米索前列醇联合催产素在预防产后出血中的作用

目的：探讨米索前列醇联合催产素对预防产后出血的效果。方法：2008-01-2009-07在本院分娩的产妇980例,随机分为试验组与对照组。对照组在胎儿娩出后立即给缩宫素10 U静脉注射。观察组则在胎儿娩出后立即给缩宫素注射的同时,放置米索前列醇片0.4 mg于肠壁处。结果：催产素联合米索前列醇组能有效缩短第三产程时间,产后24 h内出血量为（198.22±104.23）mL,而单纯催产素组为（230.45±124.50）mL,前者的出血量显著少于后者（P〈0.01）,且米索前列醇组用药前后血压、脉搏比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,无明显毒副作用。结论：米索前列醇联合催产素预防治疗产后出血,是一种安全、有效、简便的方法。     

米索前列醇预防产后出血效果分析

产后出血是分娩期的严重并发症,是产妇死亡的重要原因之一,在我国居产妇死亡原因的首位。为寻找一种预防产后出血的简易、高效的方法,我们在胎头着冠时给产妇一次性口服米索前列醇600μg,通过增强子宫收缩,预防产后出血,经240例临床观察效果显著。现报告如下。1 资料和方法1.1 临床资料 1999年3月～2000年1月,在武警江西总队医院、江西省妇产医院住院产妇中,以足月妊娠,无妊娠合并症或妊娠并发症的自然临产者460例,随机分为实验组(米索组)240例,对照组(催产素组)220例,各组产妇一般情况差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。1.2 给药方法 米索组于胎头着冠时立即口服米索前列醇600μg(由澳大利亚Searle公司生产,200μg/片);对照组于胎儿娩出后立即经臀部肌肉注射催产素20U。     

欣母沛辅助催产素联合肛塞米索前列醇预防产后出血的临床效果分析

目的 探讨欣母沛辅助催产素联合肛塞米索前列醇预防产后出血的效果.方法 选取治疗的274例剖宫产产妇作为分析对象,随机分为研究组(欣母沛+催产素+肛塞米索前列醇)和对照组(催产素+肛塞米索前列醇)各137例,统计分析两组产后出血量、产后出血发生率、术后住院时间以及产后不良反应发生情况.结果 两组不良反应发生率无明显差异(P＞0.05);研究组产后出血量、产后出血发生率、术后住院时间以及住院费用明显低于对照组,经统计学分析,P均＜0.05,差异具有显著性.结论 欣母沛辅助催产素联合肛塞米索前列醇能够有效预防产后出血,降低产后出血量,值得临床推广.     

缩宫素联合米索前列醇预防剖宫产产后出血的临床效果分析

目的：探讨缩宫素联合米索前列醇预防剖宫产产后出血的临床效果。方法选择收治的86例有产后出血高危因素,拟行剖宫产分娩产妇为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组。两组均于腰硬膜外联合麻醉后行剖宫产术,对照组给予缩宫素预防产后出血,观察组在对照组的基础上加用米索前列醇预防产后出血。观察两组产后出血发生率、产后2h平均出血量、子宫收缩情况及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组产后出血发生率显著低于对照组,观察组产后2h出血量少于对照组,观察组子宫收缩情况优于对照组,两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。结论缩宫素联合米索前列醇预防剖宫产产后出血临床效果显著,不良反应少。     

米索前列醇与缩宫素联合预防产后出血的临床观察

目的观察米索前列醇与缩宫素联合预防产后出血的效果。方法选取分娩初产妇均无前列腺素禁忌症，无妊娠期并发症和合并症，单胎头位足月妊娠自然分娩的产妇360例随机分为两组，第一组180例于胎儿前肩娩出后臀部肌肉注射缩宫素10u，另外加口服米索前列醇600txg为观察组。第二组180例为对照组于胎儿前肩娩出后臀部肌肉注射缩宫素10u。观察并记录产后出血情况，第三产程时间，生命体征变化及副作用。结果第三产程时间无明显变化（P〉0．05），两组比较产后2h出血量，产后出血发生率观察组明显少于对照组，两组有显著性差异（P〈0．05），分娩前后血红蛋白减少量两组有显著性差异（P〈0．05），血压无明显变化（P〉0．05），用药后副作用对产妇无太大影响。结论米索前列醇与缩宫素联合用于第三产程预防产后出血的效果优于单一应用缩宫素。     

