彩色多普勒血流显象对胰腺癌的诊断意义

目的：探讨彩色超声对胰腺癌的诊断价值。方法：常扫查胰其周围结构,发现肿瘤后引入彩色普勒技术,观察肿瘤内部及周边的血流分布,胰周围血管的走行及血流状态,并注意局部有无肿大淋巴结,邻近脏器有无受侵。结果：33例胰腺癌中,胰头部23例,误诊3例;全胰腺2例,误诊1例;胰体尾部8例,全部诊正确,诊断符合率87．9％（29／33）。CDFI观察肿瘤周边无“花蓝样”特征性彩色血流包绕;超声对胰周围淋巴结及重要血管周围淋巴结受侵的诊断率为83．3％（10／12）;对重要血管受侵的诊断率为71．4％（5／7）。结论CDFI对胰腺癌浸润周围血管的诊断极为有用对癌肿病灶的确定仅起辅助作用。     

彩色多普勒血流显像对子宫肌瘤的诊断意义

目的：研究彩色多普勒血流显像对子宫肌瘤的诊断意义。方法：66例子中肌瘤患者均采用膀胱充盈经腹壁二维常规扫查，发现肿物后CDFI观察血流情况。结果：超声诊断符合率87．9％（58／66）。肌瘤继发变性12．1％（7／58）。结论：彩色多普勒血流显像对子宫肌瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断非常有意义。对肌瘤继发变性，由于例数较少，有待今后继续探讨。     

彩色多普勒血流显像对子宫肌瘤的诊断意义

目的　研究彩色多普勒血流显像对子宫肌瘤的诊断意义。方法　 6 6例子宫肌瘤患者均采用膀胱充盈经腹壁二维常规扫查 ,发现肿物后 CDFI观察血流情况。结果　超声诊断符合率 87.9% (5 8/6 6 )。肌瘤继发变性 12 .1% (7/ 5 8)。结论　彩色多普勒血流显像对子宫肌瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断非常有意义。对肌瘤继发变性 ,由于例数较少 ,有待今后继续探讨     

高频彩色多普勒超声对乳腺恶性肿瘤的诊断

目的　明确高频彩色多普勒超声对乳腺恶性肿瘤的诊断价值。方法　 2 95例被手术、病理证实的乳腺恶性肿瘤 ,术前均经超声检查 ,观察二维声像图的同时检测彩色多普勒血流信号 ,并将其分为 0～Ⅲ级。结果　高频彩色多普勒超声对乳腺恶性肿瘤的检出率和诊断正确率分别为 97.3%、88.5 %。不同病理类型的肿瘤有特征性的二维声像图。肿瘤的彩色血流检出率为 93.0 % ,其中 0级 2 0例、Ⅰ级 4 4例、Ⅱ级 16 8例、Ⅲ级 5 5例。收缩期峰值流速 (PSV)均值为 2 1.4 9± 6 .74cm/s、阻力指数 (RI)均值为 0 .76± 0 .0 4。结论　高频超声和彩色多普勒技术结合能提高超声对乳腺恶性肿瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断能力。     

彩色多普勒超声在大肠癌诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声在大肠癌诊断中的应用价值.方法总结48例经手术及病理证实的大肠癌彩色多普勒超声声像图表现、血流特点以及与Dukes'分期的关系.结果大肠癌的彩色多普勒超声特征性表现为"假肾征""靶环征",83.3%(40/48)可于病灶内及周边部检测到较丰富的血流信号,其平均血流速度为16.24士0.05Cm/s,阻力指数为0.69士0.01,为高速、高阻血流特点.结论彩色多普勒超声在大肠癌诊断中有着重要的应用价值.     

彩色多普勒血流显像技术对乳腺肿瘤的鉴别诊断价值

目的：探讨彩色多普勒血流（CDFI）显像技术对乳腺肿瘤的鉴别诊断价值。方法：应用Philips iU22超声诊断仪高频探头对114例136枚乳腺肿瘤进行二维超声、CDFI检查并记录血流参数,比较良恶组之间的差异性。结果：乳腺良恶性肿瘤声像图特征的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值在组间有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。肿块血流检出率、血流分级在良恶性组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。PSV、PI、RI等血流动力学参数恶性组均高于良性组,组间存在显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论：二维超声、CDFI血流分级、血流动力学参数（PSV、RI、PI）综合分析和评价,鉴别乳腺肿瘤良恶性具有实用价值及临床意义。     

