Seasonal and hormonally induced changes in the serum level of the precursor protein vitellogenin in relation to ovarian vitellogenic growth in the toad Bufo bufo bufo (L.)

Initiation of ovarian vitellogenic growth after spawning in spring in the toad Bufo bufo was characterized by a marked increase in the level of vitellogenin in the serum. Throughout the remaining period of vitellogenic activity no marked accumulation of vitellogenin was observed in the serum. At the end of the period of hibernation the level had decreased.Hypophysectomy, performed shortly after ovulation, resulted in a decrease in the level of vitellogenin in the serum during the 2 weeks following the operation. In contrast, hypophysectomy performed at the end of the vitellogenic growth period in the fall caused a slight increase in the level of vitellogenin. This was also the case if the ovary was removed in the fall.Administration of 50 IU of HCG to hypophysectomized toads caused a decrease in the level of vitellogenin in the serum, but a group of vitellogenic oocytes could at the same time be observed in the ovary. No vitellogenic oocytes appeared in the ovary when hypophysectomized toads were treated with 1 μg of estradiol-17β, which in turn caused a steady increase in the level of vitellogenin in the serum. Administration of HCG and estradiol simultaneously to hypophysectomized toads resulted in a decrease in the level of vitellogenin and also in a large growth of a group of vitellogenic oocytes. Administration of HCG to hypophysectomized and ovariectomized toads did not have any direct effect on the liver cell synthesis of vitellogenin.     

Lower gastrointestinal malignancy in Crohn's disease.

An increased incidence of carcinoma of the small bowel and colon has been described in patients with Crohn's disease. Tumours arising in the rectum and anus are reported less often. Between 1940 and 1992, of some 2500 patients with Crohn's disease seen at this hospital, 15 are known to have developed carcinoma of the lower gastrointestinal tract. Malignancy occurred in the colon in two patients, in the upper two thirds of rectum in one, in the lower third of rectum in seven, and in the anus in five. The 12 patients with carcinoma arising in the anus or lower rectum had longstanding severe anorectal Crohn's disease, which included a stricture in four, fistula in four, proctitis in one, abscess in two, and enlarged anal skin tags in one. The development of malignancy in patients with Crohn's disease may apply particularly to those with chronic complicated anorectal disease.     

Objective grading of the loss of pain and touch sensations in leprosy patients

Two new instruments named Pain/Touch Sensation Testing and Grading devices, which provide standardized and graded stimuli of pain and touch, respectively, were employed to grade the sensory loss at the center of 110 lesions in 97 patients. The grades of sensory loss for pain were 0 (no sensory loss) in 8 lesions, 1 in 6 lesions, 2 in 14 lesions, 3 in 26 lesions, 4 in 19 lesions, and 5 (complete loss) in 37 lesions (total 110 lesions). Grades of sensory loss for touch were 0 in 12 lesions, 1 in 3 lesions, 2 in 5 lesions, 3 in 9 lesions, 4 in 15 lesions, and 5 in 22 lesions (total 66 lesions). Reevaluation done after 2-40 weeks in 46 of these lesions revealed that the grade for pain had decreased in 17 lesions, increased in 4, and remained the same in 25. The grade for loss of touch sensation had decreased in 10, increased in 1, and remained the same in 35. Grading of the sensory loss in most of the 1-cm-square areas of the entire lesion, done in 19 patients (26 lesions), revealed that the sensory loss was not uniform all over the lesion and it was also not maximum at the center of the lesion, though generally it was less at the margin in comparison with the central area. Follow up of 11 of these lesions revealed a decrease in the grades in 7 lesions for both pain and touch sensations, while 2 lesions showed a decrease in the grades for touch sensation only.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Evaluation of the echocardiographic parameters in definite electrocardiographic types of left ventricular hypertrophy]

Echocardiography parameters (thickness of the myocardium during the diastole, the mass of the left ventricular myocardium and its diastolic size) were compared with ECG types reflecting different combinations of signs of hypertrophy of the left ventricle (isolated increase in left ventricular voltage--type B, isolated change in the end part of the ventricular complex in the corresponding leads--type C, and combination of both signs on ECG "typical" of left ventricular hypertrophy--type D). The study was conducted on groups of patients with hypertensive disease and aorto-mitral valvular disease. Calculation of the statistically significant difference revealed an increase in the thickness of the myocardium during the diastole and in the mass of the myocardium of the left ventricle in type B and particularly in type D ECG, and a noticeable increase in the diastolic size of the left ventricle in ECG of type C and of type D in particular. This regularity confirms the conception that in increase in left ventricular voltage hypertrophy proper of the heart muscle develops in conjunction with an increase in the mass of the left ventricular myocardium mainly due to an increase in its thickness, while with changes in the end part of the ventricular complex an increase in the diastolic size of the left ventricle is revealed. The regularity is clearly detected both in hypertensive disease and in aorto-mitral valvular disease.     

