醒脑静注射液联合奥卡西平对癫痫患者T淋巴细胞亚群及血清ALP ICAM-I水平变化影响

目的探讨醒脑静注射液联合奥卡西平对癫痫患者T淋巴细胞亚群及血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、细胞间黏附分子(ICAM-I)水平变化影响。方法选取2014-10—2016-11我院收治的86例癫痫患者,随机数字表法分为2组各43例。对照组给予奥卡西平,研究组给予醒脑静注射液+奥卡西平,2组均治疗3个月。统计2组临床疗效、T淋巴细胞亚群指标(CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+)与ALP、ICAM-I变化情况、不良反应发生情况。结果研究组治疗有效率(97.67%)高于对照组(74.42%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后研究组CD3~+、CD4~+水平高于对照组,CD8~+水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后研究组ICAM-I水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组不良反应发生率(13.95%)与对照组(18.60%)相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论醒脑静注射液联合奥卡西平治疗癫痫患者可改善T淋巴细胞亚群、降低ICAM-I水平,且临床疗效显著,安全性较高。     

左乙拉西坦与奥卡西平联合治疗小儿癫痫临床疗效及对患儿免疫功能、脑电图以及认知功能的影响

目的探析左乙拉西坦与奥卡西平联合治疗小儿癫痫临床疗效及对患儿免疫功能、脑电图(EEG)以及认知功能的影响。方法选取徐州市儿童医院2018年1月至2018年12月收治的癫痫患儿49例,数字标号,简单随机法分组,行单盲、前瞻性对照实验(RCT),观察组(25例)给予左乙拉西坦与奥卡西平联合用药,对照组(24例)单用奥卡西平。比较两组免疫功能指标(IgA、IgM、IgG、CD3~+、CD4~+),EEG,认知功能变化,观察患儿临床疗效,记录不良反应。结果两组患儿治疗16 w后IgA、IgM、IgG、CD4~+均明显降低,CD3~+明显升高,FIQ、PIQ、VIQ等认知功能评分明显提高,与治疗前比较(P <0.05)差异有统计学意义。且观察组IgA、IgM、IgG、CD4~+、CD3~+及FIQ、PIQ、VIQ评分改善幅度明显优于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组痫样放电治疗有效率明显高于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组治疗有效率为88.00%(22/25),对照组治疗有效率为75.00%(18/24),观察组治疗有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。患儿均未发生严重不良反应,两组不良反应率比较差异无统计学意义P <0.05)。结论小儿癫痫采取左乙拉西坦与奥卡西平联合用药疗效确切,减少癫痫发作频次,控制EEG损害,改善认知功能,神经免疫双向调节。     

奥卡西平对特发性癫痫患儿免疫功能的影响

目的探讨奥卡西平在特发性癫痫患者治疗中对其免疫功能的影响。方法 96例特发性癫痫患儿为观察组,100例健康儿童为对照组,观察组给予奥卡西平治疗,对比观察组用药前、用药3个月、6个月后免疫功能。结果用药前观察组IgG、IgA、IgM、CD8、ICAM-I水平均显著高于对照组(P0.05),CD3、CD4显著低于对照组(P0.05);用药3个月后观察组IgG、IgA、CD8均显著低于用药前(P0.05),CD3显著高于用药前(P0.05),但与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),服药3个月时观察组ICAM-I、CD4、IgM与服药前及对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);用药6个月后观察组IgG、IgA、CD8、ICAM-I均显著低于用药前(P0.05),CD4显著高于用药前(P0.05),但与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),IgM、CD3与用药前及对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论奥卡西平用于特发性癫痫患儿的治疗,不仅能够有效控制癫痫发作,同时能够提高患儿机体免疫功能,减少感染对生活质量的影响,值得临床推广。     

结构脂肪乳在重型颅脑损伤患者中的应用价值

目的探讨重型颅脑损伤患者治疗中结构脂肪乳的临床价值。方法选取2010—2013我院收治的重型颅脑损伤患者60例,随机分为2组,观察组在入院后给予中长链脂肪乳肠外营养,对照组给予结构脂肪乳肠外营养,对比2组患者的C反应蛋白与免疫指标。结果治疗前2组患者的血清C反应蛋白与免疫指标无显著差异(P0.05),观察组患者治疗7d后CRP、CD8~+均明显高于对照组(P0.05),IgG、IgM、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论重型颅脑损伤患者肠外营养中应用结构脂肪乳,能够有效改善患者应激损伤的免疫抑制作用,有效改善预后。     