彩色多普勒血流显像技术对乳腺肿瘤的鉴别诊断价值

目的:探讨彩色多普勒血流(CDFI)显像技术对乳腺肿瘤的鉴别诊断价值.方法:应用Philips iU22超声诊断仪高频探头对114例136枚乳腺肿瘤进行二维超声、CDH检查并记录血流参数,比较良恶组之间的差异性.结果:乳腺良恶性肿瘤声像图特征的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值在组间有显著性差异(P＜0.05).肿块血流检出率、血流分级在良恶性组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).PSV、PI、RI等血流动力学参数恶性组均高于良性组,组间存在显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论:二维超声、CDFI血流分级、血流动力学参数(PSV、RI、PI)综合分析和评价,鉴别乳腺肿瘤良恶性具有实用价值及临床意义.     

彩色多普勒血流在乳腺癌和纤维腺瘤鉴别诊断中的价值

乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一.乳腺癌的发病率近年来呈逐年上升趋势,因此利用彩色多普勒超声对乳腺良、恶性肿块进行鉴别,提高诊断准确率,具有非常重要的意义。     

彩色多普勒超声对子宫内膜癌的诊断价值

 目的　探讨彩色多普勒超声 ( CDFI)对子宫内膜癌的诊断价值。方法　 32例阴道出血患者经超声检测子宫内膜厚度 ,观察子宫内膜声像图改变 ,并用 CDFI探测病变区峰值血流速度以及阻力指数。结果　二维超声将子宫内膜癌分三型 :弥漫型 ,局限型 ,息肉型。 CDFI表现为病变区丰富血流 ,阻力指数 <0 .4,彩超拟诊子宫内膜癌 2 7例 ,误诊 5例 ,与病理对照诊断符合率为84.37% ,结论　 CDFI对子宫内膜癌具有临床诊断价值。     

Papillary-cystic carcinoma of the pancreas

Papillary-cystic carcinoma of the pancreas is an extremely rare tumor which occurs in young adults, may invade locally, but is late to metasta-size. As opposed to adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, portal vein invasion should not be included as a criteria for nonresectability. In the absence of metastatic disease, pancreatectomy combined with portal vein resection, if invasion is present, may offer a good prognosis and comparatively long survival time.     

胰头癌手术切除可能性的术前评价

目的　通过总结胰头癌病人的临床表现和影像学检查结果来评价手术切除的可能性。方法　总结 3 2例胰头癌病人的临床表现和CT、磁共振 (MR)检查结果 ,判断肿瘤是否已发生邻近浸润或远处转移 ,以此来评价其手术切除的可能性。结果　在 2 2例作CT检查的病例中 ,判断正确的为 17例 ,准确率为 77.3 %。作MR检查 9例 ,全部判断正确 ,准确率为 10 0 %。结论　某些特殊的临床表现和CT、MR检查对判断肿瘤是否发生邻近浸润或转移有较大价值 ,为术前评价手术切除的可能性提供依据。     

Portal hypertension as an early manifestation of carcinoma of the pancreas

Massive hematemesis followed by 48 hours the onset of obstructive jaundice in a previously asymptomatic 38-year-old male patient. Splenomegaly was the only abnormal physical finding. Esophagoscopy visualized bleeding varices. The liver scan was normal. Dilated intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts and a possible retroperitoneal mass were demonstrated by ultrasonography. Laparotomy disclosed the presence of a carcinoma of the head and body of the pancreas that obstructed the common bile duct and the portal vein. This case report should draw attention to the vast spectrum of rare presentations of pancreas carcinoma.     

Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas

Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas is a rare tumor which is defined as a carcinoma that exhibits pancreatic enzyme production by neoplastic cells. This review includes re-cent developments in our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of ACC, imaging and pathological diagnosis and ap-proaches to treatment with reference to the literature.     

Non-icteric pancreas head carcinoma fares worse than icteric pancreas head carcinoma.

