应用卡维地洛、比索洛尔和常规方法治疗慢性心力衰竭临床疗效比较

目的比较应用卡维地洛、比索洛尔和常规方法治疗慢性心力衰竭(CHF)的疗效。方法92例CHF患者分为卡维地洛组(34例)、比索洛尔组(38例)和常规组(20例)。常规组应用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、利尿剂和洋地黄制剂,卡维地洛组和比索洛尔组在常规治疗基础上分别加用卡维地洛和比索洛尔。随访半年,分别测量治疗前后心率、血压6、min步行试验距离,并用超声心动图测定心功能进行疗效观察。结果1)卡维地洛组和比索洛尔组心率、血压和心肌耗氧量均较常规组明显降低,6min步行试验距离增加,但差异无统计学意义。2)卡维地洛组和比索洛尔组左心室舒张末径(LVEDD)和左心室收缩末径(LVESD)显著低于常规组,左心室射血分数(LVEF)显著高于常规组,且卡维地洛组LVESD较比索洛尔组明显减小。结论卡维地洛和比索洛尔通过β1受体阻滞等作用,逆转左心室重构,在改善CHF患者心功能方面作用相似。     

比索洛尔治疗老年慢性心力衰竭患者的临床研究

目的:观察富马酸比索洛尔(商品名博苏)治疗老年慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者的疗效。方法:84例老年CHF患者随机分为常规治疗组(ACE I 地高辛 利尿剂)42例和比索洛尔治疗组(在常规治疗基础上加服比索洛尔)42例,观察两组治疗前后左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室收缩容积(LVESD)、左室舒张容积(LVEDD)、血压(BP)、心率(HR)、6m in步行距离的变化。结果:比索洛尔治疗组经治疗后LVEF、LVESD、LVEDD、BP、HR、6m in步行距离均明显优于常规治疗组(P<0.001)。结论:比索洛尔治疗老年CHF患者可显著降低BP、HR,改善心功能,提高心脏储备能力及运动耐力。     

比索洛尔治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床研究

目的 评价比索洛尔治疗慢性心力衰竭(CHF)的疗效和安全性.方法 入选120例CHF患者随机分为常规治疗组(血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂+利尿剂+地高辛)和比索洛尔治疗组(常规治疗药物+比索洛尔),随访半年,了解左室功能和安全性.结果 ①两组治疗后均较治疗前左室收缩末径、舒张末径及NYHA分级下降、左室射血分数升高(P<0.01),比索洛尔组的上述变化均较常规治疗组明显(P<0.05).②在试验过程中服用比索洛尔≥5.0mg/d的患者占81.25%;药物不良反应少而轻,因药物不良反应退出试验仅4例,两组均未发现肝、肾功能损害或血象、电解质、糖和脂代谢变化.结论 在CHF常规治疗基础上加用比索洛尔治疗轻、中度稳定性CHF患者安全有效,可显著改善左室重塑.     

比索洛尔治疗充血性心力衰竭合并快速房颤的疗效观察

目的观察比索洛尔治疗充血性心力衰竭(CHF)合并快速房颤(Af)的临床疗效.方法将CHF并快速Af患者56例,随机分为治疗组、对照组各28例.对照组给予强心利尿等常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用比索洛尔.疗程均为16周.结果治疗组在临床疗效(92.86%)、心电图疗效(85.72%)以及心泵功能各项指标均明显优于对照组(P＜0.01).结论比索洛尔治疗CHF并快速Af,既能有效控制心室率,又能显著改善心功能.     

依那普利与比索洛尔联用治疗充血性心力衰竭疗效观察

目的:观察小剂量依那普利与比索洛尔治疗老年慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)的临床疗效。方法:选择60例CHF患者,随机分为对照组及治疗组,对照组常规应用洋地黄、利尿剂、血管扩张剂,治疗组在对照组的基础上加服依那普利及比索洛尔。结果:治疗组总有效率达93.3%,优于对照组。结论:在CHF常规治疗的基础上加用小剂量依那普利及比索洛尔治疗CHF,可明显改善心脏功能,延缓心肌重塑,缩小心室,缓解临床症状。     

应用比索洛尔治疗58例CHF临床分析

目的:探讨应用比索洛尔治疗充血性心力衰竭(congestive heart failure,CHF)的临床疗效.方法:将116例CHF患者随机分为治疗组和对照组进行比较.结果:两组在心功能指标、临床疗效上有非常显著性差异.结论:比索洛尔治疗CHF疗效确切.     