噻氯匹定联合银杏叶提取物治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的可行性分析

目的探讨噻氯匹定联合银杏叶提取物治疗急性缺血性脑卒中对患者神经功能的改善作用和抗血小板聚集作用以及不良反应发生情况。方法选取2009-01—2011-02我院治疗的急性缺血性脑卒中患者114例为研究对象,随机分为3组,对照A组32例采用噻氯匹定治疗,对照B组40例采用银杏叶提取物治疗,研究组42例采用噻氯匹定联合银杏叶提取物治疗,其余吸氧、脱水剂、激素和抗感染药物等常规治疗措施均相同,治疗30d,观察3组临床疗效、各项血流参数以及不良反应情况。结果 3组治疗前神经功能缺损程度评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01),治疗后研究组评分低于对照A、B组(P0.05),对照A、B 2组差异无统计学意义(P0.05);研究组有效率80.95%(34/42),对照A、B组有效率分别为59.38%、60%,研究组治疗效果优于对照A、B组(χ2=4.662、4.445,P0.05);研究组全血黏度和血浆黏度优于对照组(P0.05);治疗后3组红细胞聚集度差异无统计学意义(P0.05);3组不良反应比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论噻氯匹定联合银杏叶提取物可显著改善急性缺血性脑卒中患者神经功能,改善脑血管循环,降低血黏度,且不良反应可以耐受,值得临床推广。     

奥卡西平联合银杏达莫注射液对癫痫患儿的作用机制研究

目的探讨奥卡西平联合银杏达莫注射液对癫痫患儿T淋巴细胞亚群及血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、细胞间黏附分子1(ICAM-1)水平变化的影响。方法选取洛阳市妇女儿童医疗保健中心77例癫痫患儿,按照随机数字表法分组,对照组38例予以单一奥卡西平治疗,观察组39例给予奥卡西平+银杏达莫注射液治疗,观察2组临床治疗效果、T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD4+、CD8+)及血清ALP、ICAM-1水平变化情况,并统计2组不良反应发生情况及生活质量评分。结果观察组总有效率94.87%(37/39),高于对照组的71.05%(27/38),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗3个月后观察组CD3+及CD4+均高于对照组,CD8+低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗3个月后2组血清ALP水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),观察组血清ICAM-1水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率15.38%(6/39),对照组为10.53%(4/38),差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗3个月后观察组社会能力、认知功能、总体健康、生活质量、药物影响、精神健康及生活满意度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论银杏达莫注射液辅助奥卡西平治疗癫痫效果显著,安全性高,可改善患儿血清ICAM-1水平及T淋巴细胞亚群,提高其生活质量。     

左乙拉西坦对癫痫患儿的症状改善效果及免疫调节作用研究

目的探究左乙拉西坦对癫痫患儿的临床症状改善情况以及对其免疫功能的调节作用。方法我院2012-03-2014-06收治的癫痫患儿中选取73例为研究对象。随机分为治疗组36例,采用左乙拉西坦治疗;余37例为对照组,采用托吡酯治疗。治疗前后对2组的淋巴细胞亚群水平、血清免疫球蛋白水平进行检测,并观察分析2组临床疗效及在治疗过程中出现不良反应情况。结果治疗组总有效率为94.44%,对照组为89.19%,2组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前后对治疗组的淋巴细胞亚群水平(CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+)及血清免疫球蛋白水平(IgA,IgM,IgG)进行对比后发现,各项数据在治疗前后差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组不良反应发生率为13.89%,对照组为16.22%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论左乙拉西坦能够有效控制癫痫患儿的临床症状,用药安全可靠,具有较好的临床疗效。同时能够对患儿的免疫功能起到调节作用,从一定程度上改善了患儿的免疫功能,提高了患儿的生存质量,值得在临床上推广使用。     

金纳多治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的临床分析

目的 观察金纳多治疗糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的临床疗效.方法 114例患者随机分为治疗组(64例)和对照组(50例).治疗组采用金纳多(银杏叶提取物注射液),对照组采用弥可保注射液,观察糖尿病周围神经病变患者的症状体征、神经传导速度、血液流变学等指标的变化.结果 治疗组临床症状好转,神经传导速度加快,血液流变学指标明显改善,经统计学分析与对照组比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 金纳多能明显缓解和消除糖尿病周围神经病变患者的临床症状、提高神经传导速度、改善血液流变学的作用,是治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的理想药物.     

