丙基硫氧嘧啶致抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体相关小血管炎3例报告

目的分析丙基硫氧嘧啶(PTU)致抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(ANCA)相关小血管炎的机理。方法报告3例因长期服用丙基硫氧嘧啶所致ANCA相关小血管炎的临床资料,并复习近年相关文献加以讨论。结果 3例的临床表现主要是血尿、蛋白尿、肾功能受损、累及肺部和ANCA阳性等;3例发病前均服用PTU,故诊为PTU导致的ANCA相关小血管炎;3例均经停用PTU,给予激素和免疫抑制剂治疗症状明显好转,肾功能得到恢复。结论 PTU可导致ANCA相关小血管炎。甲亢病人使用PTU治疗时,特别是长时间、大剂量使用时,应定期进行ANCA检查;早期治疗是改善预后的关键     

丙基硫氧嘧啶致抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体相关性小血管炎一例

患者 ,女性 ,5 3岁 ,工人。因关节疼痛半年 ,双下肢浮肿 1周于 2 0 0 3年 3月 2 0日入院。患者于 2 0 0 0年 10月因手抖查甲状腺功能后确诊为“甲状腺功能亢进症” ,遂服用丙基硫氧嘧啶(PTU ) 3 0 0mg/d ,半年后改为 2 0 0mg/d ,4个月后又减为 10 0mg/d ,一直服用至入院时。服药期间复查甲状腺功能正常。半年前 ,患者出现四肢关节反复游走性疼痛 ,伴肌肉酸痛 ,偶有低热 ,体温 3 8℃左右 ,1周前双下肢浮肿来院。体检 :体温3 8℃ ,心率 10 0次 /分 ,血压 12 0 /70mmHg(1mmHg =0 .13 3kPa)。皮肤黏膜无出血无皮疹 ,浅表淋巴结无肿大 ,左肘关…     

丙基硫氧嘧啶致抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体阳性小血管炎二例

丙基硫氧嘧啶 (PTU)是硫脲类抗甲状腺药 ,是临床最常用的抗甲状腺功能亢进药物之一。抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体(ANCA)是原发性小血管炎的血清学诊断工具。近年来发现有少数服用PTU的甲状腺功能亢进患者临床上出现了小血管炎的表现 ,并且在这些患者血清中也可检测到ANCA。现将我院近年发现的 2例PTU相关的ANCA阳性小血管炎报道如下。例 1 :女性 ,6 0岁。因皮疹、关节痛半年 ,泡沫尿 1个月入院。患者 3年前查血小板减低 ,骨髓细胞学示“巨核细胞增多伴成熟障碍” ,查自身抗体均阴性 ,临床诊断为特发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)。予环孢菌…     

抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体与血管炎

讨论Ｈｉｌｂｅｒｔ空间上标型谱算子的基本性质。推广关于次正规算子不变子空间存在性的Ｂｒｏｗｎ定理以及关于本质正规算子本质本等价的Ｂｒｏｗｎ－Ｄｏｕｇｌａｓ－Ｆｉｌｌｍｏｒｅ定理。     

抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体相关小血管炎的临床表现

目的：认识抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体（ＡＮＣＡ）相关小血管炎的临床表现。方法：对近二年检出的５６例ＡＮＣＡ相关小血管炎患者的临床病理资料进行分析总结,系统描述全身,特别是肾外临床表现。结果：５６例中男３１例,女２５例,平均年龄５３（９－７８）岁。     

丙基硫氧嘧啶和ANCA阳性血管炎

丙基硫氧嘧啶(PTU)是治疗Graves病最常用的药物，近年来不断有报道提示在用PTU治疗的病人中出现抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(ANCA)，并可导致自身免疫性血管炎。临床多表现为全身系统受累，肾脏是最易受累的器官，肾外最常见的是肺脏、皮肤、粘膜，还可表现为狼疮样综合征。本病的预后与病程有关，及时停药是关键。     

丙基硫氧嘧啶致ANCA阳性相关小血管炎7例临床分析

丙基硫氧嘧啶（PTU）是硫脲类抗甲状腺药,为临床最常用的抗甲状腺药物之一.抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体（ANCA）是一种以中性粒细胞和单核细胞为靶抗原的自身抗体,是可用于小血管炎检测的特异性血清学诊断标记.我院近8年发现7例PTU所致的ANCA阳性小血管炎报道如下：     