湖北省血吸虫病不同亚型流行区抽样调查病情对比分析

目的 掌握全省血吸虫病不同亚型流行区病情动态，评价防治效果，为制定防治规划提供科学依据。方法 以行政村为单位．采用分层整群随机抽样法，于1989、1995、2001三个年度分别对人、畜进行血吸虫粪检查病，用EXCELL建立数据库，SAS统计分析。结果 3次抽样调查中，不同亚型流行区人群和耕牛感染率总体呈下降趋势，但病人和人群感染度(EPG)均呈上升趋势。洲滩、垸内地区居民感染率和EPG男性高于女性，但丘陵地区女性高于男性；各亚型流行区30-岁以上的年龄组人群感染率和EPG较高。2001年洲滩、丘陵地区人群感染率和EPG最高的职业是农民，垸内地区是渔民。结论 3次抽样调查结果显示，虽然全省人群和耕牛感染率总体呈下降趋势，但不同亚型流行区的病人和人群EPG均呈上升趋势。因此，防治工作需针对不同亚型地区的流行特点，因地制宜，加大力度。巩固血防成果。     

2005～2006年江西省血吸虫病疫情监测点螺情调查结果分析

目的分析2005～2006年江西省12个国家级血吸虫病疫情监测点螺情调查结果,掌握各监测点钉螺消长情况。方法依据《全国血吸虫病疫情监测点方案》,对各监测点钉螺孳生环境与可疑环境进行调查,比较两年的各项螺情指标。结果2006年12个监测点的有螺面积较2005年下降17.27%,但各监测点有螺面积下降幅度不相一致,有10个监测点查出有阳性钉螺分布;另外各监测点活螺密度、阳性螺密度也有较大波动。结论各监测点螺情依然严重,应加强控制钉螺的防治力度。     

白细胞介素17在大鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病和支气管哮喘模型中的变化及意义

目的了解白细胞介素17(IL17)在大鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)和支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)模型中的变化。方法SD雄性大鼠随机分为COPD组(13只)、哮喘组(11只)、吸烟组(11只)和正常对照组(12只);观察各组大鼠气道病理改变,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)及肺组织匀浆IL17水平;免疫组化及图像分析法检测肺组织IL17及胞间黏附分子1(ICAM1),CD3、CD4、CD8的表达。结果COPD组和哮喘组肺组织匀浆IL17和BALF中IL17均显著增高,与正常对照组和吸烟组比较差异有显著性(P均<001);COPD组IL17主要在支气管上皮细胞内表达,哮喘组则在气道周围单核淋巴细胞内表达;COPD组和哮喘组IL17表达量均显著高于正常对照组及吸烟组(P<001或<005)。COPD组肺组织匀浆IL17与BALF中中性粒细胞(r=0676,P=0002)以及BALF中IL17与小气道平滑肌增生均呈正相关(r=0641,P=0046);肺组织匀浆IL17与ICAM1呈正相关(r=0550,P=0051);哮喘组肺组织匀浆IL17分别与BALF中嗜酸粒细胞(r=0884,P=0001)和肺组织CD3T细胞呈正相关(r=0812,P=0002)。结论COPD中IL17可能通过增强ICAM1的表达等途径促进中性粒细胞在气道内聚集,参与对COPD气道炎症的调节。IL17在哮喘中的作用可能与其促进嗜酸粒细胞在气道内聚集有关。     

Trends in the kidney cancer incidence and mortality in the Slovak and Czech Republics in 1980-2005 - in the context of an international comparison