多奈哌齐与银杏叶片治疗老年痴呆的效果对比

目的对比多奈哌齐与银杏叶片治疗老年痴呆的效果。方法选择我院2013-01—2016-06接诊的老年痴呆患者80例为研究对象,随机分为研究组与对照组各40例。对照组采取银杏叶片治疗,研究组采取多奈哌齐治疗,观察2组临床效果、并发症发生率及治疗前后简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分、Barthel指数评分。结果研究组总有效率92.50%,显著高于对照组的67.50%(P0.05);研究组并发症发生率5.00%,显著低于对照组的22.50%(P0.05);2组治疗前MMSE评分、Barthel指数评分无明显差异(P0.05),治疗后研究组明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论多奈哌齐与银杏叶片治疗老年痴呆均有一定效果,多奈哌齐疗效更佳,安全性更高,能更好地改善患者的智能精神状态与生活质量,值得借鉴。     

免疫肠内营养对神经内科重症患者营养及免疫功能指标的影响

目的探讨免疫肠内营养支持对神经内科重症患者营养学和免疫功能的影响。方法选择74例神经内科重症患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组(38例)和对照组(36例),观察组使用免疫增强型肠内营养制剂,对照组使用常规肠内营养制剂,检测2组治疗前和治疗后10d的总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PA)和血红蛋白(Hb)等营养学指标,以及IgA、IgG和IgM等免疫学指标,观察2组住院时间和感染发生等情况。结果治疗后10d对照组PA、Hb、IgA、IgG和IgM水平均有所下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而观察组各指标水平治疗前后均无明显差异(P0.05),观察组Hb、IgA、IgG和IgM水平均高于对照组(P0.05);观察组住院时间(41.55±10.34)和感染发生率(13.16%)低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论免疫肠内营养支持可以有效改善神经内科重症患者营养和免疫状态,降低感染发生率和住院时间,对于治疗神经内科重症疾病治疗具有重要的支持作用。     

银杏叶提取物对脑动脉粥样硬化大鼠血清TG、TC和HO-1水平的影响

目的 探讨银杏叶提取物对脑动脉粥样硬化大鼠血清甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(Total cholesterol,TC)和血红素氧合酶-1(Heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)水平的影响。方法 30只SD健康雄性大鼠,20只大鼠建立老龄脑动脉粥样硬化模型,分为假手术组、模型组和银杏叶组; 检测血清TG、TC、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、HO-1水平、动脉硬化指数(Arteriosclerosis index,AI); 采用MTT检测细胞增殖能力,流式细胞仪检测脑动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡,Western blot法检测Caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白水平。结果 与模型组比较,银杏叶组脑动脉斑块面积、新生内膜面积、内膜厚度降低,管腔面积升高(P<0.05); 与模型组比较,银杏叶组TG、HDL-C水平、AI降低,TC、HO-1水平升高(P<0.05); 与模型组比较,银杏叶组24、48、72 h细胞凋亡率降低(P<0.05),银杏叶组24 h细胞凋亡率低于48和72 h细胞凋亡率(P<0.05); 与模型组比较,银杏叶组48、72 h细胞增殖率升高(P<0.05),银杏叶组24h细胞增殖率低于48和72 h细胞增殖率(P<0.05); 与模型组比较,银杏叶组Caspase-3、Bax水平降低,Bcl-2水平升高(P<0.05)。结论 银杏叶提取物能够改善脑动脉粥样硬化大鼠血清TG、TC、HO-1水平,并通过下调Caspase-3、Bax蛋白表达,上调Bcl-2表达来促进脑动脉平滑肌细胞增殖,抑制脑动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡。     

Ginkgo biloba and donepezil: a comparison in the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia in a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study

The Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 seems to produce neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases of multifactorial origin. There is still debate about the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 compared with second‐generation cholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia. Our aim is to assess the efficacy of the Ginkgo biloba special extract E.S. in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type in slowing down the disease's degenerative progression and the patients' cognitive impairment compared with donepezil and placebo. The trial was designed as a 24‐week randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind study. Patients aged 50–80 years, suffering from mild to moderate dementia, were allocated into one of the three treatments: Ginkgo biloba (160 mg daily dose), donepezil (5 mg daily dose), or placebo group. The degree of severity of dementia was assessed by the Syndrom Kurz test and the Mini‐Mental State Examination. Clinical Global Impression score was recorded to assess the change in the patients’ conditions and the therapeutic efficacy of tested medications. Our results confirm the clinical efficacy of Ginkgo biloba E.S. (Flavogin) in the dementia of the Alzheimer type, comparable with donepezil clinical efficacy. There are few published trials that have directly compared a cholinesterase inhibitor with Ginkgo for dementia. This study directly compares a cholinesterase inhibitor with Ginkgo biloba for dementia of the Alzheimer type and could be a valid contribution in this debate. Our study suggests that there is no evidence of relevant differences in the efficacy of EGb 761 and donepezil in the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia, so the use of both substances can be justified. In addition, this study contributes to establish the efficacy and tolerability of the Ginkgo biloba special extract E.S. in the dementia of the Alzheimer type with special respect to moderately severe stages.     