应用比索洛尔治疗58例GHF临床分析

目的:探讨应用比索洛尔治疗充血性心力衰竭(congestive heart failure,CHF)的临床疗效.方法:将116例CHF患者随机分为治疗组和对照组进行比较.结果:两组在心功能指标、临床疗效上有非常显著性差异.结论:比索洛尔治疗CHF疗效确切.     

比索洛尔治疗慢性心力衰竭的效果和安全性

目的研究比索洛尔治疗慢性心力衰竭(CHF)的临床效果及安全性。方法选择76例患者CHF,心功能分级(NYHA)为Ⅱ~Ⅲ级,经超声心动图证实左心室射血分数≤40%,将患者随机分为比索洛尔组(39例)和对照组(37例),对照组采用常规治疗,比索洛尔组采用常规治疗及每日口服比索洛尔2.5~10mg,共治疗6个月。全部入选患者在用药前和用药6个月后行超声心动图(用EDD、ESD、LVEF等指标)检查,评价心脏收缩功能的改善情况。结果比索洛尔组疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组的LVEF较治疗前显著改善(P均<0.01),但比索洛尔组较对照组改善更明显(P<0.01)。治疗中比索洛尔组不良反应较少,无患者退出试验。结论CHF患者应用比索洛尔靶剂量治疗安全有效。     

比索洛尔改善充血性心衰心功能及心肌重塑的疗效观察

目的　观察比索洛尔 (bisoprolol)对充血性心衰心功能及心肌重塑的临床疗效 .方法　 2 12例患者随机分为比索洛尔组和常规药物组 ,比索洛尔剂量起始量 0 .6 2 5 mg～1.2 5 0 mg,1次· d- 1 ,逐渐增加至最大剂量为 2 .5 mg～ 5 .0mg,1次· d- 1 .观察心功能、临床疗效、左室舒张末内径(L VEDD)、左室收缩末内径 (L VESD)、射血分数 (EF)、舒张早期 E峰流速 /舒张晚期 A峰流速 (VE/ VA) .结果　比索洛尔组与常规药物组比较 ,比索洛尔治疗 3m o后有效者(87.7% )高于常规药物组 (6 6 .0 % ) ,P <0 .0 5 ;冠心病(87.9% )和扩张型心肌病心衰 (91.9% )疗效明显好于常规药物组 (分别为 6 6 .7% ,6 7.4 % ) ;治疗 6 mo后重度心衰者疗效(90 .0 % )明显好于常规药物组 (6 5 .4 % ,P <0 .0 5 ) .治疗后比索洛尔组 L VESD[(44 .8± 3.9) m m vs(48.8± 4 .6 ) mm],EF[(40 .7± 7.5 ) % vs (35 .7± 5 .2 ) % ]优于常规药物组 (P<0 .0 1) ;L VEDD,VE/ VA也较治疗前有明显改善 .结论　比索洛尔改善充血性心力衰竭临床症状 ,促进心脏收缩、舒张功能恢复 ,部分逆转心肌重塑 .     

卡维地洛治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床疗效

目的:旨在观察卡维地洛治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床疗效。方法:54例慢性充血性心力衰竭患者随机分为卡维地洛组34例和常规治疗组20例,常规组应用传统心力衰竭治疗(血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、利尿剂、洋地黄制剂),卡维地洛组在传统治疗基础上加用卡维地洛,平均最大剂量为(30.7±13.0)mg/d。两组均治疗半年,治疗前后采用超声心动、6分钟步行试验等方法进行疗效观察。结果:治疗后卡维地洛组较常规治疗组心功能明显改善,6分钟步行试验距离明显增加[(419.26±71.98)m/(382.50±53.4)m],左室射血分数明显增加[(50.41±10.91)％,(41.70±7.45)％],左室舒张末经、收缩末经明显缩小[(57.50±7.29)mm/(64.09±7.40)mm、(43.17±8.27)mm/(52.93±8.35)mm],心肌耗氧量明显降低[(7748.38±1984.00)/(9461.00±1413.19)]。结论:常规治疗充血性心力衰竭基础上加用卡维地洛能够显著缩小左心室舒张及收缩末径,显著提高心功能,提高运动耐量,降低心肌耗氧量。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.