Incidence rates of kidney cancer vary in global standards more than tenfold, the highest worldwide rates are repeatedly registered in the Czech Republic (hereafter CR) and in other geographically neighbouring countries in Central Europe, including the Slovak Republic (hereafter SR). The aim of the study was to analyse the changes in time trends of incidence and mortality from kidney cancer in two geographically close countries (CR and SR) and to compare detected differences with the worldwide data. In spite of high rates of incidence and its global growth in analyses in 1980 - 2005, the character of its progress in time was changed in both countries. While in 1980 - 1994 the incidence of kidney cancer in males and females in both analysed countries increased significantly, after 1994 (to 2005) stagnation in males in SR and significant slowdown of its growth in males in CR were reported. In females in SR after 1994 significant slowdown of the incidence growth was reported and in CR there was even its non-significant fall. Mortality trend in both sexes in both countries in 1980-2005 was slower than the incidence. After 1994 (to 2005) in males in SR statistically non-significant slowdown of mortality growth was reported, in CR it was statistically significant fall of mortality rates. In women after 1994 (to 2005) statistically non-significant decrease was reported, in CR the decrease was significant. The increase of total incidence of the disease is not explained only by the growth of asymptomatic localized tumors due to high quality diagnostic methods, but it likely reflects actual growth of new cases of the disease. Assumed partial cause of the mortality stabilization and slowdown of the incidence growth after its previous culmination in 1994 is the decline of smoking and obesity prevalence in the last decades in men, although this fact does not reflect situation in women. More striking mortality decrease in CR in comparison with SR might be influenced by potentially more radical surgical therapy (rate of the amount of surgery within primary therapy according to the data in National Cancer Registry CR raises, in SR the data are not available) and by more significant increase of the disease rate in the clinical stages I and II in CR (in SR only short-time data are available).     

Uptake of alpha-tocopherol by the mammary gland but not by white adipose tissue is dependent on lipoprotein lipase activity around parturition and during lactation in the rat

This study was undertaken to test the potential role of changes in lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in the mammary gland and adipose tissue around parturition and lactation on the uptake of alpha-tocopherol in the rat. Plasma levels of alpha-tocopherol and triglycerides were higher in 20-day pregnant rats than in virgin rats, whereas its concentration was higher in the mammary gland of the former, and no differences were detected in adipose tissue between the groups. After an oral alpha-tocopherol and triglyceride load, both appeared in plasma faster in pregnant rats than in virgin rats, the change being even faster for alpha-tocopherol than for triglycerides. After 24 hours, both alpha-tocopherol and triglycerides in d < 1.006 lipoproteins were higher in pregnant rats than in virgin rats, LPL activity was higher in the mammary gland, and lower in adipose tissue in the former, whereas alpha-tocopherol concentration also appeared higher in the mammary gland of pregnant rats, and no differences were detected between the groups in adipose tissue. At day 13 of lactation, an oral load of alpha-tocopherol and triglycerides caused a higher increase of plasma alpha-tocopherol levels than triglycerides, and this effect decreased when rats had their litter removed 48 hours before analysis. In these litter-removed rats, the appearance of alpha-tocopherol and triglycerides in plasma was higher in d < 1.006 lipoproteins than in lactating rats. Also, both LPL activity and alpha-tocopherol concentration in the mammary gland plus milk was lower in litter-removed rats than in the lactating rats, whereas LPL in adipose tissue was higher in the former, although no difference in alpha-tocopherol was found. Thus, data are consistent with the role of LPL activity in the mammary gland modulating the uptake of alpha-tocopherol during pregnancy and lactation, although this is not true in adipose tissue.     

Ethanol-induced gastrointestinal damage influence of endogenous antioxidant components and gender

This study compared the effects of undiluted and 8% ethanol administered orally on gastrointestinal antioxidant components of male and female rats. Eight percent ethanol increased the activities of duodenal glutathione peroxidase (29% in males, 14% in females) and superoxide dismutase in female gastric (24%) and male duodenal (15%) mucosa. This dose of ethanol also increased the glutathione content of gastric mucosa (12% in males, 13% in females). Undiluted ethanol decreased glutathione levels in gastric mucosa (22% in males, 11% in females) and increased glutathione peroxidase activity in gastric mucosa (14% in males, 9% in females). Undiluted alcohol also produced decreases in the activity of glutathione reductase in stomach (14% in males, 9% in females) and duodenum (16% in males, 12% in females). Undiluted ethanol caused mucosal damage in the body of the stomach in both genders, accompanied by an increase in luminal pH and fluid accumulation in the stomach; these changes were absent in rats given 8% ethanol. The increase in gastrointestinal antioxidant capacity associated with the administration of 8% ethanol may be a factor in the reported cytoprotective effect of lower doses of ethanol.     

Autoregulatory system of insulin degradation in liver. II. Relationship between blood insulin levels and GSH-dependent insulin degrading activity in liver and blood.

