2-4 weeks post-implantation. Titaniumcarboxonitride-coated polymers showed no significant differences in capsule thickness and inflammatory cellular response. An increased collagen type III/I ratio, especially for titaniumcarboxonitride-coated materials, was found in week one after implantation remaining elevated up to week 4. This might be associated with disordered collagen metabolism and immature scar reaction. In contrast to previous in vitro experiments, Ti-coating of polymers did not improve biocompatibility after subcutaneous implantation in rats. Material reduction to low-weight meshes and enlargement of pore size may demonstrate a benefit of Ti-coated meshes with an increased biocompatibility.     

Characterization of angiogenesis and inflammation surrounding ePTFE implanted on the epicardium

The response of epicardial tissue to the implantation of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) was evaluated and compared with identical material implanted within subcutaneous and adipose tissues. These two tissue environments were selected for comparison with epicardial implants because they represent tissue often involved in device implantation. Discs of ePTFE (6 mm) were implanted into three different tissue sites in Sprague-Dawley rats. At 5 weeks, polymers and surrounding tissues were harvested and processed for light microscopy. General histology and histochemistry data indicated all polymers to be well incorporated with new tissue. Subcutaneous implants were covered by a dense fibrous capsule (55-70 microm). Epicardial and adipose implants had no fibrous capsule and a significantly greater number of microvessels (arterioles, capillaries, and venules) within the surrounding tissues compared with subcutaneous implants. An increased level of inflammation was also observed around epicardial implants compared with the other implants. Additionally, the new vasculature surrounding epicardially implanted ePTFE revealed an altered microvessel density and vessel type distribution compared with normal (control) epicardium. These results suggest that epicardial tissue responds to implanted ePTFE with a robust inflammatory response that may support the formation of a new microvasculature that is uniquely different from the native epicardial microvasculature.     

In vivo bone tissue response to a canasite glass-ceramic

The aim of this study was to determine the biocompatibility and osteoconductive potential of a high-strength canasite glass ceramic. Glass-ceramic rods were produced using the lost-wax casting technique and implanted in the mid-shafts rabbit femurs. Implants were harvested at 4, 13 and 22 weeks and prepared for light and electron microscopy. Hydroxyapatite was used as a control material. Hydroxyapatite implants were surrounded by new mineralised bone tissue after 4 weeks of implantation. The amount of bone surrounding the implant increased slightly at 13 weeks. In contrast, canasite glass and glass ceramic implants were almost entirely surrounded by soft tissue during all the time periods. Close contact between bone and canasite glass-ceramic implant without the intervening fibrous tissue was observed in only a few regions. The canasite formulation evaluated was not osteoconductive and appeared to degrade in the biological environment. It was therefore concluded that the canasite formulation used was unsuitable for use as implant. Further work is required to improve the biocompatibility of these materials with bone tissue. It is possible that this could be achieved by reducing the solubility of the glass and glass ceramic.     

Denucleation promotes neovascularization of ePTFE in vivo

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) implants are being increasingly used as vascular prostheses and other devices. However the tissue response associated with this and other polymer implants continues to limit any long-term function. One of the major approaches currently being investigated to improve biocompatibility involves surface modification of the base polymer. In this report, we attempted to alter the healing characteristics of ePTFE by denucleation, a process which removes air trapped within the interstices of the material. Additionally, adsorption of extracellular proteins on the denucleated polymer was also tested. After 5 weeks implanted in subcutaneous and epididymal fat sites of rats, the material was explanted and the healing around the implant evaluated histologically. We found that in skin implants, denucleation alone resulted in a substantial reduction in the fibrous capsule which has been previously reported for untreated ePTFE, and an increase in blood vessel development around and within the polymer. Absorption of extracellular matrix proteins prior to implantation resulted in a reduced vascularity of the implants compared with denucleation-only implants. Implants in fat tissue, regardless of treatment, showed very little tissue reaction, either in the number of inflammatory cells, development of a fibrous capsule or neovascularization. These results suggest that the presence of air nuclei within porous material may contribute to the inappropriate healing response associated with these polymers. In addition, they confirm earlier reports that healing around implanted polymers is tissue-specific.     

