应用主动脉内球囊反搏结合血管重建术治疗急性心肌梗死并发泵衰竭患者的效果

目的:观察应用主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）结合血管重建术治疗急性心肌梗死并发泵衰竭患者的效果。方法: 2004年12月~2010年12月我院确诊急性心肌梗死并发泵衰竭并应用IABP的住院患者75（男54,女21）例。按是否做血管重建术分为两组:血管重建组和非血管重建组。所有患者均在药物治疗的基础上行IABP,所用反搏仪为AUTO CAT2或Datascope 98 system,血管重建组并行冠状动脉造影及经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)或冠脉旁路移植术（CABG）。结果: 全部75例患者中,IABP反搏时间2～336（90±75） h;死亡22例,病死率29%;血管重建组中63例行PCI术,1例行择期CABG,术后死亡14例,病死率22%;非血管重建组中死亡8例,病死率73%。血管重建组的病死率显著低于非血管重建组（P<0.01）,并发症共5例,发生率7%。结论: 在IABP的支持下,积极进行血管重建治疗可以降低急性心肌梗死并发泵衰竭患者的住院期间病死率。     

Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation improves survival in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction

The impact of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) onsurvival of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS) has been evaluated inthis study of 85 patients. IABC was available for the 24 groupA patients (and used in 20 patients). IABC was not availablefor the 21 group B patients who presented simultaneously withsimilar clinical characteristics and received identical pharmacologicaltreatment. In-hospital and one year survival was significantlyhigher in group A (46% and 38% vs 19% and 10%, P <0·001).Sixteen out of the 20 (group Al) IABC patients received earlycoronary revascularization. During 1980–1984, 35 patients with AMI and CS receivedIABC (group C) but none underwent early revascularization. Therewas no difference in in-hospital or one-year survival betweengroup AI (50% and 40%) and group C (45% and 40%). We concludethat early IABC improves survival of patients with AMI complicatedby CS.     

主动脉球囊反搏术在急性心肌梗死合并心脏性休克行冠状动脉支架置入术中的应用

目的探讨主动脉球囊反搏术(IABP)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)合并心源性休克行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中的应用。方法回顾性分析了72例 AMI 合并心源性休克患者,其中38例在 IABP 辅助支持下行 PCI 术,34例直接行 PCI 术,监测平均动脉压(MBP),心脏指数(CI),同时在入院时 PCI 术前及术后出院前分别测定左心室射血分数(LVEF),左心室收缩未容积(LVESV)、左心室舒张未容积(LVEDV)。结果 IABP 辅助下行 PCI 组较直接 PCI 组 LVEF 有明显改善(P<0.05)。结论对 AMI 合并心源性休克患者,早期及时行 IABP 辅助支持下PCI 术,可以明显改善患者预后。     

主动脉内球囊反搏在急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克治疗中的应用

目的评价主动脉球囊反搏术(IABP)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)合并心源性休克治疗中的应用价值。方法选取AMI合并心源性休克患者65例,其中IABP组30例,在IABP支持下行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI),对照组35例,单纯行急诊PCI治疗。结果IABP组患者在IABP支持下,30 min后血流动力学指标改善,2~8 h血流动力学稳定,均完成梗死相关血管再通,没有血管再闭塞事件发生,无术中死亡,院内死亡率40%;对照组患者院内死亡率74.3%,其中6例在术中死亡。结论IABP可明显改善AMI合并心源性休克患者的血流动力学指标,增加冠状动脉的灌注;IABP可提高急诊PCI的成功率,减少术后低心排综合征及血管再闭塞事件的发生,降低院内死亡率,明显改善了AMI合并心源性休克患者的预后。     

急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗联合主动脉内球囊反搏的临床疗效分析

目的 对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)围术期合并心源性休克(CS)患者联合主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)辅助支持治疗进行临床观察,分析评估与其住院病死率相关的危险因素.方法 58例急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者行急诊冠状动脉(冠脉)造影和(或)PCI,全部病例围术期因合并心源性休克行不同时期的IABP辅助支持,并对其中54例(93.1%)梗死相关动脉(IRA)植入冠脉支架(64枚).回顾性分析患者的临床特征,冠脉造影,PCI治疗情况和住院期疗效.结果 58例患者平均住院12.3天±9.7天,住院期间39例(64.24%)存活(存活组),19例(32.76%)死亡(死亡组).与存活组比较,死亡组患者年龄增大,左主干和三支血管病变增多,术后IRA血流TIMI 0-1级发生率增高(P＜0.05).结论 IABP为急诊PCI围术期合并心源性休克的AMI患者提供稳定的血流动力学支持,高龄、左主干病变、三支血管病变和IRA未充分开通是住院期病死率的主要危险因素.     

