lncRNA MIAT 在巨噬细胞炎症反应中的作用

目的:探索长链非编码RNA心肌梗死转录本(lncRNA MIAT)在巨噬细胞炎症反应中的作用及其可能参与的炎症通路。方法:脂多糖(LPS)刺激小鼠巨噬细胞J774A.1制备炎症反应细胞模型(LPS组),以等体积PBS刺激的J774A.1细胞为PBS对照组(PBS组),实时定量PCR(RT-qPCR)及ELISA法检测两组IL-1β、TNF-α的mRNA及蛋白表达水平,RT-qPCR检测lncRNA MIAT在两组的表达量及亚细胞定位;shRNA敲低lncRNA MIAT,分为shMIAT敲低(KD)组、shNC阴性对照(NC)组,RT-qPCR检测lncRNA MIAT敲低效率及两组IL-1β、TNF-αmRNA相对表达量;Western blot检测KD、NC组的NF-κB、ERK5等多种转录因子磷酸化水平;在LPS刺激J774A.1细胞分别加入ERK5特异性抑制剂(ERK5-IN-2)、ERK5-IN-2溶解液二甲基亚砜(DMSO),分为抑制剂组、DMSO对照组,Western blot检测ERK5磷酸化水平,RT-qPCR检测两组IL-1β、TNF-αmRNA相对表达量。结果:LPS组IL-1β、TNF-αmRNA相对表达水平及蛋白表达水平均高于PBS组(P0.05);lncRNA MIAT在LPS组相对表达量显著高于PBS组,且主要表达于细胞核;lncRNA MIAT在KD组显著低于NC组,其在J774A.1细胞的敲低效率为43%。KD组IL-1β、TNF-αmRNA相对表达量显著高于NC组;KD组ERK5磷酸化程度显著高于NC组,而NF-κB、STAT3、ERK1/2磷酸化水平差异无统计学意义;抑制剂组EKR5磷酸化显著低于DMSO对照组,且抑制剂组的IL-1β、TNF-αmRNA相对表达水平显著低于DMSO对照组。结论:lncRNA MIAT可能通过抑制ERK5磷酸化减少IL-1β、TNF-α合成,从而抑制巨噬细胞炎症反应。     

过表达SIRT1抑制脂多糖诱导的胰岛β细胞炎症因子表达及NF-κB信号通路激活

目的研究沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的胰岛β细胞炎症因子表达及核因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路激活的影响。方法用LPS处理胰岛β细胞,qRT-PCR和Western blot测定细胞中SIRT1表达变化。用pcDNA3.1-SIRT1慢病毒感染胰岛β细胞,qRT-PCR检测细胞中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)mRNA和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)mRNA表达水平,流式细胞术测定细胞凋亡变化,Western blot检测细胞中Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、活化型Caspase-3(cleaved Caspase-3)、核因子-κBp65亚型(NF-κBp65)、Toll样受体4(TLR4)蛋白表达水平。结果 LPS处理后的胰岛β细胞中SIRT1表达水平降低。pcDNA3.1-SIRT1慢病毒感染可以提高LPS条件下胰岛β细胞中SIRT1表达水平。LPS处理后的胰岛β细胞中IL-6 mRNA和TNF-αmRNA表达水平升高,凋亡率升高,细胞中Bax、Cleaved Caspase-3、NF-κBp65、TLR4蛋白表达升高。过表达SIRT1可以降低LPS条件下胰岛β细胞中IL-6 mRNA和TNF-αmRNA表达水平,抑制细胞凋亡,减少细胞中Bax、cleaved Caspase-3、NF-κBp65、TLR4蛋白表达。结论 SIRT1减少LPS诱导的胰岛β细胞炎症因子表达并下调细胞中NF-κB信号激活水平。     