银杏达莫注射液治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及对血液流变学和纤维蛋白原含量的影响

目的 观察银杏达莫注射液治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及对血液流变学和纤维蛋白原含量的影响.方法 将96例急性脑梗死患者随机分为两组,银杏达莫组(39例)给予银杏达莫注射液20 ml加入生理盐水500 ml静脉滴注,对照组(57例)给予血塞通注射液10 ml加入生理盐水500 ml静脉滴注,均每天1次;连用14 d.于治疗前后分别进行神经功能缺损程度评分(评价临床疗效)、血液流变学指标和纤维蛋白原含量的检测及头颅CT检查.结果 银杏达莫组总有效率(94.9%)明显高于对照组(78.9%)(P＜0.05),银杏达莫组治疗后血液流变学指标和纤维蛋白原含量比治疗前显著下降(均P＜0.05).银杏达莫组与对照组治疗后头颅CT病灶缩小或密度改善分别为25例(71.4%)、24例(49.0%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).对照组全血黏度(30s-1)、红细胞压积比治疗前明显降低(均P＜0.05),其他与治疗前差异无统计学意义.结论 银杏达莫注射液治疗急性脑梗死效果明显,并能明显改善急性脑梗死患者的血液流变学指标,使纤维蛋白原含量下降.     

Cognitive performance,SPECT, and blood viscosity in elderly non-demented people using Ginkgo biloba

The aging process is associated with several cognitive alterations. This study looks at the effects of taking dried extract of Ginkgo biloba, which has been used in several countries in an attempt to minimize these effects. The subjects were 48 men aged 60 - 70 matched between control and experimental groups for educational level. Evaluation was based on a number of neuropsychological tests in an attempt to cover the largest possible number of functions including Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography (SPECT) and measures of blood viscosity. The study was run on a double-blind basis with placebo and Ginkgo biloba groups evaluated over a period of 8 months. After treatment, the experimental group showed a reduction in blood viscosity, improved cerebral perfusion in specific areas and improved global cognitive functioning. The control group showed the opposite - higher blood viscosity, a reduction in cerebral perfusion (in specific areas), and cognitive deterioration in different functions. Although the mechanisms by which Ginkgo biloba may contribute to overall enhancement of the parameters evaluated have not been specified, this plant extract certainly appears to be effective in the treatment of cognitive deficits in older people. Further research into its use is called for on the basis of the results obtained here.     

Protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells

The present study analyzed the protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced PC12 cell apoptosis in a model of Parkinson’s disease. The results showed that Ginkgo biloba extract had a potent cytoprotective action and inhibited apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by 6-hydroxydopamine. Ginkgo biloba extract decreased the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 and markedly inhibited the activation of p53 and caspase-3. These experimental findings indicate that Ginkgo biloba extract may significantly reduce the effects of oxidative stress induced by 6-hydroxydopamine in PC12 cells and suppress cell apoptosis. The potential effects of Ginkgo biloba extract might be greater than those of levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.     

Ginkgo biloba leaf extract effects on inducible nitric oxide synthase, Bcl-2, and Bax expression in rat models of spinal cord injury★

BACKGROUND:Ginkgo biloba leaf extract exhibits neuroprotective effects in spinal cord injury. However, the mechanisms of action remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Bcl-2/Bax expression in the injured spinal cord, and to explore the neuroprotective mechanisms of ginkgo biloba leaf extract in rats with spinal cord injury. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized, controlled, cell molecular biology experiment was performed at Soochow University, China from March...     