主动脉内气囊反搏支持治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的护理

目的探讨急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克患者行主动脉内气囊反搏(intra-aortic balloon pump,IABP)支持治疗的术后护理程序和注意事项。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2008年12月间20例急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克患者行IABP支持治疗的术后护理资料。结果通过精心、系统的护理,急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克患者行IABP支持治疗后均恢复良好,顺利出院。结论落实系统的护理程序,是保证急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克患者行IABP支持治疗后恢复的关键措施和重要手段。     

主动脉内球囊反搏术治疗心源性休克

目的 回顾性分析主动脉球囊反搏(intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation,IABP)治疗心源性休克的疗效.方法 IABP治疗心源性休克38例,其中急性心肌梗死34例,病毒性心肌炎4例.利用无创血流动力学监测系统(Bioz.com)连续监测患者IABP术前和术后的血流动力学改变.结果 患者心率、平均动脉压、心输出量、顺应指数、左心室做功指数、胸液量、系统血管阻力等血流动力学指标均得到明显改善(P＜0.05),在急性心肌梗死患者34例中,24例行冠状动脉造影术,15例行球囊扩张术及支架植入术,术后死亡7例.5例行冠状动脉旁路移植术,术后死亡2例;治疗组总病死率为9/20(45%).未治疗组14例,死亡12例(12/14,86%);4例病毒性心肌炎死于心源性休克患者3例.结论 IABP能明显改善心源性休克患者的血流动力学指标,对急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克疗效好.     

主动脉内球囊反搏对急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克患者的疗效观察

目的探讨主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）在急性心肌梗死（AMI）合并心源性休克患者中的应用价值。方法 2007年5月至2009年3月给予13例AMI合并心源性休克的患者急诊行IABP循环支持治疗,以同时期同一疾病未经IABP治疗的15例患者作为对照组进行比较,观察其循环复苏前后的基础心率、血压（收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压）、心功能、尿量、多脏器衰竭、恶性心律失常、30d病死率等指标的变化。结果 2组间年龄、性别、院前时间、冠状动脉病变支数、再发心梗次数及IABP治疗前心功能分级（Killips分级）、收缩压、舒张压差异无统计学意义,而患者的心功能恢复情况、30d病死率、恶性心律失常发生率、多器官功能衰竭发生率、循环支持药物的应用等有显著性差异（P〈0.01）,IABP治疗组较对照组明显获益（P〈0.01）。与治疗前比较,IABP循环支持治疗后患者收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、心功能分级、尿量明显提高,心率明显下降（P〈0.01）。结论对AMI合并心源性休克患者尽早进行IABP治疗具有明显的循环支持疗效,可以为下一步的治疗争取时间并能明显减少并发症、降低病死率。     

主动脉内球囊反搏在急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克中的应用

目的:探讨主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)合并心源性休克中的应用价值。方法:收集88例AMI合并心源性休克患者的临床资料,其中50例行IABP,38例药物治疗,回顾性分析88例患者的治疗效果及安全性。结果:对于AMI并心源性休克患者,应用IABP后可改善血流动力学,使患者的收缩压、心率趋于稳定,左心室射血分数(LVEF)有明显改善,与非IABP组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);IABP组住院生存时间优于非IABP组(RR=0.402,95%CI:0.175~0.921,P=0.031)。肢体缺血与出血的发生率2组无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:对于AMI合并心源性休克的患者,行IABP辅助循环,可改善血流动力学,改善住院生存时间,且相对安全。     

