精囊囊肿的诊断和治疗

目的　提高对精囊囊肿的认识 ,以利于正确诊断和有效治疗。　方法　对 16例精囊囊肿患者的诊断和治疗情况进行回顾性总结。 16例患者临床表现以血精最为多见 ,其次为膀胱刺激症状和会阴部不适或疼痛。行直肠指检、B超、CT及MRI等进行诊断。肿物大小为 3 8cm× 3 0cm×2 6cm～ 9 6cm× 5 2cm× 5 0cm ,16例均经病理证实。均行开放性手术治疗 ,其中行精囊切除术12例 ,精囊部分切除术 4例。　结果　 16例均治愈出院。除外 1例患者术后出现附睾炎治愈外 ,均无其它并发症的发生。随访 10例患者 (6例失访 ) 1个月至 2 2年 ,临床症状均消失 ,复查B超或CT均未见囊肿复发。　结论　对血精和难以解释的膀胱刺激症状或尿道生殖系的主诉要考虑患有本病可能 ;直肠指检、影像学检查为精囊囊肿诊断的主要手段。精囊切除术及精囊部分切除术具有良好的效果。     

男性盆腔囊性疾病17例诊治分析

目的:探讨男性盆腔囊性疾病的诊断与治疗。方法:回顾性分析我院泌尿外科2003年5月~2013年5月收治的17例男性盆腔囊性疾病患者的临床资料,探讨各疾病发生机制及辅助检查的应用。结果:17例患者中,前列腺囊肿5例(直径3.0cm)、前列腺囊腺瘤2例、精囊囊肿6例、精囊脓肿2例、精囊腺癌1例、前列腺癌(PCa)伴血肿1例;8例行腹腔镜下囊肿切除术,5例行经尿道囊肿去顶术,2例行经腹囊肿切除术,2例行根治性前列腺切除术;术后随访6个月~10年,未见下尿路症状复发。结论:超声是诊断盆腔囊性疾病的重要方法,根据超声结果,适当选取CT、MRI及膀胱镜检查,可以提高诊断的正确率。当囊肿靠近前列腺尿道时,经尿道囊肿切开术疗效确切;对于靠近膀胱颈及位于精囊的囊性肿物,腹腔镜囊肿切除术为首选;当腹腔镜切除盆腔囊性肿物困难时,可行开腹手术。     

手助腹腔镜单纯性肾切除术的临床价值

目的 :探讨手助腹腔镜单纯性肾切除术的临床价值。方法 :采用手助腹腔镜行单纯性肾切除术 7例。结果 :7例手术均获成功 ,无术中和术后并发症发生。手术时间 85～ 30 0min ,平均 2 0 4min ;术中出血 30～2 0 0ml,平均 85ml;肾脏大小为 (14 .0cm× 8.5cm× 7.5cm)～ (2 4 .0cm× 2 0 .0cm× 10 .0cm) ;术后住院时间 6～15d。结论 :对于标准腹腔镜手术有难度的单纯性肾切除术 ,手助腹腔镜单纯性肾切除术 ,是一种可以选择的新的手术方式。     

Zinner综合征的诊断和微创治疗(附2例报告并文献复习)

目的:根据2例Zinner综合征患者的诊治过程,结合有关文献探讨其临床特征,诊断方法和微创治疗手术。方法:本院近年收治的2例Zinner综合征患者,1例行经腹腔镜精囊囊肿切除加输尿管残端切除术,另1例行经尿道精囊囊肿去顶减压术加精囊壁电灼术。根据该类患者的临床表现、诊断和治疗过程,结合相关文献对该病的临床特征和治疗后随访结果进行分析。结果:2例手术均顺利完成,平均手术时间95min,无膀胱、直肠等手术并发症,术后随访3~12个月,患者术前不适症状消失,无勃起及射精功能障碍。结论:一侧肾缺如合并同侧盆腔内占位,需要考虑Zinner综合征的可能,微创手术尿道精囊镜下囊肿去顶减压加内膜烧灼术是这类患者的理想选择方式。     