银杏叶提取物对急性脑梗塞患者内皮细胞的保护作用

目的 :观察银杏叶提取物 (杏丁 )对急性脑梗塞患者血浆 von Willebrand因子 (v WF)和血栓调节蛋白(TM)的影响 ,从而了解其对内皮细胞的保护作用。方法 :34例急性脑梗塞患者随机分为两组 :实验组 ,n=17,每日静脉滴杏丁 2 0 ml,连续 14 d;对照组 ,n=17,每日静脉滴注复方丹参注射液 2 5 0 ml,于治疗前、治疗后 7d、 14 d检测两组患者血浆 v WF和 TM的水平变化。结果 :两组患者血浆 v WF和 TM治疗前均无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,治疗后第 7d、14 d实验组 v WF明显低于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,且两组患者治疗后均低于治疗前 ((P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ;治疗后第 7d实验组 TM明显高于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,且两组患者治疗后均高于治疗前 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1)。结论 :银杏叶提取物(杏丁 )可明显降低急性脑梗塞患者血浆 v WF和提高 TM水平 ,有益于保护内皮细胞的功能     

银杏叶提取物对颅脑损伤后脑血管内皮表达TM和vMF的影响及意义

目的探讨早期应用银杏叶提取物(EGB)对大鼠颅脑损伤后脑血管内皮细胞的保护和调节作用。方法将140只大鼠按随机数字表法随机分为对照组和EGB治疗组,按Marmarous等人的方法建立弥漫性脑损伤模型,EGB治疗组在伤后即刻腹腔注射EGB,以后每24h腹腔注射一次直至被处死,对照组注射等量生理盐水。分别在伤后1h、4h、8h、12h、24h、3d、7d七个时间点断头取脑组织,采用免疫组化和荧光定量PCR测定大脑皮层脑血管内皮细胞不同时间点血栓调节蛋白(TM)和假性血管性血友病因子(vWF)蛋白表达水平,并观察大鼠皮层血管变化及皮层病理学变化。结果伤后4h至伤后3dEGB治疗组脑组织中TM和vWF的表达水平与对照组相比明显下降(P0.05)。结论EGB可以抑制大鼠弥漫性颅脑损伤后脑血管内皮细胞活化标志物TM和vWF的表达,其机制可能与EGB抑制脑血管内皮细胞的活化有关。     

Ginkgo biloba leaf extract effects on inducible nitric oxide synthase, Bcl-2, and Bax expression in rat models of spinal cord injury★

BACKGROUND: Ginkgo biloba leaf extract exhibits neuroprotective effects in spinal cord injury. However, the mechanisms of action remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Bcl-2/Bax expression in the injured spinal cord, and to explore the neuroprotective mechanisms of ginkgo biloba leaf extract in rats with spinal cord injury. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized, controlled, cell molecular biology experiment was performed at Soochow University, China from March 2007 to March 2008. MATERIALS: A total of 120 healthy, adult Sprague Dawley rats were selected for this study. Rat models of moderate acute thoracic (T9) spinal cord injury were established using the modified Allen method. Shuxuening injection was obtained from Zhenbaodao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., China. Methylprednisolone was purchased from North China Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. METHODS: All rats were equally and randomly divided into four groups. Only the spinal cord was exposed in the sham operation group rats. In the trauma group, rats were not treated with drugs following spinal cord injury. Rats in the hormone group were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg methylprednisolone following spinal cord injury. Rats in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract group were intraperitoneally infused with a 1.0 mL/kg Shuxuening injection per day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: At 1 hour, as well as 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days after spinal cord injury, iNOS- and Bcl-2/Bax-positive cells were quantified with immunohistochemistry. Pathological changes were detected using hematoxylin-eosin staining under an optical microscope. RESULTS: Spinal cord injury in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract and hormone groups was milder compared with the trauma group. Demyelination was significantly ameliorated and the necrotic cavity was obviously reduced in the injured spinal cord of rats in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract and hormone groups at each time point. iNOS expression was increased in the injured spinal cord, and reached a peak at 5 days. The number of iNOS-positive cells was lower in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract and hormone groups compared with the trauma group (P < 0.05-0.01). The number of iNOS-positive cells was lower in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract group compared with the hormone group at 7 and 14 days after spinal cord injury (P < 0.05). Bcl-2 expression reached a peak at 3 days, and Bax expression reached a peak at 5 days following rat spinal cord injury. Bcl-2 expression was increased, but Bax expression was decreased in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract and hormone groups compared with the trauma group (P < 0.05-0.01). Bcl-2 expression was greater, but Bax expression was reduced in the ginkgo biloba leaf extract group compared with the hormone group at 7 and 14 days after spinal cord injury (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ginkgo biloba leaf extract exhibits neuroprotective effects by upregulating Bcl-2 expression, downregulating Bax expression, and significantly inhibiting high expressions of iNOS in the injured spinal cord. The neuroprotective effects of ginkgo biloba leaf extract are greater compared with methylprednisolone at 1 week after spinal cord injury. Key Words: apoptosis; Bcl-2/Bax; ginkgo biloba leaf extract; inducible nitric oxide synthase; methylprednisolone; neuroprotection; spinal cord injury