煅烧骨的安全性

背景：经高温处理的煅烧骨具有类似自然骨的连续微孔结构,良好的生物相容性和降解性。 目的：观察牛煅烧骨的生物相容性、细胞相容性及毒性。 方法：①细胞相容性实验：将牛煅烧骨与第3 代已诱导的Wistar大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞复合培养。②溶血实验：将煅烧骨浸提液、生理盐水与双蒸水加入兔血中。③凝血实验：将煅烧骨加入兔血浆中。④急性毒性实验：在昆明种小鼠尾静脉分别注射煅烧骨浸提液、生理盐水。⑤微核实验：在小鼠腹腔分别注射煅烧骨浸提液、生理盐水与环磷酰胺。⑥局部刺激性实验：将煅烧骨浸提液、生理盐水分别注射于兔两侧脊柱皮下。⑦热源检测实验：在兔耳静脉注射煅烧骨浸提液。⑧皮下植入实验：将煅烧骨材料植入Wistar大鼠背部皮下。 结果与结论：煅烧骨材料无细胞毒性,具有良好的细胞及血液相容性;对皮肤、肌肉无刺激作用;对心、肝、肾重要器官无毒性作用;皮下植入后对周围组织无刺激作用,能够部分降解吸收并被机体组织替代;无致热作用,对凝血功能无影响,对小鼠骨髓细胞无抑制及毒性作用。     

Soft tissue response to a new austenitic stainless steel with a negligible nickel content

This study evaluates the soft tissue response to a new austenitic stainless steel with a low nickel content (P558) in comparison with a conventional stainless steel (SSt)and a titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). Previous findings showed its in vitro biocompatibility by culturing P558 with healthy and osteoporotic osteoblasts and its in vivo effectiveness as bone implant material. Regarding its use as a material in osteosynthesis,P558 biocompatibility when implanted in soft tissues, as subcutis and muscle, was assessed. Disks and rods of these metals were implanted in rat subcutis and in rabbit muscle, respectively. Four and twelve weeks post surgery implants with surrounding tissue were retrieved for histologic and histomorphometric analysis: fibrous capsule thickness and new vessel formation were measured. Around all implanted materials, light microscopy highlighted a reactive and fibrous capsule formation coupled with ongoing neoangiogenesis both in rats and in rabbits. Histomorphometric measurements revealed a stronger inflammatory response,in terms of capsule thickness,surrounding SSt implants (9.8% Ni content) both in rat subcutis and in rabbit muscle independently of shape and site of implantation. A progressive decrease in capsule thickness around P558 (<0.02% Ni content) and Ti6Al4V, respectively, was seen. Regarding new vessel density, the data showed a different response dependent on the site of implantation. However,in the light of the previous and present studies, P558 is a good material, instead of titanium alloys, in orthopedic research.     

Microgrooved silicone subcutaneous implants in guinea pigs

Cell-substratum interactions are of fundamental importance for the reaction of body tissues to surgically implanted foreign materials. In our study we investigated the influence of 2 microm wide microgrooves, with various depths (0.5-6 microm), on capsule formation around subcutaneous silicone implants, in an animal experiment. Silicone sheets with microtexture were glued around silicone tubes. These implants were placed subcutaneously in eight guinea pigs for 10 weeks. The implanted tubes were removed including all surrounding tissues, and processed for light microscopy and subsequent histomorphometrical evaluation. All removed implants were surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule, and it was observed that this capsule was separated from the implants by a thin, single layer of mono- and multinucleated phagocytotic cells. In histomorphometry no significant differences were seen in relation to the reaction towards the various textures. We conclude that microtextures do not have an effect on the morphological characteristics of capsule formation around silicone implants in soft tissue.     

