鸡骨草的化学成分研究

目的研究鸡骨草Abrus cantoniensis全株的化学成分。方法柱色谱及高效液相色谱法分离其成分,光谱法鉴定其结构。结果分离鉴定了18个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ)、羽扇豆醇(Ⅱ)、原儿茶酸乙酯(Ⅲ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅳ)、原儿茶酸(Ⅴ)、肌醇甲醚(Ⅵ)、7,3′,4′-三羟基-黄酮(Ⅶ)、腺嘌呤(Ⅷ)、腺嘌呤核苷(Ⅸ)、biflorin(Ⅹ)、isobi-florin(Ⅺ)、相思子碱(ⅩⅡ)、N,N,N-三甲基-色氨酸(ⅩⅢ)、大豆皂苷(ⅩⅣ))、槐花皂苷(ⅩⅤ)、去氢大豆皂苷(ⅩⅥ)、abrisaponin So1(ⅩⅦ)、白桦酸(ⅩⅧ)。结论Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅶ～Ⅺ和皆为首次从本属中得到。除Ⅰ、ⅩⅡ、ⅩⅣ～ⅩⅥ外,其余13个化合物皆为首次从该植物中得到。     

川白芷化学成分研究

目的研究川白芷Ang elica d ahurica var.f orm osana的化学成分。方法利用硅胶柱色谱,Sephadex LH-20等分离纯化,光谱法鉴定结构。结果分离得到19个化合物,分别为异欧前胡素(Ⅰ)、欧前胡素(Ⅱ)、佛手柑内酯(Ⅲ)、别欧前胡素(Ⅳ)、花椒毒酚(Ⅴ)、8-甲氧基-5-羟基补骨脂素(Ⅵ)、比克白芷素(Ⅶ)、水合氧化前胡内酯(Ⅷ)、珊瑚菜内酯(Ⅸ)、花椒毒素(Ⅹ)、异回芹内酯(Ⅺ)、别异欧前胡素(ⅩⅡ)、psora lenqu inone(ⅩⅢ)、3-甲氧基-1H-吡咯(ⅩⅣ)、棕榈酸(ⅩⅤ)、硬脂酸(ⅩⅥ)、β-谷甾醇(ⅩⅦ)、豆甾醇(ⅩⅧ)、胡萝卜苷(ⅩⅨ)。结论化合物Ⅵ、ⅩⅢ、ⅩⅣ为首次从该植物分离得到,化合物Ⅰ~ⅩⅡ均为线性呋喃香豆素衍生物。     

白桂木化学成分研究

目的研究白桂木Artocarpus hypargyreus根皮的化学成分。方法用硅胶、聚酰胺和Sephadex LH-20柱色谱分离化合物,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果从白桂木根皮的乙醇提取物中分离得到14个化合物,分别鉴定为:3β-乙酰化羽扇豆烯醇(3β-acetoxy-lupenol,Ⅰ)、二十二烷酸(docosanoic acid,Ⅱ)、二十五烷酸(pentacosanoic acid,Ⅲ)、二十三烷酸(tricosanoic acid,Ⅳ)、羽扇豆醇(lupeol,Ⅴ)、白桦脂酸甲酯(methylbetulinate,Ⅵ)、棕榈酸(hexadecanoic acid,Ⅶ)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,Ⅷ)、白桦酯醇(betulin,Ⅸ)、artonin A(Ⅹ)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,Ⅺ)、oxyresveratrol[1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylene,ⅩⅡ],( )-儿茶素[( )-catechin,ⅩⅢ]、( )-afzelechin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(ⅩⅣ)。结论化合物Ⅰ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅸ为同一类化合物,属羽扇豆烷皂苷元类,化合物Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ为首次从波罗蜜属植物中得到。     

大叶蒟叶的化学成分研究

目的 研究大叶蒟BXPiper laetispicum叶子的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱和大孔吸附树脂分离纯化,通过波谱方法鉴定化合物结构。结果 从大叶蒟的叶中分离得到16个化合物,分别鉴定为(2E,4E)-N-isobutyl-11-phenylundecadienamide (Ⅰ)、 (2E,4E)-N-isobutyl-15-phenylpentadecadienamide (Ⅱ)、大叶蒟素(laetispicine,Ⅲ)、(2E,4E)-N-isobutyl-7-(3′,4′-methylene-dioxyphenyl) heptadienamide (Ⅳ)、短穗胡椒酰胺A(brachystamide A,Ⅴ)、dihydropipercide(Ⅵ)、粗梗胡椒酰胺A［(pipermacramide A, 2E,4E)-N-isobutyleicosadienamide,Ⅶ］、(+)匙叶桉油烯醇［(+)spathulenol,Ⅷ］、d-芝麻素(d-sesamin,Ⅸ)、胡椒醇(piperitol,Ⅹ)、牡荆苷(vitexin,Ⅺ)、vitexin2″-O-β-D-glucoside(ⅩⅡ)、N-p-coumaroyltyramine(ⅩⅢ)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,ⅩⅣ)、豆甾醇(stigmasterol,ⅩⅤ)、正三十二醇(1-dotriacontanol,ⅩⅥ)。结论 化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ为首次获得的天然产物,化合物Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅷ为首次从大叶蒟中分离得到,化合物Ⅺ、ⅩⅡ和ⅩⅥ为首次从胡椒属中分离得到。     

大接骨丹化学成分研究(Ⅱ)