A total of 22 patients with non-icteric pancreas head carcinoma were retrospectively compared with 61 patients with icteric pancreas head carcinoma. No significant difference was found regarding age, sex, greatest diameter, macroscopic type, microscopic type, stage, lymphatic permeation, perineural infiltration, venous invasion, lymph node metastasis, and the presence of cancer cells at the surgical margins. The main location of pancreas head carcinoma could be divided into two sites: the superior (pericholedochal), and inferior or distal (excholedochal) areas of the pancreas head. Sixteen (73%) of the 22 non-icteric pancreas head carcinomas were located in the inferior or distal area (excholedochal), while 28 (46%) of the 61 icteric pancreas head carcinomas were situated in the superior portion (pericholedochal) (P less than 0.05). One (5%) of the 22 non-icteric pancreas head carcinomas was small pancreas carcinoma, compared with 11 (18%) of the 61 icteric pancreas head carcinomas. The cumulative 2-year and 4-year survival rates of the 22 patients with non-icteric pancreas head carcinoma were significantly worse than those of the 61 patients with icteric pancreas head carcinoma [7.9% vs. 24.6% (P less than 0.05) and 0% vs. 13.4% (P less than 0.01)]. These findings suggest that non-icteric pancreas head carcinomas normally arise in an area far from the biliary tree, and include a greater number of large tumors. Any resulting difficulty and delay in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease will usually lead to a worsening of the clinical course of non-icteric pancreas head carcinoma.     

Squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas

Epidermoid cancer of the panceras is a rare variety of this malignancy. A case is presented. It has a characteristic angiographic appearance. Though in the past it has had a prognosis similar to the more common adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, a chemotherapeutic agent effective against epidermoid tumors at other sites has been effective in a case reported in the recent cancer treatment literature.     

Surgery for carcinoma of the pancreas and periampullary structures: complications of resectional and palliative procedures

This is a retrospective review of 237 patients who had surgical exploration for proven or suspected malignant lesions of the pancreas (201 patients) and periampullary structures (36 patients). Among the former group, 128 patients had carcinoma diagnosed at initial operation (31 by resected specimens, 33 by liver, and 64 by other biopsies), four patients had Whipple resection for suspected carcinoma of pancreas but specimen showed chronic pancreatitis, and 69 patients had suspected carcinoma of the pancreas without histological proof. Among patients who had Whipple resections, the operative mortality was 20%. Over 40% of the deaths was due to systemic complications. Among patients with unresectable lesions, 19% died postoperatively. This figure correlated more with the condition of the host and the extent of the tumor rather than with the specific operative procedures: The operative mortality was 16-18% for those who had either biliary or duodenal bypass, 11% for those who had both type of bypass procedures, and 36% for those who did not have any bypass performed. Although near 60% of the death was secondary to advanced state of the malignant condition, some death could have been delayed or altered by more optimal biliary, duodenal decompression, and added therapy to decrease gastric acid. In patients with unresectable carcinoma of the head of the pancreas, the most optimal palliative procedures appear to be choledochojejunostomy constructed with a side-to-side anastomosis between common or hepatic bile duct and a loop of jejunum, supplemented with an enteroenterostomy below the biliary anastomosis, and a high gastrojejunostomy as a therapeutic or prophylactic treatment of duodenal obstruction.     

Hepatoid Carcinoma of the Pancreas： a Case Report

Case Report A 37-year old female patient suffering from an upper abdominal pain,accompanied by recent emaciation and anorexia that resulted from a two-month epigastric lump,visited a doctor in our hospital in January,2007.Physical examination of the patient by palpation identified a 10.0×8.0 cm2 lump from the xiphoid process above the middle and superior abdomen.The lesion was hard with a rough surface,the upper boundary unsharp,and the inferior and right boundary clearly apparent.The pain at the site of the lump was only apparent with touching at that site.     

胰头癌手术切除可能性的术前评价

目的通过总结胰头癌病人的临床表现和影象学检查结果来评价手术切除的可能性。方法总结32例胰头癌病人的临床表现和CT、磁共振（MRI）检查结果,判断肿瘤是否已发生邻近浸润或远处转移,以此来评价其手术切除的可能性。结果在22例作CT检查的病例中,判断正确的为17例,准确率为77．3%。作MR检查9例,全部判断正确,准确率为100%。结论某些特殊的临床表现和CT、MR检查对判断肿瘤是否发生邻近浸润或转移有较大价值,为术前评价手术切除的可能性提供依据。     

Carcinoma of the exocrine pancreas: pathologic aspects.

This discussion is based upon 205 autopsied cases of carcinoma of the pancreas. Sixty-six percent were male, eighty percent white, mean age 61.5 years. Fifty-three percent of tumors occurred in the head of the pancreas. Most lesions were moderately well-differentiated adenocarcinomas. Pathologic aspects of carcinoma of the pancreas are discussed.