An autoregulatory system of insulin degradation in the liver in which the rate of insulin metabolism changes in response to fluctuation in its blood levels, was investigated. In the plasma of rats and man in the absence of reduced glutathione (GSH), insulin degradation was not observed, but when a sufficient amount of reduced glutathione was added, the plasma did degrade insulin. This GSH-dependent insulin degrading activity in plasma was quite similar to that in liver in its nature. In rats, this GSH-dependent insulin degrading activity in the liver and plasma was fluctuated in response to fluctuation in the blood insulin levels, and the GSH-dependent insulin degrading activity in plasma was well correlated with that in the liver. Similarly, in man the GSH-dependent insulin degrading activity in plasma was changed in response to fluctuation in the blood insulin levels. In plasma under the physiologic conditions, there is an insufficient amount of reduced glutathione to elicit the insulin degrading activity, but in the liver there is a sufficient amount of reduced glutathione to manifest this activity. This evidence further supports the concept that an autoregulatory system of insulin degradation in the liver exists in man.     

Comparison of late (62 to 140 months) degenerative changes in simultaneously implanted and explanted mitral valve positions in six patients

A Hancock porcine bioprosthesis (PB) was simultaneously implanted in each of 6 patients aged 30 to 64 years (mean 45) in the tricuspid and mitral valve positions and both PBs were explanted 62 to 140 months (mean 102) later. Cuspal degenerative changes occurred in all 12 PBs. In 5 patients, the changes were more extensive on the PBs in the mitral position than in those in the tricuspid position. Cuspal calcific deposits, as determined by radiographs of the explanted bioprostheses, occurred in 5 PBs in the mitral position and in 3 in the tricuspid position: 1 patient with calcific deposits in the PB in the mitral position had no calcific deposits in the corresponding PB in the tricuspid position; 1 patient had heavy calcific deposits in the PB in the mitral position and only mild deposits in the PB in the tricuspid position; and 3 patients had similar but mild calcific deposits in both PBs. Cuspal tears occurred in 5 of the 6 PBs in the mitral position and in no PB in the tricuspid position. Thrombus was observed on the ventricular aspects of the bioprosthetic cusps in 1 PB in the mitral position and in 4 PBs in the tricuspid position. Thus, in our 6 patients, the degenerative changes were more extensive in the PBs in the mitral position than in those in the tricuspid position. These observations indicate that wear characteristics of simultaneously implanted PBs vary according to the site of implantation.     

药物洗脱球囊在冠状动脉特殊病变介入治疗中的应用分析

目的分析药物洗脱球囊（DEB）在再狭窄病变、支架内闭塞病变、分叉病变及小血管病变中的应用情况。方法根据冠状动脉造影结果选择不同型号的DEB,严格按照DEB使用要求进行操作。结果 DEB在支架内再狭窄病变中应用26例（27处病变）,使用28个DEB,其中左主干（LM）1个、左前降支（LAD）12个、右冠状动脉（RCA）12个、回旋支（LCX）1个、钝缘支（OM）2个,出现1例冠状动脉夹层,给予裸金属支架置入;DEB在分叉病变中应用27例（28处病变）,使用28个DEB,其中LM至LCX开口6个、LM至LAD开口1个、LAD与第一对角支（D1）开口17个、LCX至OM 2个、RCA至左心室后支（PL）2个;DEB在小血管病变中应用13例（13处病变）,使用13个DEB,其中LCX 6个、LAD 3个、D1 2个、OM 1个、PL 1个;DEB在支架内闭塞病变中应用10例（10处病变）,使用12个DEB,其中LAD 8个、LCX 2个、OM 1个、中间支1个。术中及术后未见并发症发生,随访至今未发生主要不良心血管事件（MACE）。结论 DEB在再狭窄病变、支架内闭塞病变、分叉病变及小血管病变介入治疗过程中是安全的。     

Influences of gender and age on relationships between alcohol drinking and atherosclerotic risk factors