Histological biocompatibility of new, non-absorbable glaucoma deep sclerectomy implant

We performed this study to compare the intrascleral biocompatibility of three materials: non-absorbable hydrogel contact lens polymer, non-absorbable silicone rubber, and absorbable cross-linked sodium hyaluronate. Intrascleral implantation of three different materials was performed in 13 healthy, pigmented rabbits. Implants of methacrylic hydrogel, silicone rubber, and cross-linked sodium hyaluronate were implanted in 10, 8, and 8 eyes, respectively. The animals were euthanized at 7, 30, 180, and 360 days post implantation. The eyes were enucleated and immediately fixed in 10% buffered formalin. Semithin sections were cut and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Light microscope analysis of the specimens was performed. The least severe inflammatory reaction was observed with cross-linked sodium hyaluronate implants. The number of inflammatory cells in proximity to methacrylic hydrogel and silicone implants at all periods of follow up was similar. The thickest fibrous capsule was observed with silicone implants (average, 28.38 +/- 11.17 microm). This area was thinner with methacrylic hydrogel implants (average, 14.90 +/- 5.57 microm) and was thinnest around sodium hyaluronate implants (average, 7.21 +/- 2.33 microm). For each type of implant, the wall on the conjunctival side of the fibrous capsule was significantly thicker than the wall on the choiroidal side. The space between the implant, scleral flap, and bed was filled soon after surgery with connective tissue rich in vessels. In our study, cross-linked sodium hyaluronate had the highest intrascleral biocompatibility. Although the inflammatory responses of the sclera to methacrylic hydrogel and silicone rubber were similar in nature, a thicker fibrous capsule was generated around silicone implants.     

不同材料烤瓷冠在后牙种植修复中的对比

背景：种植体上部结构牙冠材料的选择十分重要,其临床修复效果直接影响到种植体的寿命和患者的牙周健康状况。 目的：比较Lava氧化锆全瓷、金铂合金烤瓷与银钯合金烤瓷冠在后牙单颗缺失口腔种植修复中的临床效果。 方法：选择60例120颗第一磨牙缺失病例,完成单颗牙缺失种植牙修复治疗,上部结构修复牙冠材料分别为Lava氧化锆全瓷冠、金铂合金烤瓷冠与银钯合金烤瓷冠,每种材料40颗,比较3种修复体的临床修复效果。 结果与结论：通过6-48个月的随访发现,Lava氧化锆全瓷冠组和金铂合金烤瓷冠组的牙龈边缘着色、龈缘密合度、修复体颜色优于银钯合金烤瓷冠组,Lava氧化锆全瓷冠组的牙龈边缘着色和修复体颜色优于金铂合金烤瓷冠组,金铂合金烤瓷冠组的龈缘密合度优于Lava氧化锆全瓷冠组;银钯合金烤瓷冠抗折程度最强,最具临床优越性,但其牙龈指数最高,牙龈健康程度最差,菌斑形成速度最快、程度最重。由此可见,在种植修复完成后需要选择较为适合的冠部修复体进行种植修复,Lava氧化锆全瓷冠具有卓越的生物相容性,而金铂合金烤瓷冠在边缘密合性方面更具优势,此两种修复体在临床治疗中具有一定的优势。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

The effect of bone anchoring and micro-grooves on the soft tissue reaction to implants

Here we aimed to compare the tissue reaction to smooth and micro-grooved implants, at different implantation sites. We hypothesised that subperiosteally less mobility is to be expected between an implant and the surrounding tissue, which can lead to a more subdued tissue response. In addition, we hypothesised that a similar effect can be reached when substrata are equipped with micro-grooves. Poly-L-lactic acid smooth or micro-grooved surfaces (width 2 or 10 microm, depth 1 microm) were implanted subperiosteally on the frontal bone of the skull, or subcutaneously in the flanks of goats for 2, 4 and 12 weeks. After sacrifice, implants and surrounding tissue were histologically processed. Light microscopical and histomorphometrical evaluation of the histomorphometrical analyses, capsule thickness, capsule quality and implant-tissue interface was performed. In addition, we stained for alpha-smooth muscle actin. collagen and CD-68 expression. All implants were surrounded by a fibrous capsule. Capsules around subperiosteal implants were more matured than around subcutaneous implants. In time, capsule thickness significantly decreased around subperiosteal implants, but increased around subcutaneous implants. Also, nowhere differences were found in the presence of collagen or alpha-smooth muscle actin. The interfacial cells around all implants frequently showed staining for the monocyte-macrophage marker CD-68. We concluded that in this model, decreased mobility of an implant relative to the surrounding tissue did positively influence the peri-implant tissue response, but the applied surface topography did not.