米索前列醇预防产后出血的疗效观察

目的:研究探讨米索前列醇预防产后出血的疗效。方法:将足月正常产妇170例,随机分为缩宫素组和缩宫素+米索前列醇组(米索前列醇组)。缩宫素组,在胎儿娩出后单用缩宫素;米索前列醇组,在胎儿娩出后应用缩宫素的同时,立即舌下含化米索前列醇400μg。观察两组产时、产后出血量,血压及血红蛋白等。结果:产后2h内平均出血量,缩宫素组为239.25±113.11ml,米索前列醇组为189.17±125.49ml,差异非常显著(P<0.01);两组产后血红蛋白比较,差异非常显著(P<0.01)。两组用药前、后的血压变化无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:米索前列醇与缩宫素联合应用能较好地预防产后出血。     

米索前列醇预防产后出血300例分析

目的 探讨米索前列醇防治产后出血的临床效果.方法 通过对自然临产的300例初产妇,随机分为使用米索前列醇的实验组(200例)和注射缩宫素的对照组(100例),于第三产程早期给予米索前列醇400ug阴道给药或舌下含化给药和肌内注射或静脉注射缩宫素10U,观察两组第三产程时间,测量产后2小时内阴道流血量,以及观察药物的副反应.结果 米索前列醇对产后子宫收缩作用强于缩宫素,能有效预防产后出血发生.结论 米索前列醇防治产后出血简易、安全、高效.     

米索前列醇直肠给药对剖宫产后出血量的影响观察

目的：米索前列醇直肠给药对剖宫产后出血量的临床影响。方法对198例剖宫产患者随机分为实验组和对照组99例,常规应用催产素处理,试验组患者给予米索前列醇直肠给药,对照组患者不进行处理,剖腹产后对阴道出血进行清理,比较两组患者的术中及术后出血情况及患者不良反应。结果两分组在术中出血量的比较上均无统计学意义（ P＞0.05）;但在术后2 h及产后24 h出血量的出血量的比较上,治疗组均优于对照组（P＜0.05）;两分组在患者产后出血比例的比较上,治疗组优于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组不良反应率比较无统计学意义（ P＞0.05）。结论对于剖宫产患者,临床应用米索前列醇直肠给药可减少患者剖宫产后出血量,临床用药安全。     

宫腔内置入米索前列醇对妊高症剖宫产后出血的防治作用

目的 研究宫腔内置入米索前列醇对妊高症剖宫产后出血的防治作用,为临床诊疗提供一定的理论依据.方法 临床入选138例行剖宫产术的妊高症患者,按照入院先后顺序,根据随机数字法分成2组,每组69例.其中对照组在产后宫体注射催产素20 U,术后维持静滴催产素;治疗组则在产后宫腔内置入400 mg米索前列醇.观察分析两组治疗后的相关临床资料.结果 在手术前及术后5 h,两组之间的收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)均无统计学差异(P＞0.05);而在术后1 h、2 h,研究组的SBP和DBP均较对照组显著降低(P＜0.05).对照组产后出血量为(272.8±133.4)ml,按照产后2 h内出血量≥400 ml诊断为产后出血,产后出血有7例,其发生率为10.14%;而研究组产后出血量为(180.3±101.7)ml,产后出血有2例,其发生率为2.90%,两组在产后出血量和产后出血发生率方面具有统计学差异(P＜0.05).两组患者在药物毒副作用方面没有统计学差异(P＞0.5).结论 采用米索前列醇宫腔直接置入方法防治剖宫产的妊高症患者产后出血效果明确,毒副作用少,操作简单易行,可优先考虑采用.     

欣母沛用于产后出血32例临床观察

目的：观察欣母沛用于产后出血的临床疗效。方法：对比总结2008-11～2009-11期间产后出血应用催产素＋垂体后叶素40例与催产素＋欣母沛40例治疗效果的临床资料,即治疗组：阴道分娩肌注催产素20 u后子宫收缩乏力阴道出血≥350 mL者,立即宫颈、宫体注射或肌肉注射欣母沛250μg。对照组：阴道分娩肌注催产素20 u后子宫收缩乏力出血≥350 mL者,经宫颈注射催产素20 u或静脉滴注催产素20 u,其用药总量≤60 u后宫缩仍欠佳者,给予静脉滴注垂体后叶素6 u。结果：治疗组用药后好转时间快、血止时间快、继续出血量少,与应用相比,效果显著,有统计学意义。结论：对子宫收缩乏力出血者应用催产素＋欣母沛止血效果好,值得在基层医院推广应用。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.