Background: Alcohol drinking affects atherosclerotic progression mainly through blood pressure and lipid metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to clarify whether effects of alcohol drinking on atherosclerotic risk factors differ by gender and age. Methods: The database of periodic health check-ups for local district workers was used. The subjects were divided into 3 groups according to mean ethanol consumption per day (nondrinkers; light drinkers, less than 30 g per day; moderate-to-heavy drinkers, 30 g or more per day). The mean levels of each atherosclerosis-related variable in the 3 groups were compared. Results: The mean level of body mass index (BMI) was slightly but significantly lower in drinkers than in nondrinkers in the thirties, forties, and fifties age groups in men and in the twenties, thirties, forties, and fifties age groups in women, while this tendency was not found in the sixties age groups of men and women. In men, mean blood pressure was higher in moderate-to-heavy drinkers than in nondrinkers in all age groups and was higher in light drinkers than in nondrinkers only in the age groups after 40 years. Mean blood pressure of women was higher in the moderate-to-heavy drinker group than in the nondrinker group and this difference became higher with advance of age. In women, mean blood pressure was not affected by light drinking in any of the age groups except for the fifties age group. In men, serum total cholesterol was higher in drinkers than in nondrinkers in the twenties age group but was lower in drinkers than in nondrinkers at thirties or older. Serum total cholesterol in women was lower in drinkers than in nondrinkers in the age groups from twenties to forties but tended to be higher in drinkers than in nondrinkers in the sixties age group. Serum HDL cholesterol increased with advance of age from thirties to sixties in men, while it decreased with advance of age from twenties to sixties in women. Serum HDL cholesterol was higher in drinkers than in nondrinkers in all age groups of men and women, and atherogenic index, calculated by using serum total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol concentrations, was lower in drinkers than in nondrinkers in all age groups of men and women. Conclusion: Both in men and women, blood pressure and HDL cholesterol were strongly affected by alcohol drinking: the elevating effect of alcohol drinking on blood pressure was more prominent in the elderly than in the young, while the elevating effect of alcohol drinking on serum HDL cholesterol was not influenced by age. Relationships of drinking with total cholesterol and BMI vary by age and gender.     

Epidemiology of syphilis in Bulgaria, 1990-1998

There have been great political, social and economic changes in Bulgaria since 1990 with higher incidences of syphilis when compared with the previously controlled morbidity of syphilis. There has been a 7-fold increase in 1998 compared with 1990. The male/female ratio remained the same 1.2:1. A higher number of cases was reported in cities than in villages and small towns, 80.68% in 1990; 73.4% in 1998. The number of employed patients with syphilis has decreased during the years--from 75.5% in 1990 to 44% in 1998, with a corresponding increase in syphilis in the unemployed. The age group at highest risk is 20-24 years, 28.7% in 1991; 24% in 1998. The least affected group are those older than 55--the incidence being 6.34% in 1990; 2.6% in 1997 and 4% in 1998. The prevalence of the different stages of early infection remained the same. The incidence of congenital syphilis increased from 1 in 1990 and 1991 to 21 in 1996, 29 in 1997 and 35 in 1998.     

Maximal revascularization (reperfusion) in intact conscious dogs after 2 to 5 hours of coronary occlusion.

Acute infarction was produced in intact conscious dogs by inflating a previously implanted balloon cuff around the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded in 26 control dogs and reperfused by deflating the balloon cuff after 2 hours of occlusion in 19 dogs (group II) and after 5 hours in 11 dogs (group III). Serial studies were performed and repeated after 48 hours and 7 days. All three groups revealed hemodynamic and metabolic deterioration with coronary occlusion and infarct production. Immediately after reperfusion, arrhythmias developed in groups II and III and persistent ventricular tachycardia was present 2 to 3 hours after reperfusion in 74 percent of animals in group II and 82 percent of those in group III compared with 6 percent and 13 percent incidence rates at corresponding times in control dogs. Q waves developed in 83 percent of animals in group II and 100 percent of those in group III but in only 12 and 27 percent of control animals at corresponding times. Hemodynamic deterioration was accelerated in the postreperfusion period in both groups II and III. Angiographic assessment revealed improvement in 42 percent of dogs in group II, but in none of those in group III after reperfusion. Myocardial oxygen extraction diminished to subnormal levels after reperfusion, indicating either reactive hyperemia or shunting effect. Mortality was not significantly influenced by reperfusion. Infarct size was more than 15 percent of ventricular mass in 92 percent of control dogs and in 100 percent of dogs in group III, but in only 50 percent of those in group II. The data indicate that reperfusion in conscious dogs representing early, noninvasive maximal revascularization under ideal circumstances fails to prevent deterioration or death; instead it hastens the development of arrhythmias and myocardial injury. Reperfusion, although deleterious in the first hours, can reduce infarct size if performed after 2 hours, but not after 5 hours, of occlusion.     

