457例孕妇PM2.5风险感知与防护行为个体差异和关联分析

目的 探讨孕妇对PM_2.5风险感知和防护行为的个体差异及感知与防护行为的关联性。 方法 选取457名妊娠期女性。采用自编问卷调研孕妇对PM_2.5的感知和防护情况,采用χ2检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验和有序多分类Logistic回归分析对数据进行统计分析。 结果 孕妇年龄越大,教育水平和收入水平越高,其对PM_2.5关注度越高(χ2=14.19,P=0.007; χ2=19.61,P<0.001; χ2=8.93,P=0.030)。同时,对PM_2.5完全不关注的孕妇和低收入(<4 000元/月)孕妇在应对PM_2.5污染时的措施采取度更低(OR=0.30,95%CI 0.15~0.60,P=0.001;OR=0.37,95%CI: 0.20~0.69,P=0.002)。 结论 低收入孕妇更容易受到PM_2.5的影响,需要提高这类群体对PM_2.5的关注度,增强其抵御PM_2.5风险的能力。     

CT双期增强扫描对182枚甲状腺良恶性结节的诊断价值

目的 探讨CT双期增强扫描在甲状腺良恶性结节鉴别诊断中的价值。 方法 回顾性分析经组织病理学证实的175例182枚甲状腺结节CT资料,其中良性结节60例,恶性结节122例。观察结节形态、密度、位置、ΔCT值(甲状腺与结节的CT差值)及强化方式在良恶性结节中的分布差异,采用单因素和多因素二分类Logistic回归分析进行检验,比较两组阳性CT征象对良恶性结节预测价值的OR值、预测概率曲线下面积。 结果 影像学显示形态(χ2=50.661,P<0.001)、密度(χ2=60.042,P<0.001)、位置(χ2=48.916,P<0.001)、ΔCT值(χ2=45.647,P<0.001)在甲状腺良恶性结节中的分布特征差异有统计学意义,强化方式在两组中差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.586,P=0.434)。4种阳性征象联合预测概率曲线下面积值为0.899,当预测概率为0.711时,约登指数最大,此时诊断恶性结节的敏感度和特异性分别是0.869和0.783。 结论 CT双期增强扫描对甲状腺良恶性结节鉴别诊断有重要价值,多种CT征象联合可提高甲状腺良恶性结节的预测价值。     

188例儿童系统性红斑狼疮5年生存率及预后分析

目的 探讨儿童系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的临床特点,分析其5年生存率、复发和死亡原因以及影响生存预后的因素,为改善cSLE的预后、指导治疗提供依据。 方法 回顾性收集2009年1月1日至2020年12月31日小儿肾脏风湿免疫科SLE患儿188例的临床资料,并行门诊或电话随访。使用非参数乘积法分析生存率,采用时序检验、比例风险模型行预后因素分析。 结果 188例SLE患儿,男40例,女148例,平均发病年龄(10.64±2.12)岁,发病到确诊中位病程30(15,60)d。最常见的临床表现是发热、皮疹。患儿确诊时最常见合并肾脏损害及血液系统损害。随访期间,73例(38.8%)患儿病情复发,主要原因是依从性差、感染。16例患儿死亡,主要原因是依从性差、多脏器损害、感染、肾功能不全。患儿1、3、5年总体生存率分别为94.1%、92.9%、91.7%。单因素分析显示,心血管系统损害(χ2=4.464,P=0.035)、神经系统损害(χ2=6.545,P=0.011)、血液系统损害(χ2=3.888,P=0.049)、大量蛋白尿(χ2=5.641,P=0.018)、初诊疾病重度活动(χ2=4.679,P=0.031)、诱导治疗疾病无活动(χ2=7.561,P=0.006)、复发(χ2=13.786,P≤0.001)与SLE预后相关,进一步Cox多因素回归分析显示,心血管系统损害(HR=3.361,95%CI:1.251~9.029,P=0.016)、神经系统损害(HR=2.997,95%CI:1.076~8.349,P=0.036)、大量蛋白尿(HR=2.162,95%CI:1.079~4.334,P=0.030)、复发(HR=4.663,95%CI:1.666~13.049,P=0.003)是导致SLE预后不佳的独立危险因素。 结论 本研究SLE患儿主要临床表现以发热、皮疹最为多见,系统损害以肾脏损害、血液系统损害最为多见。合并心血管系统损害、神经系统损害、大量蛋白尿、疾病复发的SLE患儿5年总体预后不佳,治疗时积极控制脏器损害、及时降低蛋白尿、预防疾病复发是提高生存率的关键。     