细胞因子信号传导抑制蛋白-1减轻细胞因子诱导胰岛β细胞促凋亡基因的表达

目的 构建稳定表达细胞因子信号传导抑制蛋白－1（SOCS-1）蛋白的细胞,探讨其在胰岛β细胞凋亡中的保护作用。方法 克隆大鼠SOCS-1基因,构建表达载体pEGFP-C1-SOCS1并转染入大鼠胰岛细胞系RINm5F中,构建稳定表达SOCS-1蛋白的细胞。分别用细胞因子IL-1β 、TNF-α、IFN-γ 、IL-1β联合IFN-r、IL-1β联合TNF-α及IFN-γ刺激24h,RT-PCR与Western blot检测凋亡相关指标。结果 成功构建了稳定表达SOCS-1蛋白的细胞。用IFN-γ、IL-1β联合IFN-r、IL-1β联合TNF-α及IFN-γ刺激后,未转染SOCS-1质粒的细胞iNOS转录水平显著升高。在用所有细胞因子刺激后,未转染SOCS-1质粒的细胞caspase-3表达及活性均显著升高。 结论 SOCS-1蛋白能减轻多种细胞因子诱导的胰岛β细胞促凋亡基因的表达。     

Lnc-MALAT1减轻miR-217抑制 LPS诱导的大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞炎性反应

目的探究长链非编码RNA转移相关肺腺癌转录本1 (lnc-MALAT1)在脂多糖(LPS)诱导的大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞系(AMOs)炎性反应中的调控机制。方法 LPS处理AMOs建立细胞损伤模型,用脂质体法分别将pcDNA、pcDNA-MALAT1、miR-NC、miR-217 mimics、pcDNA-MALAT1与miR-NC、pcDNA-MALAT1与miR-217 mimics转染至AMOs, LPS处理12 h。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测细胞分泌人白介素1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的量;采用RT-qPCR检测细胞中MALAT1、miR-217的表达;采用双荧光素酶报告实验、RNA结合蛋白免疫沉淀实验(RIP)检测MALAT1与miR-217的靶向关系。结果与AMOs组相比,LPS+AMOs组细胞中IL-1β、TNFα的含量显著升高(P0.05),MALAT1表达水平显著升高,miR-217表达水平显著降低(P0.05)。双荧光素酶报告实验与RIP实验证实MALAT1能够靶向结合miR-217。过表达MALAT1可明显促进LPS诱导的AMOs细胞IL-1β、TNF-α的分泌,而过表达miR-217则可抑制LPS诱导的AMOs细胞IL-1β、TNF-α的分泌,并且过表达miR-217减轻MALAT1促进LPS诱导的AMOs细胞IL-1β、TNF-α的分泌。结论 Lnc-MALAT1可促进LPS诱导的AMOs的炎性反应,其机制与靶向miR-217相关。     

紫草多糖抑制LPS活化PBMC表达炎症相关因子的基因转录

目的:研究紫草多糖对LPS活化外周血单个核细胞(Peripheral blood mononuclear cells,PBMC)表达TNF-α、IL-10、IL-18相关因子的影响及其可能的信号通路。方法:LymphopreTM(1.077 g/ml)淋巴细胞分离液离心分离正常健康人PBMC,紫草多糖处理正常健康人的PBMC或LPS活化的PBMC,利用Real-time RT-PCR法检测TNF-α、IL-10、IL-18、IL-18BP、IL-18Rα、IL-18Rβ基因转录水平,通过Western blot检测PBMC中ERK磷酸化水平。结果:紫草多糖可增强PBMC TNF-α、IL-10、IL-18Rα、IL-18Rβ的转录,与LPS处理的PBMC相近。紫草多糖处理LPS活化的PBMC,在处理早期(4小时)可抑制LPS活化的PBMCTNF-α及IL-18的表达,抑制率达15%~50%(P<0.05);并可抑制LPS诱导的ERK磷酸化,抑制率达27%~61%(P<0.05)。结论:紫草多糖可能是通过抑制PBMC的MAPK信号通路进而抑制LPS诱导的炎症相关因子TNF-α等高表达。     

肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞A549对TNF-α和LPS的刺激效果研究

目的研究肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞A549对TNF-α和脂多糖(lipopolysaccharides,LPS)刺激的反应效果,探讨急性肺损伤体外细胞模型最佳造模方法。方法体外培养的A549细胞分为正常对照组(normal control,NC组),10 ng/ml TNF-α刺激2 h组,10 ng/ml和100 ng/ml LPS分别刺激2、4、8、16 h组。Western blotting检测胞浆IκB-α含量和IκB-α、NF-κB p65磷酸化水平,qRT-PCR检测细胞TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA转录水平,ELISA检测细胞培养上清IL-1β和IL-6质量浓度。结果 TNF-α刺激导致A549细胞大量凋亡或死亡,而LPS刺激对A549细胞生长形态无明显影响,且与LPS的刺激质量浓度和时间无关。TNF-α刺激可明显增加A549细胞内IκB-α和NF-κB p65磷酸化水平(P<0.05),而LPS刺激对A549细胞内IκB-α和NF-κB p65磷酸化水平无明显影响(P>0.05),且与LPS的刺激质量浓度和时间无关(P>0.05)。TNF-α刺激可显著增加A549细胞内TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6 mRNA转录水平和培养上清中IL-1β、IL-6质量浓度(P<0.05),而LPS刺激对上述炎症因子的合成和分泌并无显著影响(P>0.05),且与LPS的刺激质量浓度和时间无关(P>0.05)。结论 TNF-α可以有效刺激A549产生过度炎症反应,而LPS不能刺激A549细胞产生炎症损伤,因此建立急性肺损伤体外细胞模型时可以考虑用TNF-α代替LPS刺激。     

二甲双胍对脂多糖诱发的血管内皮细胞炎性损伤的影响

目的探讨二甲双胍(Metformin, Met)对脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide, LPS)诱发的人主动脉内皮细胞HAEC炎性损伤的影响及作用。方法体外培养人主动脉内皮细胞株HAEC,随机分为4组:正常对照组,LPS组(1μg/mL LPS),2.5mmol/L Met预处理+LPS组,5 mmol/L Met预处理+LPS组。MTT法检测细胞生存活性;Western Blot检测细胞内cleaved-caspase-3的表达;ELISA法检测细胞上清液中炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的含量。实时PCR检测IL-1βmRNA、IL-6mRNA、TNF-αmRNA表达。结果与正常对照组相比,LPS组细胞生存率明显降低,细胞内的cleaved-caspase-3蛋白表达显著升高,细胞上清液中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的含量明显升高。2.5mmol/L Met、5mmol/L Met预处理12h后,能显著减轻LPS诱发HAEC细胞炎性损伤,并存在剂量依赖性。而且细胞内的IL-1βmRNA、IL-6 mRNA、TNF-αmRNA表达明显低于LPS组。结论二甲双胍拮抗LPS诱发的HAEC细胞炎性损伤,与降低细胞内IL-1βmkHA、IL-6mkHA、TNF-αmRNA的表达,从而抑制炎症因子的释放相关。     

Fractalkine对脂多糖激活的小胶质细胞炎症相关因子表达的影响

目的:探讨趋化因子Fractalkine对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠小胶质细胞(N9)激活时所分泌的TNF-α、IL-1β和一氧化氮(NO)表达的影响.方法:用Fractalkine处理经LPS激活的小鼠小胶质细胞24 h,以ELISA法检测细胞培养上清中TNF-α和IL-1β的浓度,以NO试剂盒检测培养上清中NO的浓度.结果:LPS能够激活小胶质细胞,使IL-1 β、TNF-α和NO的表达量与对照组相比明显升高;Fractalkine能够降低LPS激活的小胶质细胞IL-1β、TNF-α和NO的表达.结论:Fractalkine可能通过抑制炎症相关因子的产生而在中枢神经系统中发挥神经保护作用.     

TO901317对脂多糖LPS致小鼠中脑内炎症反应的调节作用

目的观察肝脏X受体(LXR)激动剂TO901317对脂多糖LPS致小鼠中脑内炎症反应的调节作用。方法提取小鼠中脑mRNA行RT-PCR及中脑免疫组织化学方法检测LXR激动剂TO901317对LPS致炎小鼠中脑内炎症因子IL-1β,IL-6和TNF-α的影响及小胶质细胞活化的调节作用。结果 TO901317处理组小鼠中脑IL-1β,IL-6和TNF-αmRNA含量明显低于单纯LPS注射组。TO901317预处理抑制LPS引起的中脑小胶质细胞的活化。结论 LXR受体激活能有效抑制中脑小胶质细胞激活及前炎因子的释放。     