丙基硫氧嘧啶诱发抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体阳性小血管炎三例并文献复习

目的研究丙基硫氧嘧啶(PTU)诱发的抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体(ANCA)阳性小血管炎的临床病理表现。方法对我院近2年诊治的3例FPU引起的ANCA阳性小血管炎进行临床病理分析并复习相关文献。结果3例病人均为女性．年龄24～32岁．平均28．3岁。服PTU时间2～17年．3例均出现皮疹、关节痛．但不累及肾、脑、肺、造血等重要脏器，均为核周型ANCA(pANCA)．髓过氧化物酶ANCA(MPO-ANCA)显著增高(90～260EU／ml)，1例并胞质型ANCA．2例抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体升高，1例抗核抗体(ANA)阳性，而同期服DTU、他巴唑(MMI)无小血管炎临床表现的格雷夫斯病血清14份、31份pANCA均阴性，PTU组有2例MPO-ANCA低水平增高(20～26EU／ml)。3例患者均立即停用PTU，改服MMI、甲亢平各1例，同时应用糖皮质激素，临床症状均缓解，各种自身抗体滴度降低。结论PTU可诱发ANCA阳性小血管炎，应及时发现停药，糖皮质激素治疗有效。     

抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体小血管炎24例临床分析

目的对我院24例抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体小血管炎患者的临床资料进行临床分析。方法对确诊为抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体小血管炎患者的临床表现、实验室检查、肾脏病理、诊治及预后进行分析。结果24例患者均为抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体（ANCA）阳性,均有肾脏受累,同时还伴有肺、胃肠道、眼、耳、鼻、声带、皮肤、关节、甲状腺及外周神经受累。临床表现复杂多样,平均确诊时间为（9±4）个月。治疗以糖皮质激素加用环磷酰胺为主。总缓减率为78％。结论抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体小血管炎为多系统受累疾病,漏诊误诊率高,早期诊治能提高生存率,但部分患者预后不佳。     

抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体相关性血管炎的诊治进展

正华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院邢瑞凃巍*,武汉430030     

Resolution of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis after resection of gastric cancer

We report a case of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis in a 62-year-old patient with gastric cancer. The myeloperoxidase–anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO–ANCA) level was threefold above normal preoperatively. Vasculitis was seen on renal biopsy. Gastric resection revealed well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and vasculitis. The MPO–ANCA level returned to normal post-operatively. Although ANCA-associated vasculitis occasionally accompanies malignant tumors, this is the first documented case of concurrent gastric cancer-associated and ANCA-associated vasculitis, with post-operative resolution of the vasculitis.     

Resolution of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis after resection of gastric cancer

Abstract

We report a case of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis in a 62-year-old patient with gastric cancer. The myeloperoxidase–anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO–ANCA) level was threefold above normal preoperatively. Vasculitis was seen on renal biopsy. Gastric resection revealed well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and vasculitis. The MPO–ANCA level returned to normal post-operatively. Although ANCA-associated vasculitis occasionally accompanies malignant tumors, this is the first documented case of concurrent gastric cancer-associated and ANCA-associated vasculitis, with post-operative resolution of the vasculitis.     

Relapses in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: a retrospective study

Clinical Rheumatology - To investigate the activity of relapsing events (RE) and their mode of presentation in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). Patients...     

Long-term observation of patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis treated with rituximab

OBJECTIVE: Rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has been shown to be quite effective in the treatment of immune disorders resulting from autoantibodies. We prospectively studied the long-term effects of rituximab in 10 patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-positive vasculitis refractory to conventional therapy (n=3) or in second or subsequent relapse (n=7). METHODS: The median age of patients was 53 yrs (range 38-70 yrs). Eight were classified as Wegener's granulomatosis, and two as microscopic polyangiitis. Clinical activity was assessed using the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score modification for Wegener's granulomatosis. Treatment consisted of intravenous infusions of rituximab given at the dose of 375 mg/m2 weekly for four consecutive weeks. RESULTS: All patients experienced a rapid clinical improvement following the administration of rituximab, with nine complete responses and one partial response at 6 months. With a median follow-up of 33.5 months (range 26-45 months), three patients have thus far relapsed. Retreatment with the monoclonal antibody at the same dose and schedule resulted in a new sustained response in all these patients. Rituximab therapy resulted in prolonged B-cell depletion. The ANCA titres decreased significantly in all patients, with eight out of 10 becoming ANCA-negative and three remaining ANCA-negative even after B-cell recovery. Infusion-related side effects were observed in one patient, but were of mild intensity and did not require discontinuation of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Rituximab is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis and should be strongly considered in severely affected patients who do not respond to standard therapy or in those in whom cytotoxic therapy bears a high risk of morbidity.     