不同胎龄围生期窒息与多器官功能损伤的相关性

目的 探讨不同胎龄围生期窒息与多器官功能损伤(MODS)的相关性。 方法 收集山东大学附属济南市中心医院产科有窒息高危因素的新生儿165例,根据脐动脉血气分析结果及Apgar评分判断有无围生期窒息,将其分为早产窒息组、足月窒息组、早产对照组、足月对照组,比较各组MODS的发生率。165例中发生围生期窒息的新生儿有79例,根据胎龄将其分为早期早产窒息组、晚期早产窒息组、足月窒息组,比较各组窒息后MODS的严重程度;根据窒息程度分为轻度窒息组、重度窒息组,比较两组MODS的发生率及严重程度。 结果 早产窒息组MODS发生率高于足月儿窒息组(χ2=5.37, P<0.05)。窒息后MODS严重程度:早期早产窒息组、晚期早产窒息组、足月窒息组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.11, P<0.05),胎龄与MODS的发生率呈正相关性(r=0.29),胎龄与窒息后MODS程度呈正相关性(r=0.35);轻度窒息组与重度窒息组MODS发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2= 9.30, P<0.05),轻度窒息组与重度窒息组MODS严重程度差异有统计学意义(χ2= 6.80, P<0.05)。 结论 早产儿围生期窒息后发生MODS的风险高于足月儿;胎龄越小,窒息后MODS的发生率越高、程度越重;围生期窒息越重,MODS的发生率越高、程度越严重。     

Ⅲ期小细胞肺癌年轻患者的肿瘤特异性生存优势

目的 考察年龄对小细胞肺癌(SCLC)患者预后评估的价值。 方法 登陆监测、流行病学及最终结果(SEER)登记系统,查询2010年1月至2013年12月的所有SCLC病例(n=17 237)。青年组定义为年龄≤49岁的患者(n=733),中年组定义为50~64岁的患者(n=6 332),老年组定义为年龄≥65岁的患者(n=10 172)。分析各组患者的临床病理特征,获取肿瘤特异性生存(CSS)等数据,应用Kaplan-Meier法及多变量Cox回归模型进行统计分析。 结果 单因素及多因素分析均显示,随着年龄的增加,CSS缩短(χ2=342.08, P<0.001),其中青年组患者的OS(χ2=203.90, P<0.001)和CSS(χ2=160.50, P<0.001)均提高。中年组风险比(HR)为1.177(95%CI:1.068~1.296, P=0.001),老年组HR为1.643(95%CI:1.495~1.807, P<0.001)。在Ⅰ期(P=0.015)、Ⅲ期(P<0.001)、Ⅳ期(P<0.001)或接受非手术治疗(P<0.001)的患者中,年龄越小,CSS越具优势。 结论 年龄≤49岁的SCLC患者较更年长患者具有生存优势;在Ⅲ期及接受非手术治疗的患者中,年龄具有较明确的预后价值。     

青少年不宁腿综合征与自杀行为的关系

目的 探究青少年不宁腿综合征和自杀行为间的关系。 方法 在山东省三县(市)采用方便整群抽样的方式共选取5所初中和3所高中作为目标学校,调查对象为来自目标学校的7~11年级学生,发放问卷收集相关资料,包括研究对象的一般人口学信息、不宁腿综合征、自杀行为、抑郁和失眠等信息,共收集有效调查问卷11 831份。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析不宁腿综合征和自杀行为的关系。 结果 11 831名研究对象的平均年龄为(14.97±1.46)岁,49.1%是女性。不宁腿综合征组的自杀行为(33.3% vs 21.6%,P<0.05)、自杀意念(29.7% vs 19.5%,P<0.05)、自杀计划(15.2% vs 9.0%,P<0.05)和自杀未遂(7.0% vs 3.6%,P<0.05)的报告率均高于非不宁腿综合征组。调整其他潜在混杂因素后,多因素Logistic回归分析显示不宁腿综合征与自杀行为(OR=1.36, 95%CI=1.18~1.57)、自杀意念(OR=1.25, 95%CI=1.08~1.46)、自杀计划(OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.04~1.52)和自杀未遂(OR=1.35, 95%CI=1.03~1.76)的关联均具有统计学意义。 结论 在青少年中,不宁腿综合征和自杀行为间存在关联。     

