离断性肾盂成形术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄

目的 探讨肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄的手术治疗方法和临床疗效。方法 采用离断性肾盂成形（Anderson-Hynes术）治疗肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄46例，常规采用双J管作支架内引流或贤，输尿管造瘘，术后4-6wk拔除双J管或肾，输尿管造瘘管，3mo行静脉尿路造影复查，结果 1次手术成功45例，2次手术成功1例，经3mo-3a随访，患肾积水好转，吻合口通畅，远期疗效好。结论 肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄，手术方法以离断性肾盂成形术为首选，双J管能起到引流通畅及内支架作用；儿童患仍需采用输尿管内支架及舍肾造瘘引流。     

离断性肾盂成形术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻60例

目的总结离断性肾盂成形术治疗肾孟输尿管连接部梗阻（UPJO）的诊治体会。方法分析60例UPJO患者的临床资料。其中肾孟输尿管连接部狭窄40例,肾孟输尿管高位连接12例,迷走血管压迫5例,纤维条索压迫3例。均采用Anderson-Hynes术。结果术后随访6～36个月,分别行B超、静脉肾孟造影检查、MRI检查,有58例（96.7%）肾积水消失或明显减轻,1例（1.7%）无明显变化,1例（1.7%）肾积水加重。结论离断性肾孟成形术治疗UPJO疗效显著。     

后腹腔镜下离断性肾盂成形术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄

目的 探讨后腹腔镜下离断性肾盂成形术即Anderson-Hynes手术治疗肾孟输尿管连接部梗阻的疗效.方法 采用后腹腔镜下Anderson-Hynes手术治疗肾孟输尿管连接部梗阻(UPJO)所致中、重度肾积水患者26例.病程1周～5年,均为腰部钝疼不适就诊,所有患者均经影像学明确UPJO诊断.结果 后腹腔镜Anderson-Hynes手术耗时150～300 min,平均3 h,术中出血35～80 mL.无中转开放手术.术后4～7 d拔出腹膜后引流管,切口均一期愈合,术后8～10周拔出D-J管,无漏尿及吻合口狭窄,随访3～24个月,B超及静脉肾盂造影(IVP)提示积水改善、肾功能恢复.结论 后腹腔镜Anderson-Hynes手术在手术创伤、住院时间、术后恢复等方面优于开放手术,有望替代开放术式.     

后腹腔镜离断式肾盂成形术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻

选取我院收治的肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻(IPJO)患者152例,随机分为两组,后腹腔镜组的76例患者,在气管插管全麻状态下行后腹腔镜离断式肾盂成形术进行治疗;开放性手术组的76例患者,在持续硬脊膜外麻醉状态下行开放性肾盂输尿管成形术进行治疗。后腹腔镜组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、住院时间显著低于开放性手术组患者,两组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);后腹腔镜组患者的并发症发生率显著低于开放性手术组患者,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);后腹腔镜组患者术后的肾积水复发率与开放性手术组患者相当,两组比较,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。后腹腔镜离断式肾盂成形术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少的临床效果,值得在临床上进行推广应用。     

后腹腔镜肾盂成形术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻

目的 评价后腹腔镜肾盂输尿管成形术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻(UPJO)的临床效果.方法 收集2008年6月～2011年2月共11例UPJO合并肾中重度积水患者,行后腹腔镜下作V-Y成形术.结果 所有患者手术均顺利完成,静脉肾盂造影(IVU)提示造影剂通过良好,肾积水均明显改善.结论 后腹腔镜治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻微创、安全、有效,值得推广.     

3D腹腔镜下离断式肾盂成形术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻的手术配合

总结26例3D腹腔镜下离断式肾盂成形术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻的手术配合。术前准备充分,合理安置手术体位;术中熟悉手术步骤,密切观察手术进展,正确、规范操作3D系统,严密观察患者生命体征 ,快速、准确传递器械,术后及时还原患者体位,保证患者安全。26例患者均顺利完成手术。     

肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻的诊治

目的：探讨肾盂输尿管连接部(UPJ)梗阻的诊治方法。方法：本组UPJ梗阻患者32例，术前由13超和逆行肾盂造影确诊。手术采用离断式肾盂输尿管成形术或连续性肾盂输尿管成形术。结果：利尿13超和逆行肾盂造影的确诊率极高，术后肾积水明显改善，吻合口通畅。结论：逆行肾盂造影是确诊的最好方法之一，简便易行。手术治疗的疗效满意。     

肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻的护理

目的：探讨肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻行肾盂输尿管成形术的护理。方法：通过术前准备，术后护理，总结肾盂输尿管成形术的护理经验。结果：全部手术病人术后肾积水明显改善，吻合口通畅，无梗阻。结论：精心细致的护理是肾盂输尿管成形术得以顺利开展的必要支持和重要保证。     

腹腔镜下离断式肾盂成形术

我院泌尿外科从2001年10月至2002年10月，对肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻(PUJO)18例病例用腹腔镜经腹腔途径行离断式肾盂成形术。手术均获得成功，初步效果满意。报告如下。     

后腹腔镜离断式肾盂成形术36例报告

目的 探讨后腹腔镜下离断式肾盂成形术的临床价值.方法 2003年5月～2007年10月后腹腔镜下对36例肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄患者行离断式肾盂成形术.腰部常规取3处穿刺孔,显露肾盂、输尿管移行部,切除病变段输尿管,裁剪扩张肾盂,缝合成形肾盂输尿管移行部.结果 36例手术操作成功完成,手术时间110～240min.平均140min,术中出血量30～120mL,平均60mL,术后住院8～20d,平均11 d,术后并发皮下气肿9例、漏尿3例,1例穿刺孔脂肪液化.32例获随访1年,术后3个月均行IVP检查,31例肾积水程度与术前比较明显缓解或恢复正常,证实肾孟输尿管吻合口通畅.1例肾积水程度变化不明显,继续观察3个月后出现肾区胀感,给予输尿管镜检扩张后症状消失.结论 后腹腔镜离断式肾盂成形术疗效确切、微创,随着腹腔镜操作技艺的熟练,必将取代传统开放手术.     

后腹腔镜肾盂成形术在肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻的应用

目的探讨后腹腔镜手术治疗肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻（ureteropeluic junction obstruction,UPJO）的手术技巧和临床效果。方法回顾性分析2006年7月2009年10月59例采用后腹腔镜手术治疗UPJO患者的临床资料。后腹腔镜下行UPJO周围压迫组织松解术18例,Y-V成形术25例,离断成形术16例。结果术后随访3～36个月。所有患者手术均顺利完成。静脉肾盂造影均提示造影剂通过良好,肾积水均得到明显改善。结论后腹腔镜治疗UPJO创伤小,患者术后痛苦小、恢复快、住院时间短、疗效显著,可作为UPJO治疗的首选治疗方法 。     

后腹腔镜离断式肾盂成形术（附17例报告）

目的：探讨后腹腔镜离断式肾盂成形术的临床价值。方法：采用后腹腔镜技术对17例肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻（UPJO）患者实施离断式肾盂成形术。结果：17例手术全部成功,手术时间95-165 min,平均130 min,术中出血20-90 mL,平均50 mL。术后15例随访3-16个月,IVU检查吻合口无狭窄,患肾积水减轻或消失,腰部疼痛消失。结论：后腹腔镜离断式肾盂成形术创伤小、安全、有效,是肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻（UPJO）新的治疗选择,可替代传统的开放手术。     

两种手术治疗肾盂输尿管交界部梗阻的临床疗效及安全性比较

目的比较后腹腔镜与开放离断式肾盂成形术治疗肾盂输尿管交界部梗阻的有效性及安全性。方法选择该科2003年6月至2013年9月收治肾盂输尿管交界部梗阻患者76例,对其中33例行后腹腔镜下离断式肾盂成形术,43例行开放离断式肾盂成形术,对比分析两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、手术成功率及并发症发生率等。结果后腹腔镜组手术时间明显长与开放手术组(P0.05),而在术中出血量、术后住院时间均优于开放手术组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组手术成功率及并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后随访6~27个月,B超提示所有患者肾积水均明显减轻或消失。结论后腹腔镜离断式肾盂成形术安全有效,并具有创伤小、出血少、并发症少、恢复快等优点,可逐渐取代开放式手术。     

Role of robotics in the management of secondary ureteropelvic junction obstruction

Patients with recurrent ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) present a treatment dilemma to urologists. Second-line therapies have previously been shown to fail at a higher rate than the initial therapeutic procedure. We report our experience with robotic-assisted, dismembered pyeloplasty in patients with secondary UPJO. Since November 2002, 44 robotic-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasties (RALPs) have been performed at our institution. Of these, seven patients had undergone previous definitive treatment for UPJO. Anderson-Hynes-dismembered pyeloplasty was the preferred reconstructive technique in all patients. The patients were divided into two groups: primary pyeloplasty patients (group 1) and secondary pyeloplasty patients (group 2). Variables examined include operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), length of hospital stay (LOS) and success rates. All operations were completed laparoscopically, and there were no conversions to open surgery in either group. Mean operative time was 60 min longer in the secondary pyeloplasty group compared with primary cases, but the EBL, LOS and success rates were similar. A patent UPJ was confirmed in both groups by renal scan and/or excretory urography (intravenous pyelogram) examinations. RALP is a viable option in select patients with recurrent UPJO after previous endoscopic or open surgical repair. As expected, operative times were longer in these patients due to a more challenging dissection (p < 0.05). However, the magnification afforded by the robot allows for a precise dissection, and subsequently, there was no significant increase in blood loss, hospital stay or perioperative morbidity in our series (p > 0.05).     