原发系统性抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体阴性小血管炎的临床病理表现

目的总结分析原发系统性小血管炎(PSV)抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体(ANCA)阴性小血管炎患者的临床病理特点,并与ANCA阳性患者进行比较,以提高对该类疾病的认识。方法回顾性总结并分析我科近7年来确诊的13例原发系统性ANCA阴性小血管炎的临床病理资料,并与同期30例ANCA阳性原发性小血管炎患者进行比较。结果ANCA阴性小血管炎组患者13例,占同期诊断的原发性小血管炎患者的7.14%。与ANCA阳性组相比,阴性组皮肤和消化道受损比率显著增高,而发热及中重度贫血发生率低于阳性组,阴性组蛋白尿水平高于阳性组,两组血管炎活动积分无差异。阴性组无一例血免疫球蛋白G升高,与阳性组相比差异有统计学意义(0vs50%,P<0.01)。阴性组肾脏新月体形成发生率低于阳性组,坏死和间质小管病变两组差异无统计学意义。两组免疫抑制治疗方案和临床缓解率差异无统计学意义。结论原发性ANCA阴性小血管炎并不罕见,毛细血管襻纤维素样坏死和无免疫球蛋白G升高有助于诊断。     

Antibodies against linear epitopes on Goodpasture autoantigen in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis

In a substantial number of patients with crescentic glomerulonephritis, both anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are detected simultaneously. ANCA is presumed to be the initial event but the mechanism is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the antibodies against linear epitopes on Goodpasture autoantigen in sera from patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis, aiming to reveal the mechanisms of the coexistence of the two kinds of autoantibodies. Thirty-one patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis were enrolled in this study. Twenty-four overlapping linear peptides were synthesized across the whole sequence of Goodpasture autoantigen. Serum antibodies against linear peptides were detected by ELISA and their associations with clinical features were further analyzed. Twenty-five out of the thirty-one (80.6%) sera from patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis possessed antibodies against linear peptides on Goodpasture autoantigen. These antibodies could be detected in 50% of patients with normal renal function (Scr ≤ 133 μmol/L), 70% of patients with moderate renal dysfunction (133 μmol/L < Scr ≤ 600 μmol/L), and 94% of patients with renal failure (Scr > 600 μmol/L) (P = 0.032). The highest recognition frequencies were found for peptides P4 (51.6%), P14 (54.8%), and P24 (54.8%), which contained the sequences that constitute the conformational epitopes of E_A (P4) and E_B (P14) recognized by anti-GBM antibodies. The level of anti-P4 antibodies was positively correlated with the percentage of crescents in glomeruli (r = 0.764, P = 0.027). Patients with anti-P24 antibodies had a significantly higher prevalence of renal dysfunction on diagnosis (88.2 vs. 42.9%, P = 0.018). Antibodies against linear epitopes on Goodpasture autoantigen could be detected in sera of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis, which might mediate the production of antibodies towards the conformational epitopes on Goodpasture autoantigen, namely, the anti-GBM antibodies.     

Propylthiouracil-induced antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) refers to a group of potentially life-threatening autoimmune diseases. A recent development in this field is the recognition that certain drugs can induce AAV. Among these agents, the drug most often implicated in causing disease is the commonly used antithyroid agent propylthiouracil (PTU). This Review provides an update on PTU-induced AAV. Clinical characteristics of PTU-induced AAV are similar to that of primary AAV, but usually have a milder course and better prognosis, provided early cessation of the disease-causing drug. PTU-induced ANCAs usually react to several components of myeloid granules, which is helpful in differentiating PTU-induced AAV from primary AAV. Early cessation of PTU is crucial in the treatment of PTU-induced AAV. The duration of immunosuppressive therapy might be shorter than in primary AAV, depending on the severity of organ damage, and maintenance therapy is not always necessary.     

Association between biopsies for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis and prognosis: a retrospective cohort study

Clinical Rheumatology - Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a systemic vasculitis with unknown aetiology. Although biopsies are helpful for diagnosing AAV,...