DC-CIK细胞联合EGFR-TKI治疗35例老年晚期EGFR突变肺癌的效果

目的 探讨树突状细胞-细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(DC-CIK)联合表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGRF-TKI)治疗老年晚期表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)突变肺癌的临床疗效。 方法 将70例Ⅳ期EGFR突变肺癌患者分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组35例,给予DC-CIK细胞治疗联合吉非替尼或厄洛替尼靶向治疗;对照组35例,给予吉非替尼或厄洛替尼靶向治疗。 结果 治疗组的疾病控制率(DCR)为88.6%,高于对照组的68.6%(P=0.041),治疗组生活质量评分改善率为71.4%,高于对照组的45.7%(P=0.029),差异均有统计学意义。治疗组和对照组的1年、2年和3年总生存(OS)率分别为62.9% vs 57.1%、37.1% vs 31.4%和8.6% vs 2.9%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.217)。治疗组和对照组的1年、2年和3年无进展生存(PFS)率分别为57.1% vs 31.4%、20.0% vs 5.7%和2.9% vs 0%,两组差异有统计学意义(P=0.005)。多因素分析显示,腺癌(HR=0.178,95%CI:0.061~0.523)及高分化(HR=0.058,95%CI:0.015~0.228)患者OS更长,腺癌(HR=0.271,95%CI:0.094~0.777)及高分化(HR=0.089,95%CI:0.029~0.272)患者PFS也更长。治疗组和对照组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 DC-CIK细胞联合EGRF-TKI可以提高晚期老年EGFR突变肺癌患者的疾病控制率和生活质量,延长患者的PFS。     

加速康复外科理念在1~3岁日间疝手术中的应用

目的 探讨加速康复外科(ERAS)理念在1~3岁小儿外科日间疝手术中的应用效果。 方法 回顾性分析十堰市某三甲医院小儿外科自2018年7月至2019年9月期间收治的1 100例1~3岁腹股沟斜疝患儿资料,患儿均采用日间模式行腔镜疝手术治疗,按处理措施不同分为ERAS组和标准腔镜组。采用Mann-Whitney U和χ2检验分析两组基本特征分布差异,采用χ2检验和二分类Logistic回归分析比较两组术后指标差异。 结果 ERAS组(550例)和标准腔镜组(550例)在年龄、性别和体质量等方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但ERAS组在饥饿评分、疼痛评分(VAS评分)、Ramsay镇静评分、术后并发症等方面显著优于标准腔镜组(P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,标准腹腔镜组的术后并发症发生风险显著高于ERAS组(OR=4.41,95% CI为1.475~13.204)。 结论 ERAS措施在日间模式行腔镜疝手术中比标准腹腔镜治疗更有优势,值得在临床推广应用。     

核转运蛋白α2在胶质瘤中的表达及对其生物学行为的影响

目的 探讨核转运蛋白α2(KPNA2)在胶质瘤中的表达与临床意义以及KPNA2对胶质瘤细胞生物学活性的影响。 方法 收集脑星形胶质细胞瘤Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级各30例,癌周相对正常脑组织15例,qRT-PCR及免疫组化分析KPNA2的表达;制备KPNA2干扰质粒,并以慢病毒为载体转染进入胶质瘤细胞系U87、U251,CCK8、EdU法检测KPNA2敲除后对细胞增殖的影响,Transwell小室法检测KPNA2对胶质瘤细胞迁移和侵袭的影响。 结果 KPAN2在胶质瘤中表达升高,表达量与胶质瘤WHO分级呈正相关(r_s=0.559, P<0.001),与患者预后呈负相关(总生存率: χ2=21.39, P<0.001;无进展生存率: χ2=8.057, P=0.004)。KPNA2敲除后胶质瘤细胞系的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力均明显减弱。 结论 KPNA2在胶质瘤的发生发展中具有重要作用,可能成为新的临床诊治的标记物和治疗靶点。     

定期超声检查在中心静脉置入设备相关深静脉血栓诊治中的应用价值

目的 探讨定期超声检查在中心静脉置入设备相关深静脉血栓诊治中的应用价值。 方法 选取2018年5月至2019年9月于哈励逊国际和平医院应用中心静脉置入设备(CVAD)肿瘤患者440例,按随机数字表法分为观察组(n=221)和对照组(n=219)。观察组每隔3周超声检查记录是否出现中心静脉置入设备相关深静脉血栓(CRDVT),对照组则在出现临床症状后行超声检查诊断是否存在CRDVT,对两组确诊的CRDVT患者,进行不少于90 d的超声评估直至CVAD去除,记录治疗过程中是否存在血栓复发。比较两组间CRDVT诊断率、非计划CVAD去除率、血栓复发率以及血栓后综合征(PTS)发生率。 结果 两组基本资料差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组CRDVT诊断率为9.5%(21例),对照组CRDVT诊断率为4.6%(10例),两组间CRDVT诊断率差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.092,P=0.043);观察组CVAD非计划去除率为0.9%(2例),对照组CVAD非计划去除率为4.1%(9例),两组CVAD非计划去除率差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.634,P=0.031);观察组和对照组CRDVT患者90d的累积血栓复发率分别为15.3%和10.0%,两组累积血栓复发率差异无统计学意义(Logrank=0.003,P=0.953);观察组和对照组CRDVT患者血栓后综合征发生率分别为4.7%和40%,两组间PTS发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.886,P=0.049)。 结论 定期超声检查可以提高CRDVT的诊断率,减少非计划CVAD去除率及PTS发生率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.