Antiplatelet treatment with ticlopidine in unstable angina. A controlled multicenter clinical trial. The Studio della Ticlopidina nell'Angina Instabile Group

We conducted a controlled multicenter trial with central randomization and evaluation of events under blind conditions involving 652 patients with unstable angina. Patients were treated either with conventional therapy alone (group C) (n = 338) or with conventional therapy combined with an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, ticlopidine 250 mg b.i.d. (group C + T) (n = 314). Patients were assigned randomly within 48 hours of admission and followed up for 6 months. With the "intention-to-treat" approach, the primary end points, vascular death and nonfatal myocardial infarction, were observed in 13.6% of the patients in group C and in 7.3% of the patients in group C + T, which is a reduction in risk of 46.3% (p = 0.009). Vascular mortality was 4.7% in patients in group C and 2.5% in patients in group C + T, which is a reduction in risk of 46.8% (p = 0.139). The risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction was reduced by 46.1% (p = 0.039), with a frequency of 8.9% in patients in group C and 4.8% in patients in group C + T. New Q wave myocardial infarction occurred with a frequency of 6.8% in patients in group C and 3.8% in patients in group C + T, which is a reduction in risk of 44.1% (p = 0.091). Fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction was 10.9% in patients in group C and 5.1% in patients in group C + T, which is a reduction in risk of 53.2% (p = 0.006). These findings confirm the importance of platelets in the pathogenesis of unstable angina and the usefulness of antiplatelet treatment for the prevention of cardiovascular events.     

Sex difference in gene expressions of cholecystokinin (CCK) and CCK receptor in young and old rats

The gene expressions of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the proximal small intestinal mucosa and CCK-A receptor in the pancreas were examined in male and female young (4-8 months old) and old (26-29 months old) rats. Their concentrations of CCK in the intestine were also compared. In males, but not in females, the mRNA levels of CCK in the intestine and those of the CCK-A receptor in the pancreas were significantly lower in old than young rats. In females, but not in males, the tissue content of CCK in the proximal intestinal mucosa was significantly higher in old rats. The pancreatic wet weight and trypsin activity in the proximal lumen were similar in young and old rats of both sexes. Therefore, changes in the regulations of gene expressions of CCK and the CCK receptor with age differ in male and female rats.     

Malignant neoplasms of the pancreas. A study based on autopsy data from 1953 to 1982 in Bialystok, Poland. II. A survey of 195 cases

Among 195 malignant neoplasms of the pancreas (MNP) diagnosed at autopsy in 1953--1982 the exocrine carcinomas comprised 85.6% and inmular carcinomas 13.8% of cases. MNP were localized most frequently in the head of the pancreas (54.4%), then in the whole pancreas in 14.9%, in the head and the body or in the body and the tail in 20.5%, in the body or in the tail in 10.3% of MNP. There were no infiltrations and no metastases in other organs only in 16 patients (8.2% of MNP). The biliary tracts and duodenum were the most frequent sites of secondary infiltrations. Metastases were most frequent in the liver, then in the liver hilus and mesentery lymph nodes. The concordance of clinical and post mortem diagnosis of MNP was stated in 40.5% cases.     

新疆包虫病流行病学基线的调查研究——Ⅱ.家犬和绵羊中细粒棘球绦虫感染

在新疆十二个代表性地区于进行人群血清学调查的同时,用剖检法调查家犬细粒棘球绦虫成虫感染率,用屠宰场调查法检查绵羊细粒棘球蚴感染水平。调查结果表明,在新疆各地的家犬和绵羊中都有细粒棘球绦虫的感染存在。 家犬成虫感染率以西部和中部天山牧区为最高(巴音布鲁克71.43％;特克斯69.57％)。塔里木盆地荒漠农业区最低(巴楚10.60％;且未6.90％)。 绵羊包虫病亦以天山牧区最高(80％以上),塔里木盆地绿洲和荒漠农业区最低(喀什市14.1％;巴楚12.18％;且未3.25％)。绵羊患病率随年龄的增长而上升,最高可达90％以上。南疆的喀什、和田地区绵羊患病率低而家犬成虫感染率高,可能是由于牛的包虫病患病率高造成的。在包囊发生部位上,天山牧区西、北天山区域以肝包虫占主要地位,肺包虫比例最低。中部天山区域肺包虫比例略有上升。南天山牧区肺包虫的比例较高。而塔里木南缘与东昆仑山和阿尔金山有牧业连系的且未县,绵羊肺包羊竟占85.71％。作者认为对脏器的趋性不同可能反映了不同虫株的生物学特征。讨论了流行程度的划分问题。建议应以人群血清学调查结果为主,结合家犬和绵羊的感染水平进行划分为宜。提出了划分不同程度地方性流行区的参考标准。