小儿经腹肠系膜间隙入路腹腔镜下肾盂成形术的疗效观察

目的 总结经腹肠系膜间隙入路行腹腔镜下肾盂成形术的临床经验,探讨该术式治疗小儿左侧肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄导致肾盂积水的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2014年5月-2020年5月该院18例采取经腹肠系膜间隙入路行腹腔镜下肾盂成形术患儿的临床资料.其中,男10例,女8例,年龄3～14岁,平均(5.7±2.9)岁,均为左侧.均采用经...     

后腹腔镜精准辅助小切口离断肾盂成形术治疗小儿肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻（附22例报告）

目的探讨后腹腔镜精准辅助小切口离断肾盂成形术治疗小儿肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻(UPJO)的手术技巧和临床价值。方法 22例小儿UPJO行后腹腔镜精准辅助小切口离断肾盂成形术。其中,男15例,女7例,年龄6个月~8岁,平均3.5岁;左侧13例,右侧7例,双侧肾积水2例。结果辅助小切口长度1.5~4.0 cm,平均2.6 cm,手术时间42~95 min,平均63 min,术中出血量5~30 ml,平均15 ml,术后住院时间5~12 d,平均6.6 d。围手术期尿漏1例,因术后护理不当夹闭导尿管导致,术后延长伤口引流管留置时间后治愈。术后随访3~24个月,复查B超及尿路造影(CTU)显示肾积水及肾功能均得到改善,尿常规正常。结论对于部分小儿UPJO,后腹腔镜精准辅助小切口离断肾盂成形术是一种微创、安全而有效的手术治疗方法。     

Recurrent Severe Abdominal Pain in the Pediatric Patient

Background

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a blockage occurring at the junction of the ureter and the renal pelvis. Pediatric patients with UPJO pose a diagnostic challenge when they present to the emergency department (ED) with severe recurrent abdominal pain if there is not a level of suspicion for this condition.

Objectives

Our aim was to review presentation of UPJO to the ED, methods of diagnosis, and treatment of this common but often overlooked condition.

Case Report

We report on 2 patients, a 9-year-old and 3-year-old, who had multiple presentations to health care providers and the ED with intermittent and recurrent abdominal pain. Subsequent testing, including ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) with diuretic-recreated symptoms, revealed UPJO. Open pyeloplasty was performed, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms.

Conclusions

UPJO is an important diagnosis to consider when patients present to the ED with recurrent abdominal pain. US can be helpful in suspecting the diagnosis, but often CT, magnetic resonance urography, or diuretic scintigraphy is required for confirmation. Diuretics can be used to aid diagnostic testing by reproducing abdominal pain at the time of imaging. Referral to a urologist for open pyeloplasty is definitive treatment for this condition.     

肾盂输尿管连接处梗阻的手术治疗

[目的]探讨肾盂输尿管连接处梗阻（PUJO）的手术方法.[方法]本组18例中采用非离断性肾盂成形成术6例,其中肾盂裁剪加连接处松解4例,离断性肾盂成形术12例.[结果]18例中16例获得随访,非离断性肾盂成形术5例中3例积水明显减轻,2例无明显改善.离断性肾盂成形术1例肾积水加重,其余肾积水均明显改善.两种手术方法疗效比较有明显差异.[结论]离断性肾盂成形术是治疗PUJO的理想方法.     

Sonographically guided removal of a double J ureteral stent in an infant

A 2-month-old male infant with a prenatally diagnosed obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction underwent a dismembered Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty. A transanastomotic double J ureteral stent was placed between the renal pelvis and the urinary bladder. This report describes the subsequent removal of the double J ureteral stent from the patient's urinary bladder without the aid of a cystoscope: a rigid biopsy forceps was introduced trans-urethrally into the urinary bladder, and the stent was removed with sonographic guidance. Removal of a ureteral stent with sonographic guidance has not been previously reported in infants. This technique may be particularly useful in developing countries, where appropriate-sized cystoscopes and accessories may not be available.