过表达PGRN抑制LPS诱导的肺泡上皮细胞损伤

目的:探讨颗粒体蛋白前体(progranulin,PGRN)对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的人肺泡上皮A549细胞和HPAEpi C细胞增殖、凋亡及炎症的影响。方法:实验分为4组:对照(control)组为正常培养的细胞;LPS组用LPS(10 mg/L)处理;PGRN+LPS组在转染pc DNA3.1-PGRN质粒后加入LPS处理;pc DNA3.1+LPS组在转染pc DNA3.1-EGFP质粒后加入LPS处理。MTT试剂盒检测细胞活力;Brd U掺入实验检测细胞增殖;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;RT-q PCR和Western blot分别检测PGRN的mRNA和蛋白表达;Western blot检测caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、p65和p-IκB-α的蛋白水平。结果:与对照组相比,LPS组的细胞增殖率下降(P0.05),凋亡率上升(P0.05),caspase-3和Bax的蛋白表达上调(P0.05),Bcl-2的蛋白表达下调(P0.05),IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的蛋白表达上调(P0.05),p65和p-IκB-α的蛋白水平增加(P0.05),与LPS组相比,PGRN+LPS组的细胞增殖率上升(P0.05),凋亡率下降(P0.05),caspase-3和Bax的蛋白表达下调(P0.05),Bcl-2的蛋白表达上调(P0.05),IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的蛋白表达下调(P0.05),p65和p-IκB-α的蛋白水平降低(P0.05)。结论:PGRN过表达可以减轻LPS诱导的A549细胞和HPAEpi C细胞增殖、凋亡异常及炎症因子产生等损伤,这可能与PGRN参与调控NF-κB信号通路有关。     

Comprehensive sequence analysis of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and characterization of DRB1-QAP-DQA1-DQB1 haplotypes

It is well known that both chain and β chain of HLA-DQ are highly polymorphic. However the polymorphisms outside the hypervariable region were not fully examined so far. To further clarify the polymorphisms in DQ genes, we determined the nucleotide sequences of full length cDNA, spanning from the leader sequence to the stop codon, from 15 DQA1 alleles and 15 DQB1 alleles. We identified several new DQ alleles which had identical exon 2 sequence and were different in other exons. On the basis of the sequence analyses, a comprehensive PCR-based oligotyping system for DQA1 gene was established. We then characterized DRB1-QAP(DQA1 promoter)-DQA1-DQB1 haplotypes of B-lymphoblastoid cell lines homozygous for HLA and healthy unrelated Japanese and Norwegian populations. It was revealed that DQA1 alleles, which were identical in exon 2 but different in other exons, showed close linkage disequilibrium with diferent characteristic DRB1, QAP and DQB1 alleles. These results suggest that DR-DQ haplotypes have been generated in the early stage of molecular evolution.     

Initial Changes of Rat Leukemia Induced by 1-Ethyl-1-Nitrosourea and 1-Butyl-1-Nitrosourea

The initial histological changes of leukemia were investigated in rats to which 1-ethyl- 1-nitrosourea and 1 butyl 1 nitrosourea were orally administered. The appearance of orthochromatic erythroblasts in the peripheral blood was used as the index of the initial stage of leukemia. The rat leukemia progressed from solitary lesions to scattered and further diffuse lesions. These leukemias are thought to begin as one, or only a few nodular foci, mainly in the bone marrow and partly in the spleen. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 158–165, 1992.     

Initial changes of rat leukemia induced by 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea and 1-butyl-1-nitrosourea.

The initial histological changes of leukemia were investigated in rats to which 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea and 1-butyl-1-nitrosourea were orally administered. The appearance of orthochromatic erythroblasts in the peripheral blood was used as the index of the initial stage of leukemia. The rat leukemia progressed from solitary lesions to scattered and further diffuse lesions. These leukemias are thought to begin as one, or only a few nodular foci, mainly in the bone marrow and partly in the spleen.     