腹腔镜原发精囊良性肿瘤切除术的临床应用

目的:探讨腹腔镜原发精囊良性肿瘤切除术的临床经验及手术疗效。方法:回顾分析2005年6月至2010年8月4例原发精囊良性肿瘤患者的临床资料。患者平均(56.5±9.3)岁,囊肿直径平均(6.5±1.5)cm。4例患者均行腹腔镜下精囊肿瘤切除术,3例患侧肿瘤、输精管与精囊一并切除,1例术中将肿瘤完整切除的同时完整保留双侧输精管与精囊。结果:手术均顺利完成,无一例中转开放,围手术期无并发症发生。手术时间平均(81.3±13.1)min,术中出血量<50 ml,术后平均住院(5.8±1.7)d,术后平均随访(47±26.8)个月,患者不适症状消失,勃起及射精功能正常且无局部复发。结论:腹腔镜手术处理盆腔深部的精囊肿瘤视野暴露好、创伤小、患者术后康复快,是治疗原发精囊良性肿瘤安全、可行、有效的微创术式。     

腹腔镜技术在精囊囊肿外科治疗中的应用

目的 探讨腹腔镜技术在精囊囊肿外科治疗中的应用。方法 本组3例。年龄分别为32、62、41岁。反复出现血精症状6个月～10年。经B超、MR、CT诊断均为左侧精囊囊肿。3例均行腹腔镜下精囊囊肿切除术。结果 腹腔镜下顺利切除精囊囊肿，平均手术时间94．6min，平均估计失血量70ml，平均住院时间7d，术后随访平均8．6个月，患者症状消失，未见复发。结论 腹腔镜手术创伤小、恢复快、住院时间短，是精囊疾病外科治疗的有效方法。     

腹腔镜手术治疗精囊囊肿4例报告

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术治疗精囊囊肿的临床经验及疗效。方法:回顾分析2005年12月至2011年5月为4例精囊囊肿患者施行腹腔镜手术的临床资料。结果:4例手术均顺利完成,无中转开腹,围手术期无并发症发生。手术时间平均(87.5±42.7)min,术中出血量平均(47.5±17.1)ml,术后平均住院(6±0.8)d,术后平均随访(35±23.5)个月,患者不适症状消失,勃起及射精功能正常,无局部复发。结论:腹腔镜技术治疗精囊囊肿安全、有效,可作为治疗精囊囊肿的首选方法,但其远期疗效尚需大样本的对照研究和长期随访观察。     

腹腔镜治疗精囊良性肿瘤3例报告

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术治疗精囊良性肿瘤的效果。方法:2007年4月至2008年6月我院为3例患者行腹腔镜精囊良性肿瘤切除术。术前均经B超、CT及MRI等检查明确诊断,肿物大小40mm×30mm×25mm~63mm×45mm×40mm。结果:3例手术均成功切除精囊占位。手术时间64~120min,平均84min,术中失血60~120ml,平均74ml。术后平均随访11.3个月,未见局部复发及远处转移。结论:腹腔镜手术具有创伤小、并发症少、住院时间短等优点,是治疗精囊良性肿瘤的有效方法。     

原发性精囊癌2例诊治分析

目的探讨原发性精囊腺癌的临床表现、影像学特点及诊治方法。方法分析收治的原发性精囊腺癌患者2例,其中1例合并巨大多分隔精囊囊肿,并结合文献进行复习。结果 1例术前行前列腺穿刺活检阴性,行前列腺电切术后病理证实为偶发癌,2个月后二期行开放前列腺癌根治术后确诊为精囊癌;另一例术前经CT及经直肠超声可见盆腔巨大囊性多分隔肿物,未见正常前列腺及精囊结构,代之以多房囊肿,行腹腔镜下盆腔囊肿切除术,术中冰冻病理诊断为精囊癌,转行开放性前列腺根治术。两例术后恢复良好,分别随访10年及7个月,未见复发转移。结论原发性精囊腺癌临床罕见,术前诊断较困难,影像学表现大致可分为3类,手术为主要治疗方式,切除范围应足够广泛。     