目的 研究大接骨丹BXTorricellia angulata根皮的化学成分。方法 对大接骨丹95%乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯部位进行色谱分离,通过波谱分析或直接与对照品对照进行结构鉴定。结果 分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ)、7-羟基-6-甲氧基香豆素(Ⅱ)、硬脂酸(Ⅲ)、软脂酸(Ⅳ)、syringoylglycerol(Ⅴ)、2H-1-benzopyran-2-one(Ⅵ)、3,5二甲氧基苯甲醛(Ⅶ)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅷ)、9H-pyrano［2,3-f］-1,4-benzodioxin-9-one(Ⅸ)、(E)-对甲基苯丙烯醛(Ⅹ)、7-羰基-β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅺ)、邻,对-二甲氧基苯甲酸(ⅩⅡ)、10-griselinosidic acid(ⅩⅢ)。结论 化合物Ⅱ、Ⅴ～Ⅶ、Ⅸ～ⅩⅡ为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅸ为首次从鞘柄木属植物中分离得到。     

白术的化学成分研究

目的研究白术的化学成分。方法用溶剂提取,硅胶柱色谱或制备高效液相色谱分离,通过波谱分析鉴定其结构。结果从白术中分离得到12个成分,分别为苍术酮(Ⅰ)、白术内酯Ⅰ(Ⅱ)、白术内酯Ⅱ(Ⅲ)、白术内酯Ⅲ(Ⅳ)、双白术内酯(Ⅴ)、白术内酰胺(Ⅵ)、杜松脑(Ⅶ),蒲公英萜醇乙酸酯(Ⅷ)、β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(Ⅸ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅹ)、γ-菠甾醇(Ⅺ)和尿苷(ⅩⅡ),并用X-单晶衍射确证了双白术内酯的结构。结论化合物Ⅷ、Ⅺ和ⅩⅡ为首次从苍术属植物中分离得到。     

牛至的化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

目的对牛至的化学成分进行分离和鉴定。方法应用溶剂法进行提取,硅胶、Sephadex LH-20及Toy-opearl HW-40反复柱色谱分离、纯化,利用MS和NMR技术确定结构。结果从牛至氯仿部位分离鉴定了15个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,Ⅰ)、胡萝卜苷(dancosterol,Ⅱ)、二十六烯(hexacosene,Ⅲ)、二十六烷醇(hexa-cosanol,Ⅳ)、对二苯酚(1,4-benzenediol,Ⅴ)、邻二苯酚(1,2-benzenediol,Ⅵ)、对羟基苯甲醛(p-hydroxyben-zaldehyde,Ⅶ)、4-甲基-5-异丙基邻苯二酚(thymgquinol,4-methyl-5-isopropyl-1,2-benzenediol,Ⅷ)、二氢脱氢二松柏醇(dihydrodehydro diconifery lalcohol,Ⅸ)、(-)-丁香脂酚[(-)-syringaresinol,Ⅹ]、琥珀酸(succinateacid,Ⅺ)、齐墩果酸(oleanolicacid,ⅩⅡ)、乌苏酸(usolicacid,ⅩⅢ)、咖啡酸乙酯(ethyl caffeate,ⅩⅣ)、迷迭香酸乙酯(ethyl rosmarinate,ⅩⅤ)。结论首次从牛至植物中分离得到苯丙素类化合物Ⅸ、Ⅹ,化合物Ⅲ~Ⅷ、Ⅺ、ⅩⅣ、ⅩⅤ亦为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

细皱香薷叶的化学成分研究

目的研究细皱香薷Elsholtzia rugulosa叶的化学成分。方法采用柱色谱法进行分离和纯化,通过波谱分析鉴定结构。结果 从乙醇提取物中分离得到了12个化合物,鉴定结构分别为洋芹素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)、刺槐素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、木犀草素-7-O-(6″-乙酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ)、苯甲醇-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、prunasin(Ⅵ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅶ)、桦木酸(Ⅷ)、2α-羟基乌苏酸(Ⅸ)、2α-羟基齐墩果酸(Ⅹ)、洋芹素(Ⅺ)和木犀草素(ⅩⅡ)。结论化合物Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅸ和Ⅹ为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

山核桃外果皮化学成分的研究

目的研究山核桃Juglans mandshurica外果皮的化学成分。方法采用Diaion HP-20、Sephadex LH-20、MCI CHP-20及硅胶等柱色谱法进行分离纯化,利用理化性质及光谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果分离鉴定了12个化合物：球松素(Ⅰ)、槲皮素(Ⅱ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、大黄酚(Ⅳ)、没食子酸(Ⅴ)、对羟基肉桂酸甲酯(Ⅵ)、香草醛(Ⅶ)、咖啡酸(Ⅷ)、对羟基肉桂酸(Ⅸ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅹ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅺ)、5-羟基1,4-萘醌(ⅩⅡ)。结论化合物Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ～Ⅸ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

苏门白酒草的化学成分研究

目的 研究苏门白酒草的化学成分。方法 运用溶剂萃取、硅胶和聚酰胺柱色谱、重结晶等方法分离纯化,并通过核磁共振谱鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从苏门白酒草中分离鉴定了12个化合物：芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷-6″-甲酯(Ⅰ)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(Ⅱ)、金圣草黄素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷-6″-甲酯(Ⅲ)、金圣草黄素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ)、4′-羟基黄芩素(Ⅴ)、金合欢素-7- O-芸香糖苷(Ⅵ)、金圣草黄素(Ⅶ)、菠甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅷ)、菠甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷-6′-O-棕榈酸酯(Ⅸ)、( 2S,3S,4R,8E)-8,9-二脱氢植物鞘氨醇(2′R )-2′-羟基二十二、二十三、二十四、二十五烷酰胺(Ⅹ)、天师酸(Ⅺ)、菠甾醇(ⅩⅡ)。结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅺ为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅰ～Ⅶ和Ⅸ～Ⅺ为首次从白酒草属植物中分离得到。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.