急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克患者应用主动脉球囊反搏的临床特征分析

目的:分析影响主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)辅助的急性心肌梗死(AMI)合并心源性休克(CS)患者院内死亡的危险因素。方法:连续收录2005年1月至2016年12月,在北京安贞医院因AMI合并CS临床应用IABP的住院患者,共231例,比较死亡与存活患者入院一般情况、治疗及IABP应用情况等临床特点,以二分类Logistic回归分析导致院内死亡的危险因素。结果:院内死亡组较存活组年龄偏高,女性患者偏多,发生CS时血射血分数较低,CKMB及血乳酸肌酐较高。死亡组发生机械并发症及室性心动过速及心室颤动较多,且多支冠状动脉血管病变,未进行任何血运重建者较多。存活组急诊PCI者较多。二分类Logistic回归示,高龄(年龄60岁)、中度及以上肾功能不全、高乳酸值(2μmol/L)、低射血分数(50%)及病变血管≥2支为导致CS患者院内死亡的危险因素。结论:AMI合并CS患者,尤其是基础状态差、冠状动脉病变重的患者,院内死亡风险极高。IABP作为桥梁,为患者维持血流动力学稳定及尽快血运重建等方面有着积极地意义。在IABP支持下进行及时血运重建,是挽救高危患者生命的关键。     

Regional and global left ventricular function during intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in patients with acute myocardial infarction shock

We evaluated the improvement in hemodynamic and left ventricular (LV) function in 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock, who were treated with intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP). They were studied by flow-directed right heart catheterization and nuclear angiography. IABP decreased LV end-diastolic volume from 134 to 114 ml and LV end-systolic volume from 100 to 72 ml. LV stroke volume increased from 34 to 42 ml and cardiac output from 3.0 to 3.6 L/min. Global LV ejection fraction increased from 27.6% to 36.1%, and this was due to improvement in regional ejection fraction in ischemic areas. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and pulmonary blood volume decreased. Right ventricular ejection fraction also increased significantly. IABP improved LV function in acute myocardial infarction.     

The use of intraaortic balloon counterpulsation in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation was implemented in 11 patients with acute myocardial infarction and 1 patient with unstable angina. All patients had severe multivessel coronary artery disease. In 9 patients counterpulsation was used in conjunction with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, in 3 - with thrombolytic therapy. During hospitalization 2 patients died of progressing heart failure, while significant improvement of hemodynamic parameters occurred in other patients. Thus intraaortic balloon counterpulsation used in combination with angioplasty and thrombolytic therapy is an easily accessible highly effective method of treatment of cardiogenic shock in patients with acute myocardial infarction     

主动脉内球囊反搏治疗急性心肌梗塞并心源性休克56例疗效观察

目的:观察主动脉球囊反搏术(IABP)辅助治疗急性心肌梗塞(AMI)合并心源性休克的疗效。方法:对比分析56例AMI合并心源性休克患者应用IABP前后的血液动力学改变。结果:56例AMI合并心源性休克患者接受IABP治疗后血压[收缩压(113.3±17.5)mmHg∶(76.5±15.3)mmHg,舒张压(62.2±10.3)mmHg∶(31.1±10.2)mmHg]、心率[(82±14)次/min∶(118±27)次/min]、心指数[(3.91±1.12)L/min.m2∶(2.03±0.20)L/min.m2]较术前有显著改善(P均0.01)。结论:对急性心肌梗塞合并心源性休克患者行主动脉球囊反搏术可有效改善血流动力学状态,是有效的辅助治疗手段。     

Does the timing of treatment with intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in cardiogenic shock due to ST-elevation myocardial infarction affect survival?

Abstract

Background: Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) counterpulsation and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are standard treatment modalities in cardiogenic shock (CS) complicating acute myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the timing of IABP treatment start in relation to PCI procedure.

Methods: Data were obtained from the SCAAR registry (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry) about 139 consecutive patients with CS due to ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who received IABP treatment. The patients were hospitalized at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, during 2004–2008. The cohort was divided into the two groups: group (A) in whom IABP treatment started before start of PCI (n = 72) and group (B) in whom IABP treatment started after PCI treatment (n = 67). The primary endpoint was 30-day mortality. Propensity score (PS) adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyze predictors of 30-day mortality.

Results: Mean age was 66.5 ± 12 and 28% were women. All patients have received IABP treatment 30 min before or 30 min after primary PCI. 63% had diabetes and 28% had hypertension. 16% were active tobacco smokers. The mortality rate at 30 days was 38%. IABP treatment commenced before or after PCI was not an independent predictor of mortality (P = 0.72).

Conclusion: In this non-randomized trial the treatment with insertion of IABP before primary PCI in patients with CS due to STEMI is not associated with a more favorable outcome as compared with IABP started after primary PCI.