经腹腔镜脾切除治疗血液病

我院于 1993年 10月至 2 0 0 1年 2月应用腹腔镜脾切除术治疗原发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)及遗传性球形红细胞增多症 (HS)患者 2 0例 ,并与传统手术方法进行比较 ,报告如下。临床资料1.一般资料 :腹腔镜脾切除组中 ,原发性血小板减少性紫癜患者 16例 ,遗传性球形红细胞增多症 4例。男 7例 ,女13例 ,年龄 16～ 6 5岁 ,平均 33岁。脾脏大小 8cm× 5cm×4cm～ 2 2cm× 13cm× 6cm ,平均 12cm× 8cm× 5cm。术中发现副脾 4例 (2 0 % )。 1988年 7月至 1993年 8月间应用传统手术方法脾切除治疗血液病患者 2 2例 ,其中原发性血小板减少性紫癜患…     

Diagnosis and treatment of seminal vesicle cysts

Aim: To deepen the understanding of patients with seminal vesicle cysts for correct diagnosis and treatment. Patients and Methods: Five patients with seminal vesicle cysts were treated over the period January 1996–May 2010. Their symptoms, diagnostic results, treatment and outcomes were analysed retrospectively. The mean age of these patients at diagnosis was 35 years (range: 20–45). Symptoms included haematospermia in three patients, urinary frequency in three patients, perineal malaise in four patients, infertility in three patients, pain after ejaculation in three patients, scrotal pain in three patients and dysuria in one patient. Cysts were palpable in four patients on digital rectal examination. All patients underwent intravenous urography and cystoscopy. Some patients received ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT) scanning, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or vasovesiculography. The size of the masses ranged from 3.8 cm × 3 cm × 2.6 cmto approximately 9.6 cm × 5.2 cm × 5 cm. Final open surgery consisted of vesiculectomy in two patients and laparoscopic excision of a partial seminal vesical cyst in three patients. Results: The postoperative course was uneventful, except for one patient who complained of ureter pain. All patients were free of symptoms after open surgery. Conclusions: Seminal vesicle cysts are rare, but should be considered in men with haematospermia and otherwise inexplicable bladder irritation symptoms, perineal discomfort or other genitourinary complaints of unknown aetiology. Diagnosis consists of digital rectal examination, transrectal and abdominal ultrasonography, CT scanning and MRI. Laparoscopic excision of seminal vesical cysts produced excellent results.     

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of seminal vesicle: an extremely rare case report with literature review

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of seminal vesicle is extremely rare, and most cases regarding seminal vesicle tumors failed to address this kind of tumor. A 54-year-old male patient presented with intermittent painless visual hematuria for 6 months was hospitalized. Ultrasonography, computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a 4.4 cm × 3.6 cm × 3.0 cm mixed tumorous lesion in the left seminal vesicle. A transrectal needle biopsy revealed severe chronic inflammation. The mass was completely resected in a laparoscopic approach and was verified as a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the seminal vesicle by post-surgical histopathological examination. The patient received totally 5 cycles of chemotherapy. A rectal metastasis was detected 7 months after the surgery.     

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic vesiculectomy for lower urinary tract obstruction by a large seminal vesicle cyst

INTRODUCTIONSeminal vesicle (SV) cysts are rare, benign lesions. Most of them are congenital in origin and are usually diagnosed incidentally due to extensive imaging. When symptomatic, surgical excision is recommended.PRESENTATION OF CASEWe describe the case of a 17.2 cm seminal vesicle cyst removed using a transperitoneal, robotic-assisted laparoscopic approach in a 45-year old male with lower urinary tract symptoms and no other genitourinary abnormality.DISCUSSIONLaparoscopic excision of seminal vesicle cysts is a minimal invasive alternative to the open technique with single-center studies reporting high success rates. With the advent of the robotic platform, urologists have shifted to this approach especially for confined anatomical spaces such as the pelvis. To our knowledge this is the largest seminal vesicle cyst described in the literature that has been managed by minimally invasive surgery.CONCLUSIONWith the advantage of combined 3D vision and wristed instrumentation, excision of large seminal vesicle cysts by robotic assisted laparoscopic approach is feasible, safe and regarded as a natural continuity of conventional laparoscopy. Previous experience in Robotic assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) especially in the posterior dissection technique is recommended.     