FoxO1 基因对Jurkat 细胞FoxO1-KLF2-S1P1 通路的调节作用

目的:通过构建FoxO1 表达和干扰慢病毒载体,建立细胞内FoxO1-KLF2-S1P1 信号通路调控研究模型,观察FoxO1 过表达、干扰表达在Jurkat 细胞内对其下游分子表达及功能的影响。方法:构建FoxO1 表达和干扰表达慢病毒载体,分别感染Jurkat 细胞,采用荧光定量PCR、Western blot 和流式细胞术检测S1P1、CD62L、CCR7、CD69 mRNA 水平和蛋白分子的表达。结果:FoxO1 过表达组于感染后120 h FoxO1、KLF2、S1P1 和CD62L mRNA 水平显著增高(P<0.05),FoxO1、FoxO1-p 和KLF2 胞浆蛋白水平增高,S1P1+细胞和CD62L+ 细胞比率增高(P<0.05),CCR7+ 细胞和CD69+ 细胞未见显著改变(P>0.05)。FoxO1 干扰组于转染后120 h FoxO1、KLF2、S1P1 和CD62L mRNA 水平降低(P<0.05),FoxO1、FoxO1-p 和KLF2 胞浆蛋白水平低于对照组,S1P1+细胞百分比增多(P<0.05) ,但S1P1+细胞和CD62L+细胞在72 h 时减少(P<0.05)。结论:FoxO1 表达和干扰慢病毒载体转染Jurkat 细胞并调节KLF2、S1P1 和CD62L 等分子的表达,为开展细胞内FoxO1-KLF2-S1P1 信号通路调控和细胞相关功能的研究打下了基础。     

韩国人CYP450 1A1、CYP450 2E1和GSTM1、GSTT1、GSTP1基因座遗传多态性分析

目的 调查代谢相关的CYP4501A1、CYP4502E1和GSTM1、GSIT1、GSTP1基因座在韩国人群中的遗传多态性分布状况。方法 采用多重聚合酶链式反应、聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术，分析300名韩国健康大学生的CYP1A1基因3′端限制性内切酶Msp Ⅰ位点、CYP2E1基因5′端转录调节区Pst Ⅰ位点和GSTM1、GSTT1缺失与存在、GSTP1基因第5外显子BsmA Ⅰ位点的基因型，计算基因型和基因频率。结果 CYP1A1基因型频率为ml／ml型39．7％、ml／m2型49．7％、m2／m2型10．7％，基因频率为ml 0．645、m2 0．355。CYP2E1基因型频率为cl／cl型66．7％、cl／c2型30％、c2／c2型3．3％，基因频率为C1 0．818、C2 0．182。GSTM1基因缺失型频率为53．3％。GSTT1基因缺失型频率为54．7％。GSTP1基因型频率为Ile／Ile型62％、Ile／Val型34．3％、VaL／Val型3．7％，基因频率为Ile 0．792、Val 0．208。基因分布符合Hardy-Weirtberg平衡定律。结论 韩国人CYP1A1、CYP2E1、GSTM1、GSTT1基因分布与我国人群较为相近，半数以上人缺乏GSTM1和GSTT1基因，纯合缺失型频率超过印度人的3倍。     

Differential regulation of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression in resveratrol-treated human medulloblastoma cells

Resveratrol induces differentiation and Fas-independent apoptosis of medulloblastoma cells by a largely unknown mechanism. CYP1A1 and 1B1 are involved in resveratrol-mediated tumor suppression but their expression in medulloblastoma cells and their relevance to anti-medulloblastoma activity of resveratrol have not been described. The statuses of CYP1A1 and 1B1 in UW228-3 medulloblastoma cells without and with resveratrol treatments were elucidated in this study with ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation assay, followed by RT-PCR, immunocytochemical staining and Western blot hybridization. CYP1A1/1B1 enzymatic activity was low in UW228-3 cells but became several folds higher upon resveratrol treatments. CYP1A1 was undetectable and CYP1B1 was expressed in normally cultured cells. Accompanied by the increased fraction of apoptosis, enhanced CYP1A1 and downregulated CYP1B1 were observed in resveratrol-treated cells in time- and dose-related fashions. Our results demonstrate for the first time that in the medulloblastoma cell system, CYP1A1 upregulation is paralleled with resveratrol-induced differentiation and apoptosis, while CYP1B1 may not be an essential element in metabolic activation of resveratrol in those cells. CYP1A1 and 1B1 are resveratrol response genes and potential chemosensitive markers of medulloblastoma cells.