Laparoscopic management of retrovesical cystic disease: Washington University experience and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recently, the laparoscopic approach to the management of seminal vesicle cysts has been described. This report outlines the Washington University experience and reviews the present literature to evaluate the results of the laparoscopic approach to the excision of retrovesical cysts of seminal vesicle and Müllerian origin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The hospital and office records of three patients undergoing laparoscopic excision of seminal vesicle and Müllerian duct cyst disease between April 1993 and March 1999 were reviewed for the operative time, the estimated blood loss, total hospital stay, total analgesia required postoperatively, the time to resumption of oral intake, and the postoperative recovery. A literature search revealed two additional reports of laparoscopic management of cystic disease of the seminal vesicle, comprising only one and two patients. An additional review of the literature was performed to compare the laparoscopic procedure with the transvesical, transurethral, open transvesical, and open retrovesical approach for the management of the disease. RESULTS: For the three patients at Washington University, the operative time averaged 4 hours (range 1.8-6.1 hours), and the mean estimated blood loss was 150 mL (range 50-200 nL). The patients required a mean of 43 mg of morphine sulfate for postoperative pain control, had a mean hospital stay of 2.6 days, and resumed oral intake 5.8 hours postoperatively. In combination with the three other cases reported in the literature, the average operative time for laparoscopic retrovesical cyst excision was 2.9 hours, and the average hospital stay was 2.2 days. With an average follow-up of 17 months, all six patients had excellent resolution of their preoperative symptoms. There have been no major or minor complications or any need for further operative therapy. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic excision of retrovesical cystic disease is an effective surgical procedure, associated with minimal postoperative morbidity, short hospitalization, and a rapid recovery for the patient.     

Laparoscopic vesiculectomy for large seminal vesicle cystadenoma

Cystadenomas of the seminal vesicles are extremely rare. Here, we report a large seminal vesicle cystadenoma. A 37‐year‐old man presented a 6‐month history of haemospermia, 10 days of Lower Urinary Tract symptoms (LUTSs) and gross haematuria. Transabdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were performed and revealed a large solid‐cystic pelvic mass morphometrically measured 7.0 cm × 11.9 cm × 8.6 cm on the right seminal vesicle, which caused hydronephrosis of the right kidney. The prostate‐specific antigen of the patient was 27.860 ng/dl. Laparoscopic exploration found the capsule of tumour was complete and the tumour came from the right seminal vesicle, in addition, the mass had a certain space with the bladder and prostate, which could be separated. So a nerve‐sparing Laparoscopic Vesiculectomy was performed at last, even though the intraoperative frozen section analysis could not make sure the nature of the tumour either. The postoperative pathology revealed cystadenoma of the seminal vesicle.     

Pelvic mass: Schwannoma of the left seminal vesicle

Schwannomas rarely occur in seminal vesicles. Here, we report a schwannoma of the left seminal vesicle. A 55‐year‐old man presented no clinical symptoms, and a mass in the left region of the seminal vesicle was found incidentally in a medical examination. A computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of pelvic were obtained and revealed a 5.17 × 2.59 × 3.5 cm mass on the left seminal vesicle. Transrectal ultrasound‐guided seminal biopsy revealed a diagnosis of seminal vesical schwannoma. Laparoscopic resection of the tumour was performed. Postoperative pathology and immunohistochemical analysis revealed schwannoma arising from seminal vesical.